Wikipedia

FTSE 100 Index

(Redirected from UKX)

"UKX" redirects here. For the airport code, see Ust-Kut Airport.

The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index, also called the FTSE 100 Index, FTSE 100, FTSE, or, informally, the "Footsie" /ˈfʊtsi/, is the United Kingdom's best-known stock market index of the 100 most highly capitalised blue chips listed on the London Stock Exchange.[1]

FTSE 100
Performance of the FTSE 100 index between January 1984 and June 2024
Foundation3 January 1984
OperatorFTSE Russell
ExchangesLondon Stock Exchange
Trading symbol
  • UKX
Constituents100 (June 2024)
TypeLarge-cap
Market cap£2.022 trillion (June 2024)
Weighting methodCapitalisation-weighted
Related indices
Websiteofficial website
Reuters.FTSE
BloombergUKX:IND

Founded in 1984 by Stock Exchange to better reflect activity on the market, it replaced the Financial Times' own FT 30.[2] A new index allowed Stock Exchange to launch the options contract derived from the FTSE's real-time data, while competitors LIFFE launched the futures contract.[3][4] By 1986, Margaret Thatcher's sweeping financial deregulation and high profile privatisations of index members British Telecom, British Gas, and British Aerospace had culminated in the Big Bang.[5] The combination of a new index, major privatisations, LIFFE tradable derivatives, and promotion by the Financial Times led to the FTSE 100 becoming the most widely used indicator of whether the UK stock market was rising or falling.[6] In 1987, privatisations continued with British Airways and British Petroleum. The latter concluded on the same day as Black Monday, a crash in which the index fell 21.73% in two days; one of those days is still the index's worst single-day return, –12.22%.[7]

The index consists of 32 sectors, four of which had a market capitalisation exceeding £200 billion as of 28 June 2024. These are pharmaceuticals, oil and gas, metals and mining and banking services, which together account for approximately 46% of the index's capitalisation.[8] On the same date, there were four companies with a market cap exceeding £100 billion: Shell, AstraZeneca, HSBC and Unilever, which together accounted for approximately 30% of the market cap.[8]

Each calendar quarter, the FTSE's constituents are reviewed and some companies exit or enter the index, resulting in irregular trading volume and price changes as market participants rebalance their portfolios.[9]

Overview

edit

The index has trading symbol UKX[1] and is maintained by FTSE Russell,[10] a wholly owned subsidiary of London Stock Exchange Group, which originated as a joint venture between the Financial Times and the London Stock Exchange. It is calculated in real time and published every second when the market is open.

The FTSE 100 Index with its 100 constituents[10] was launched on 3 January 1984.[10][9] The market capitalisation weighted FTSE 100 index replaced the price-weighted FT30 Index as the performance benchmark for most investors.[11]

The FTSE 100 broadly consists of the largest 100 qualifying UK companies by full market value.[12] The total market value of a company is calculated by multiplying the share price of the company by the total number of shares they have issued.[13] However, many of these are internationally focused companies: therefore the index's movements are a fairly weak indicator of how the UK economy is faring and are significantly affected by the exchange rates of the pound sterling.[14] A better indication of the UK economy is the FTSE 250 Index, as it contains a smaller proportion of international companies.[15]

Even though the FTSE All-Share Index is more comprehensive, the FTSE 100 is by far the most widely used UK stock market indicator. Other related indices are the FTSE 250 Index (which includes the next largest 250 companies after the FTSE 100), the FTSE 350 Index (which is the aggregation of the FTSE 100 and 250), FTSE SmallCap Index and the FTSE Fledgling Index. The FTSE All-Share aggregates the FTSE 100, FTSE 250 and FTSE SmallCap.[1]

Weighting

edit

In the FTSE indices, share prices are weighted by free-float capitalisation, so that the larger companies, with more of their stock "floating", make more of a difference to the index than smaller companies. The basic formula for these indices is:[16]

 

The free float adjustment factor represents the percentage of all issued shares that are readily available for trading, rounded up to the nearest multiple of 5%. The free-float capitalisation of a company is its market capitalisation multiplied by its free float adjustment factor. It therefore does not include restricted stocks, such as those held by company insiders.[16]

Futures contracts

edit

FTSE futures contracts are traded on the Euronext Equities & Index Derivatives (EUREID) exchange. The value of each contract is 10 GBP × index points and is specified as:[17]

FTSE (QFA) contract specifications
Contract size 10 GBP × index points
Exchange EUREID
Sector Index
Tick size 0.5
Tick value 5 GBP
Basis Point Value 10
Denomination GBP
Decimal places 1

Record values

edit

The index has reached the following record values:

Category All-time highs
Closing 8,445.80 15 May 2024
Intraday 8,474.71 15 May 2024

The index began on 3 January 1984 at the base level of 1,000.[18] The highest closing value of 8,445.80 was reached on 15 May 2024 and the highest intra-day value of 8,474.71 was also reached on 15 May 2024.[19]

Annual returns

edit

The following table shows the annual development of the calculation of the FT 30 Index from 1969 to 1983, and the FTSE 100 since 1984.[20][21][22][23]

Year Closing level Change in index
(points) (%)
1969 313.16
1970 289.61 −23.55 −7.52
1971 411.03 121.42 41.93
1972 463.72 52.69 12.82
1973 318.30 −145.42 −31.36
1974 142.17 −176.13 −55.33
1975 335.98 193.81 136.32
1976 322.98 −13.00 −3.87
1977 455.96 132.98 41.17
1978 468.06 12.10 2.65
1979 488.40 20.34 4.35
1980 620.60 132.20 27.07
1981 665.50 44.90 7.23
1982 812.37 146.87 22.07
1983 1,000.00 187.63 23.10
1984 1,232.20 232.20 23.22
1985 1,412.60 180.40 14.64
1986 1,679.00 266.40 18.86
1987 1,712.70 33.70 2.01
1988 1,793.10 80.40 4.69
1989 2,422.70 629.60 35.11
1990 2,143.50 −279.20 −11.52
1991 2,493.10 349.60 16.31
1992 2,846.50 353.40 14.18
1993 3,418.40 571.90 20.09
1994 3,065.50 −352.90 −10.32
1995 3,689.30 623.80 20.35
1996 4,118.50 429.20 11.63
1997 5,135.50 1,017.00 24.69
1998 5,882.60 747.10 14.55
1999 6,930.20 1,047.60 17.81
2000 6,222.46 −707.74 −10.21
2001 5,217.35 −1,005.11 −16.15
2002 3,940.36 −1,276.99 −24.48
2003 4,476.87 536.49 13.62
2004 4,814.30 337.57 7.54
2005 5,618.76 804.46 16.71
2006 6,220.81 602.05 10.71
2007 6,456.91 236.10 3.80
2008 4,434.17 −2,022.74 −31.33
2009 5,412.88 978.71 22.07
2010 5,899.94 487.06 9.00
2011 5,572.28 −327.66 −5.55
2012 5,897.81 325.53 5.84
2013 6,749.09 851.29 14.43
2014 6,566.09 −183.00 −2.71
2015 6,274.05 −292.04 −4.45
2016 7,142.83 868.78 13.85
2017 7,687.77 544.94 7.63
2018 6,728.13 −959.64 −12.48
2019 7,542.44 814.31 12.10
2020 6,460.52 −1,081.92 −14.34
2021 7,384.54 924.02 14.30
2022 7,451.74 67.20 0.91
2023 7,733.24 281.50 3.78

Constituents

edit

The following table lists the FTSE 100 companies after the changes on 1 October 2024.[24]

Company Ticker FTSE industry classification benchmark sector[25]
3i III Financial services
Admiral Group ADM Insurance
Airtel Africa AAF Telecommunications services
Anglo American plc AAL Mining
Antofagasta plc ANTO Mining
Ashtead Group AHT Support services
Associated British Foods ABF Food & tobacco
AstraZeneca AZN Pharmaceuticals & biotechnology
Auto Trader Group AUTO Media
Aviva AV Life insurance
B&M BME Retailers
BAE Systems BA Aerospace & defence
Barclays BARC Banks
Barratt Redrow BTRW Household goods & home construction
Beazley BEZ Insurance
Berkeley Group Holdings BKG Household goods & home construction
BP BP Oil & gas producers
British American Tobacco BATS Tobacco
British Land BLND Real estate
BT Group BT-A Telecommunications services
Bunzl BNZL Support services
Centrica CNA Multiline utilities
Coca-Cola HBC CCH Beverages
Compass Group CPG Support services
Convatec CTEC Health care equipment & supplies
Croda International CRDA Chemicals
DCC plc DCC Support services
Diageo DGE Beverages
Diploma DPLM Industrial Support services
Endeavour Mining EDV Precious Metals and Mining
Entain ENT Travel & leisure
EasyJet EZJ Travel & leisure
Experian EXPN Support services
F & C Investment Trust FCIT Collective investments
Frasers Group FRAS Retailers
Fresnillo plc FRES Mining
Glencore GLEN Mining
GSK plc GSK Pharmaceuticals & biotechnology
Haleon HLN Pharmaceuticals & biotechnology
Halma plc HLMA Electronic equipment & parts
Hargreaves Lansdown HL Financial services
Hikma Pharmaceuticals HIK Pharmaceuticals & biotechnology
Hiscox HSX Non-life Insurance
Howdens Joinery HWDN Homebuilding & construction supplies
HSBC HSBA Banks
IHG Hotels & Resorts IHG Travel & leisure
IMI IMI Machinery, tools, heavy vehicles, trains & ships
Imperial Brands IMB Tobacco
Informa INF Media
Intermediate Capital Group ICG Financial services
International Airlines Group IAG Travel & leisure
Intertek ITRK Support services
JD Sports JD General retailers
Kingfisher plc KGF Retailers
Land Securities LAND Real estate investment trusts
Legal & General LGEN Life insurance
Lloyds Banking Group LLOY Banks
LondonMetric Property LMP Real Estate Investment Trusts
London Stock Exchange Group LSEG Financial services
M&G MNG Financial services
Marks & Spencer MKS Food & drug retailing
Melrose Industries MRO Aerospace & defence
Mondi MNDI Containers & packaging
National Grid plc NG Multiline utilities
NatWest Group NWG Banks
Next plc NXT General retailers
Pearson plc PSON Media
Pershing Square Holdings PSH Financial services
Persimmon PSN Household goods & home construction
Phoenix Group PHNX Life insurance
Prudential plc PRU Life insurance
Reckitt RKT Household goods & home construction
RELX REL Media
Rentokil Initial RTO Support services
Rightmove RMV Media
Rio Tinto RIO Mining
Rolls-Royce Holdings RR Aerospace & defence
Sage Group SGE Software & computer services
Sainsbury's SBRY Food & drug retailing
Schroders SDR Financial services
Scottish Mortgage Investment Trust SMT Collective investments
Segro SGRO Real estate investment trusts
Severn Trent SVT Multiline utilities
Shell plc SHEL Oil & gas producers
DS Smith SMDS General industrials
Smiths Group SMIN General industrials
Smith & Nephew SN Health care equipment & supplies
Spirax Group SPX Industrial engineering
SSE plc SSE Electrical utilities & independent power producers
Standard Chartered STAN Banks
Taylor Wimpey TW Household goods & home construction
Tesco TSCO Food & drug retailing
Unilever ULVR Personal goods
United Utilities UU Multiline utilities
Unite Group UTG Real estate investment trusts
Vistry Group VTY Home Construction
Vodafone Group VOD Mobile telecommunications
Weir Group WEIR Industrial goods and services
Whitbread WTB Retail hospitality
WPP plc WPP Media

Past constituents

edit

All changes are due to market capitalisation unless noted otherwise.

Source: "FTSE: FTSE 100 Constituent Changes" (PDF; 57.9 KB)

FT 30

edit
Main article: FT 30

The oldest continuous index in the UK is the FT 30, also known as the Financial Times Index or the FT Ordinary Index (FTOI).[219] It was established in 1935 and nowadays is largely obsolete due to its redundancy. It is similar to the Dow Jones Industrial Average, and companies listed are from the industrial and commercial sectors. Financial sector companies and government stocks are excluded.

Of the original constituents,[220] three are currently in the FTSE 100: Tate & Lyle, Imperial Tobacco and Rolls-Royce, although Rolls-Royce has not been continuously listed and Imperial Tobacco was a subsidiary of Hanson for a number of years, and is now renamed as Imperial Brands. Only one of the original FT 30 companies is still in that index:[221] Tate & Lyle (membership is not strictly based on market capitalisation, so this does not mean they are necessarily among the top thirty companies in the FTSE 100). The best performer from the original lineup has been Imperial Tobacco.[222]

See also

edit
Other lists
Stock market lists

References

edit
  1. ^ a b c "FTSE UK Index Series". LSEG. FTSE Russell. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
  2. ^ Michie 1999, pp. 573
  3. ^ Scott, Gordon. "LIFFE". investopedia. Retrieved 12 August 2020.
  4. ^ Kynaston 1997, pp. 131
  5. ^ "FTSE 100 index turns forty" (PDF). FTSE Russell. Retrieved 2 June 2024.
  6. ^ Michie 1999, pp. 574
  7. ^ "FTSE 100 index turns forty" (PDF). FTSE Russell. Retrieved 2 June 2024.
  8. ^ a b "FTSE constituents". London Stock Exchange. Retrieved 13 July 2024.
  9. ^ a b "FTSE overview". London Stock Exchange. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
  10. ^ a b c "FTSE 100 Index Factsheet". FTSE Russell. Archived from the original on 14 February 2024. Retrieved 3 February 2023.
  11. ^ "FTSE 100 Index – 30 years old today". Stock Market Almanack. 3 January 2014. Archived from the original on 23 September 2020. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
  12. ^ Ground Rules for the Management of The UK Series of the FTSE Actuaries Share Indices (section 5) Archived 8 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^ everydayinvestor (19 April 2019). "What is the FTSE 100 and why does it go up or down?". everyday investor. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  14. ^ Atkins, Ralph; Elder, Bryce (3 September 2014). "FTSE 100 hits new record high on sterling weakness". businessinsider.co.uk. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
  15. ^ "Which indices best represent the economy?". Hargreaves Lansdown. Archived from the original on 2 June 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  16. ^ a b "Guide to calculation" (PDF). London Stock Exchange. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
  17. ^ "Historical FTSE Intraday Futures Data (QFA)". PortaraCQG. Retrieved 16 September 2022.
  18. ^ Wearden, Graeme (23 April 2024). "FTSE 100 hits record high as shares rise amid hopes of interest rate cuts". The Guardian.
  19. ^ Kashyap, Pranav; Agarwal, Purvi; Shankar, Sruthi (15 May 2024). "Housing stocks push FTSE 100 to a record close". Reuters. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
  20. ^ "RND". www.hec.unil.ch. Archived from the original on 13 August 2019. Retrieved 20 January 2020.
  21. ^ "FTSE 100 Index (United Kingdom) Yearly Stock Returns". www.1stock1.com. Archived from the original on 23 April 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2020.
  22. ^ "FTSE 100 (^FTSE) Charts, Data & News - Yahoo Finance". finance.yahoo.com. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
  23. ^ "FTSE 100 rallies 14.3% in 2021, its best year since 2016 – as it happened". TheGuardian.com. 31 December 2021. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
  24. ^ "Darktrace (UK): Constituent Deletion - Update Changes in FTSE UK Index Series". FTSE Russell. 26 September 2024. Retrieved 30 September 2024.
  25. ^ "FTSE 100 constituents shares prices". London Stock Exchange. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
  26. ^ Buoyant Lloyds TSB offloads insurer Abbey Life The Guardian, 1 August 2007
  27. ^ William Kay (6 September 2004). "HBOS fury as EU backs Santander's Abbey bid". The Independent. London.
  28. ^ "A&L shareholders approve takeover". BBC News. 16 September 2008. Retrieved 17 September 2008.
  29. ^ "Terra Firma drops Boots bid plan". BBC News. 24 April 2007. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  30. ^ Pernod Ricard successfully completes acquisition of Allied Domecq Archived 3 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine, from the Pernod Ricard website
  31. ^ Unification of companies Archived 26 January 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  32. ^ a b "General Electric buys Amersham". BBC. 10 October 2003. Retrieved 12 June 2009.
  33. ^ "BSkyB agrees £125m Amstrad deal". BBC News. 31 July 2007. Retrieved 31 July 2007.
  34. ^ "Argos attacks GUS offer". BBC News. 26 February 1998. Retrieved 13 October 2009.
  35. ^ "Argyll Group plc intends a stock buy back". Archived from the original on 18 July 2012. Retrieved 24 September 2011.
  36. ^ Worms & Cie launches tender offer
  37. ^ "SoftBank finally completes £24bn ARM takeover". Silicon Republic. 5 December 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
  38. ^ "Wal-Mart buys Asda in UK retail shock". Eurofood. 17 June 1999. Retrieved 6 April 2008.
  39. ^ "CMA clears NortonLifeLock's £6bn Avast takeover". UK Tech News. 2 September 2022. Retrieved 9 September 2022.
  40. ^ "Aveva shares suspended on Wednesday amid Schneider deal". Shares Magazine. 16 January 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2023.
  41. ^ The Economist, The man who bought trouble. Consulted on 18 July 2007.
  42. ^ International Trader Archived 21 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  43. ^ a b "Bank of Scotland and Halifax agree merger". BBC News. 4 May 2001. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  44. ^ Bass to become Six Continents The Guardian, 27 June 2001
  45. ^ a b c d "The Glaxo SmithKline merger". BBC News. 17 January 2000. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  46. ^ Bryan, Victoria (14 October 2008). "Enodis sees FY profit ahead of its view". Reuters. Retrieved 24 November 2008.
  47. ^ Rumours of Rentokil bid boost BET Archived 26 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine The Independent, 15 February 1996
  48. ^ Jess McHugh (15 February 2016). "Shell-BG Group Acquisition Complete, As Energy Giant Focuses on Liquefied Natural Gas". International Business Times. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
  49. ^ "BHP poised for FTSE 100 exit after shareholders back unification". Financial Times. 20 January 2022. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 27 January 2022.
  50. ^ "Shake-up will see BICC change to Balfour Beatty". Findarticles.com. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  51. ^ "Tony Berry, former Chairman, Blue Arrow". Managementtoday.co.uk. Retrieved 25 October 2012.[permanent dead link]
  52. ^ Lafarge bags Blue Circle The Daily Telegraph (London), 7 January 2001
  53. ^ Statement on Linde homepage Archived 5 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine
  54. ^ Bowater to change name to Rexam Plasteurope, 31 May 1995
  55. ^ Avanex and Bookham become Oclaro Archived 1 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine Compound Semiconductor, 28 April 2009
  56. ^ "BPB accepts bid from French firm". BBC News. 17 November 2005. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  57. ^ "Spanish bank giant to acquire B&B". BBC News. 29 September 2008. Retrieved 29 September 2008.
  58. ^ Brambles ditches London listing The Telegraph, 30 November 2005
  59. ^ BAe set to sign A8bn GEC deal with merger The Guardian, 19 January 1999
  60. ^ "Iberia expects to complete merger with British Airways in January". Daily Nation. 27 October 2010. Retrieved 18 November 2010.
  61. ^ "BHS sold to M&S raider". BBC News. 27 March 2000. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  62. ^ a b "India's Tata wins race for Corus". BBC. 31 January 2007. Retrieved 26 November 2007.
  63. ^ Law Lords Department. "Judgments – Soden and Another v. British & Commonwealth Holdings Plc. and Others". Publications.parliament.uk. Retrieved 6 February 2011.
  64. ^ Competition Commission Report 1988 Page 10[usurped]
  65. ^ a b "Investors back BTR Siebe merger". Findarticles.com. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  66. ^ "BP buys Burmah Castrol". BBC News. 14 March 2000. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  67. ^ "Arcadia's clearance sale". BBC News. 4 April 2001. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  68. ^ "Vodafone acquires Cable & Wireless Worldwide". Marketing Week. 23 April 2012. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
  69. ^ "Cadbury agrees Kraft takeover bid". BBC News. London. 19 January 2010. Retrieved 19 January 2010.
  70. ^ a b "ITV shares on London stock market". BBC News. 2 February 2004. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  71. ^ Timmons, Heather (19 May 2004). "Belgian drugmaker seeks to buy Celltec". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  72. ^ Richard Wray (9 October 2002). "Jobs cull logical in Logica / CMG deal". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  73. ^ Weiss exits Guinness Peat but stays on at Coats The Australian, 1 April 2011
  74. ^ a b c "CGU and Norwich Union merge". BBC News. 21 February 2000. Retrieved 2 November 2010.
  75. ^ Obituary: Lord Hanson[dead link] The Times, 3 November 2004
  76. ^ Akzo Nobel Buys Courtaulds & Columbian Firm Adhesives Age, 1 June 1998
  77. ^ "CRH shareholders approve listing switch from London to New York". Financial Times. 8 June 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  78. ^ PIC International Group PLC Changes Name to Sygen International plc[dead link] PR Newswire, 2001
  79. ^ "Thoma Bravo to buy UK's Darktrace for around $5.3 bln". Reuters. 26 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
  80. ^ "Dechra Pharmaceuticals agrees £4.5bn takeover deal with Swedish private equity firm". Business Live. 2 June 2023. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
  81. ^ "NTT buys South Africa's Dimension Data". BBC News. 14 July 2010. Retrieved 14 July 2010.
  82. ^ Guinness directors showed 'contempt for truth' BBC, 28 November 1997
  83. ^ a b DSG, formerly known as Dixons, is now renamed ... Dixons The Telegraph, 25 June 2010
  84. ^ British engineering firms merger moves forward New York Times, 1992
  85. ^ "Eagle Star at Euroarchive". Euroarchiveguide.org. 15 September 1904. Archived from the original on 31 July 2012. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  86. ^ a b Texas raises Energy bid to £4.46bn BBC News, 3 March 1998
  87. ^ Imetal to Buy ECC For $1.2 Billion ICIS, 8 February 1999
  88. ^ Andrews, Amanda (24 December 2007). "Guardian and Apax snap up a fifth of Emap". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 12 June 2011. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
  89. ^ "Profile: British music giant EMI". BBC News. 15 January 2008. Retrieved 16 March 2008.
  90. ^ Odell, Mark (15 August 2005). "C&W set to win Energis race". News.ft.com. Archived from the original on 4 December 2005. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  91. ^ "Royal Dutch/Shell Will Buy Enterprise Oil of Britain". The New York Times. 3 April 2002. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  92. ^ Chairman is appointed at Exco International New York Times, 8 January 1987
  93. ^ Deutsche Post (14 December 2005). "Deutsche Post DHL Completes Acquisition of Exel". Archived from the original on 22 October 2008. Retrieved 7 November 2008.
  94. ^ "Plumbing outfit set to follows BHP's FTSE 100 exit in May this year". Shares Magazine. 12 March 2022. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
  95. ^ Ferranti Timeline Archived 3 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine – Museum of Science and Industry (Accessed 17 February 2009)
  96. ^ Door still open for agreed takeover of Fisons Archived 19 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine The Independent, 22 August 1995
  97. ^ "Flutter shareholders vote to move listing from London to New York". The Guardian. 1 May 2024. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  98. ^ a b "Granada buys maximum stake". findarticles.com. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  99. ^ "BBC NEWS - Business - French rival clinches Freeserve deal". bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  100. ^ "Aviva and Friends Life rise in first day as a merged company". The Telegraph. 13 April 2015. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  101. ^ "Friends backs Resolution takeover". BBC News. 11 August 2009.
  102. ^ Gallaher agrees £7.5bn Japan Tobacco takeover The Scotsman
  103. ^ "Co-op buys Somerfield for £1.57bn". bbc.co.uk. 16 July 2008. Retrieved 16 July 2008.
  104. ^ Oates, John (25 October 2005). "Ericsson buys Marconi". Theregister.co.uk. Retrieved 5 June 2010.
  105. ^ a b "BBC NEWS - Business - Wimpey and Woodrow agree to merge". bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  106. ^ Closed-End Funds Open Plays for the Intrepid Investor International Herald Tribune, 21 January 1995
  107. ^ "Catering & Hospitality News". Archived from the original on 29 December 2012. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  108. ^ "Group completes De Vere buy-up". Liverpool Daily Post. 6 September 2006.
  109. ^ a b Spirits soar at Diageo Archived 26 May 2012 at archive.today Food & Drug Packaging, July 2005
  110. ^ Axa of France to buy Guardian of Britain New York Times, 2 February 1999
  111. ^ "Breaking News, World News & Multimedia".
  112. ^ "GVC shareholders overwhelmingly back rebrand to Entain". iGaming Business. 9 December 2020. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
  113. ^ "Mothercare chief executive ousted after fourth profits warning in under a year". The Independent. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  114. ^ Openwork: History Archived 22 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  115. ^ Richard Blackden (15 May 2007). "Heidelberg to buy Hanson for £8bn". Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  116. ^ "AIM25 collection description". aim25.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 24 February 2015. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  117. ^ Brush Traction: History Archived 10 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  118. ^ "Lloyds TSB Seals Merger with HBOS". BBC News. 17 September 2008. Retrieved 17 September 2008.
  119. ^ "Hicks, Muse Buying a British Food Company". The New York Times. 15 May 1999. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  120. ^ "Homeserve says conditions for takeover by Brookfield met". Morning Srtar. 14 December 2022. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  121. ^ "BBC NEWS - Business - House of Fraser agrees Baugur bid". bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  122. ^ Armitstead, Louise (5 August 2007). "Dutch poised to clinch £8bn ICI takeover". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 12 June 2011. Retrieved 5 January 2008.
  123. ^ "Gulf Resources & Chemical Corporation". Archived from the original on 1 February 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
  124. ^ RWE is set to buy Innogy New York Times, 18 March 2002
  125. ^ Scott, Mark (16 April 2012). "GDF Suez to Buy Remaining Stake in British Utility for $10 Billion". The New York Times. Retrieved 6 June 2012.
  126. ^ "LSE to replace Invesco in UK's FTSE 100". Reuters. 30 November 2007. Retrieved 1 December 2007.[dead link]
  127. ^ "The Years 1989 to 1996". Jaguar Cars Ltd. Archived from the original on 7 December 2008. Retrieved 10 May 2007.
  128. ^ "FTSE Nationality Review of Companies Amendment". FTSE Russell. 9 August 2021. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
  129. ^ "Kelda Group PLC (UK): Scheme of Arrangement". FTSE Group. 4 February 2008. Archived from the original on 16 May 2011. Retrieved 18 February 2008.
  130. ^ Larkin, Nicholas (8 February 2008). "Montagu, Partners to Buy Biffa for 1.2 Billion Pounds". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 21 March 2010. Retrieved 18 February 2008.
  131. ^ Kingston Communications changes name to KCOM Group Archived 27 July 2012 at the Wayback Machine Comms Dealer, 16 August 2007
  132. ^ "Kwik Save weighs heavily on Somerfield results". FoodAndDrinkEurope.com (Decision News Media SAS). 9 April 2003. Retrieved 5 May 2007.
  133. ^ Rockwood launched Archived 19 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine Chemical Market Reporter, December 2000
  134. ^ Eni swoops on Lasmo BBC News, 21 December 2000
  135. ^ Grid and Lattice form utility supergroup The Telegraph, 22 April 2002
  136. ^ "ppl n org rep - Unilever". Retrieved 14 April 2017.
  137. ^ London Electricity goes to France BBC News, 30 November 1998
  138. ^ The Investment Case – Lonmin plc Moneyweb, 1 April 2011
  139. ^ a b "TRW Is Near Deal to Buy Lucas Varity". The New York Times. 26 January 1999. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  140. ^ Berisford International PLC acquires Magnet Ltd(Water Meadow Hldg) from Magnet Group PLC Alacrastore, 3 March 1994
  141. ^ Bankruptcy Explanation By Maxwell New York Times, 18 December 1991
  142. ^ "Novar plc - Company Profile, Information, Business Description, History, Background Information on Novar plc". referenceforbusiness.com. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  143. ^ "Meggitt takeover by Parker-Hannifin approved by UK court". Morning Star. 9 September 2022. Retrieved 12 September 2022.
  144. ^ Harrold heralds start of new era at MEPC: Hermes man outlines new business plan for developer Property Week, 24 October 2003
  145. ^ Merrill cleared to buy British Fund Manager New York Times, 24 December 1997
  146. ^ MFI sells store chain in £1 deal BBC News, 22 September 2006
  147. ^ "Aquila Completes Purchase of Ownership Interest in Midlands Electricity". Business Wire. 8 May 2002. Retrieved 5 September 2008.
  148. ^ "HSBC - Page no longer exists" (PDF). hsbc.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  149. ^ "Morrisons: US firm wins auction to take over supermarket chain". BBC News. 2 October 2021. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
  150. ^ Farrelly, Paul RBS issues ultimatum in £27bn bid for NatWest The Observer, 28 November 1999
  151. ^ NFC and Ocean forge £3.2bn alliance to exploit e-commerce Archived 17 June 2010 at the Wayback Machine The Independent, 22 February 2000
  152. ^ Boparan wins Northern Foods with £341m bid FT.com
  153. ^ "Northern Rock to be nationalised". BBC News. 17 February 2008. Retrieved 8 April 2008.
  154. ^ "Telefonica bids £18 billion for U.K.'s O2". BBC News. 31 October 2005. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
  155. ^ "Old Mutual's African arm lists on the JSE as 'managed separation' continues". Fin 24. 26 June 2018. Retrieved 26 June 2018.
  156. ^ "France Télécom to buy Orange for £25.1bn". The Independent. London. 30 May 2000. Archived from the original on 10 February 2009. Retrieved 26 December 2008.
  157. ^ "Gambling firms Partygaming and Bwin reveal merger plan". BBC News. 29 July 2010. Retrieved 29 July 2010.
  158. ^ P&O agrees bid from Dubai Ports BBC News, 29 November 2005
  159. ^ EC Clears Carnival and P&O Princess Merge Marinelink, 11 February 2003
  160. ^ "Pilkington in Japanese takeover". BBC News. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  161. ^ "Circuit Breakers, Fusegear, Isolators, Fuse Switches – IPD Group Limited". Archived from the original on 29 March 2010.
  162. ^ Bates, Stephen (26 August 2010). "How Polly Peck went from hero to villain in the City". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 26 August 2010.
  163. ^ "E.ON completes Its acquisition of Powergen". WaybackMachine. Archived from the original on 26 December 2010. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
  164. ^ "E.ON to buy Powergen".[permanent dead link]
  165. ^ Thomson-CSF seals Racal deal BBC News (13 January 2000) Accessed 20 January 2006
  166. ^ Railtrack goes bankrupt with debts of £3.3bn Archived 12 March 2011 at the Wayback Machine Independent, 8 October 2001
  167. ^ "Canada's Barrick Gold to buy Randgold Resources in $18.3 billion deal". Reuters. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
  168. ^ RHM agrees £1.2bn Premier Foods bid Times-on-line, 4 December 2006
  169. ^ Reckitt & Coleman announce further delay to Dutch merger Archived 19 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine The Independent, 7 November 1999.
  170. ^ Redlands needs White Knights Archived 10 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine, The Independent, 16 October 1997
  171. ^ Edward A. Gargan (6 October 1994). "Reed-Elsevier Building Big Presence in the U.S." The New York Times. Retrieved 18 February 2008.
  172. ^ "Our history". friendslifegroup.com. Archived from the original on 15 February 2015. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  173. ^ Odoi, Antoinette (17 November 2007). "Resolution board says yes to £5bn Pearl bid". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 29 April 2008.
  174. ^ "Ball Corporation (BLL) Gets FTC's Final Nod for Rexam Buy". Finance.yahoo.com. 29 June 2016. Retrieved 17 September 2016.
  175. ^ Mexican firm buys RMC for £2.3bn[usurped]
  176. ^ BAT will buy Rothmans New York Times, 12 January 1999
  177. ^ St James's Place: Our History Archived 24 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  178. ^ "Suchard Drops Out". The New York Times. 25 June 1988. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  179. ^ a b Smooth merger of Sun Alliance and Royal Insurance Archived 19 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine The Banker, June 1996
  180. ^ Sweney, Mark (18 November 2020). "RSA agrees £7.2bn takeover by two overseas insurers". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
  181. ^ Saatchi falls to Publicis BBC News, 20 June 2000
  182. ^ Rankine, Kate (16 December 2003). "Wm Morrison tables £3bn bid for Safeway". Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  183. ^ "Enlarged AB InBev expected to play tough on barley prices". Financial Times. 10 October 2016. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
  184. ^ "S&N accepts £7.8bn takeover deal". BBC News. 25 January 2008. Retrieved 1 January 2009.
  185. ^ a b Two electric suppliers in Britain to merge New York Times, 2 September 1998
  186. ^ Iberdrola to buy Scottish Power for £11.6bn International Herald Tribune, 28 November 2006
  187. ^ "Sears turns to Green". BBC News. 21 January 1999. Retrieved 28 February 2009.
  188. ^ Group 4 Falck and Securicor plc announce terms of merger Archived 19 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine Nordic Business Report, 24 February 2004
  189. ^ Marsh & McLennan to Buy Big British Insurance Broker New York Times, 26 August 1998
  190. ^ Relief for Sema shareholders at Schlumberger buy-out[dead link] The Independent, 12 February 2001
  191. ^ Shell shareholders agree merger BBC News, 2005
  192. ^ "Takeda completes Shire acquisition". Pharma Times. 8 January 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2019.
  193. ^ "Comcast to buy remaining Sky shares after bid gets 95% acceptance". Stock Market Wire. 12 October 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
  194. ^ Proposed Merger of Smiths Industries plc: "Smiths Industries" and "TI Group" Archived 19 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine Business Wire, 17 November 2000
  195. ^ "Smurfit Kappa, WestRock to combine to create $20 billion packaging giant". RTÉ News. 12 September 2023.
  196. ^ Telecom bid to buy STC New York Times, 9 November 1990
  197. ^ "Storehouse - market intelligence". ukbusinesspark.co.uk. Archived from the original on 17 May 2014. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  198. ^ a b Sun Life Stock soars as Axa ups bid to £24bn for remaining stake Archived 26 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine Independent, 3 May 2000
  199. ^ "Tarmac Agrees Takeover". BBC News. 5 November 1999. Retrieved 22 January 2007.
  200. ^ "NTL seals $6bn takeover". BBC News. 3 October 2005. Retrieved 1 January 2009.
  201. ^ Thames to agree £4.3bn RWE takeover Archived 19 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine The Independent (London), 25 September 2000
  202. ^ "Company History". thomsonreuters.com. Thomson Reuters. Archived from the original on 19 May 2011. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  203. ^ a b Normura will buy Thorn plc Archived 5 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine The Boston Globe, 1 July 1998
  204. ^ C&W makes offer for Thus Reuters, 30 June 2008
  205. ^ "Engineering rivals to merge". BBC News. 18 September 2000. Retrieved 25 September 2006.
  206. ^ "Tomkins agrees to £2.9bn takeover deal". BBC News. 27 July 2010. Retrieved 27 July 2010.
  207. ^ Kvaerner Is Close to Bidding for Troubled Group: Lifeline for Trafalgar House? International Herald Tribune, 28 February 1996
  208. ^ Lloyds Bank to merge with TSB Group New York Times, 12 October 1995
  209. ^ Topham, Gwyn (27 June 2014). "Tui agrees £4.5bn merger with British subsidiary Tui Travel". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
  210. ^ Aglionby, John (15 September 2014). "Tui Travel and Tui AG agree merger terms". Financial Times. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
  211. ^ "Unigate becomes Uniq". Eurofood. 2000. Retrieved 3 January 2009.
  212. ^ "Blackstone and PAI complete purchase of UB" (Press release). United Biscuits. 15 December 2006. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 12 April 2007.
  213. ^ Swiss Bank in deal to buy S.G. Warburg New York Times, 11 May 1995
  214. ^ Williams plunges 14% as margins shrink Archived 26 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine Independent, 19 July 2000
  215. ^ a b "Our History".
  216. ^ "Vantiv officially completes Worldpay acquisition". Mobile Payments Today. 16 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
  217. ^ Barclays buys rival Woolwich BBC News, 11 August 2000
  218. ^ "The Lowdown: McKillop gives his opponents the treatment". The Independent. London. 21 September 2003. Retrieved 5 July 2011.[dead link]
  219. ^ The History Channel - Financial Times Index Archived 5 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 8 August 2008
  220. ^ "FT30 - the UK's oldest surviving stock market index - FT.com". ft.com. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  221. ^ Remaining companies in the FT30
  222. ^ Eckett, Stephen (ed.) (2004), The UK Stock Market Almanac 2005, Petersfield, Harriman House. ISBN 1-897597-46-0

Sources

edit
  • Michie, Ranald C. (1999), The London Stock Exchange: A History, New York: Oxford University Press Inc., ISBN 978-0-199-24255-9
  • Kynaston, David (1997), LIFFE: A Market and its Makers, Cambridge: Granta Editions, ISBN 1-85757-056-1


edit
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=FTSE_100_Index&oldid=1255484799"