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Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations

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An under-secretary-general of the United Nations (USG) is a senior official within the United Nations System, normally appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the secretary-general for a renewable term of four years. Under-secretary-general is the third highest rank in the United Nations, after the secretary-general and the deputy secretary-general. The rank is held by the heads of different UN entities, certain high officials of the United Nations Secretariat, and high-level envoys. The United Nations regards the rank as equal to that of a cabinet minister of a member state, and under-secretaries-general have diplomatic immunity under the UN Charter.

Under-Secretary-General
of the United Nations
Emblem of the United Nations
Flag of the United Nations
StyleHis/Her Excellency
Constituting instrumentUnited Nations Charter
Websiteun.org/

Appointment and accountability

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The majority of USGs are appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the secretary-general for a fixed term of four years. Others (normally special envoys, Secretariat-appointees and non-programme management positions) are appointed directly by the UN secretary-general on his own authority. However, all USGs report to the General Assembly through the secretary-general. The only exception to this is the under-secretary-general for internal oversight services, who reports directly to the General Assembly.

The distinction in method of appointment is important as USGs appointed by the General Assembly have a mandate independent of the secretary-general, and he is therefore unable to remove them from office without the General Assembly's consent. This restriction has been seen by many commentators to weaken the secretary-general's ability to provide strong leadership and management within the United Nations System.

Equivalent rank

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Some senior posts within the UN System have the equivalent rank of under-secretary-general but are either not entitled or choose not to use the formal title. The most prominent example of this is the administrator of the United Nations Development Programme, who is often referred to as the third most senior official within the UN System yet does not use the title of under-secretary-general. The UN high commissioner for human rights also has the rank of under-secretary-general, yet does not use the title.[1]

Diplomatic rank

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USGs have diplomatic rank equivalent to that of a national cabinet minister. Under Article 105 of the United Nations Charter they have diplomatic immunity.

Senior Management Group (SMG)

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With over 50 people with the rank of under-secretary-general, unsurprisingly the influence and power they wield within the UN System varies dramatically. The most important USGs, controlling budgets, programmes or key activities, are also members of the United Nations Senior Management Group, whose objective is to ensure strategic coherence and direction in the work of the organization. The cabinet was approved by the General Assembly in 1997 as part of the reform proposal submitted by Secretary-General Kofi Annan.

List of under-secretaries-general

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The following is a list of under-secretaries-general or those with equivalent rank. This list is not exhaustive. Members of the SMG are indicated by an asterisk (*).[2]

Programmes and commissions

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Secretariat officials

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Advisers

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  • Bience Gawanas* – Under-Secretary-General, Special Adviser on Africa
  • Alice Wairimu Nderitu* – Under-Secretary-General, Special Adviser to the Secretary-General on the Prevention of Genocide
  • Philippe Douste-Blazy – Special Adviser to the Secretary-General on Innovative Financing for Development
  • Paul Farmer* – Special Adviser to the Secretary-General for community-based medicine and lessons from Haiti
  • Kim Won-soo – Under-Secretary-General, Special Adviser to the Secretary-General
  • Nicolas Michel* – Special Adviser to the Secretary-General and Mediator in the border dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Gabon
  • George William Okoth-Obbo – Special Adviser to the Secretary-General on the Responsibility to Protect (since 2021)[8]
  • Joseph Verner Reed, Jr. – Special Adviser to the Secretary-General
  • Iqbal Riza* – Under-Secretary-General, Special Adviser to the Secretary-General
  • Jeffrey Sachs – Senior Adviser to the Secretary-General on the Millennium Development Goals (2004–2006), Director of the United Nations Millennium Project
  • Espen Barth Eide* – Special Adviser to the Secretary-General on Cyprus (2014–2017)
  • Vijay Nambiar* – Special Adviser to the Secretary-General (2012–2016)
  • Wilfried Lemke – Special Adviser to the Secretary-General on Sport for Development and Peace (2008–2016)

Special envoys

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  • Gordon Brown* - Special Envoy for Global Education
  • Ray Chambers* - Special Envoy for Malaria
  • Michel Kazatchkine* - Special Envoy for HIV/AIDS in Eastern Europe and Central Asia
  • Nicholas Haysom* - Under-Secretary-General, Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Sudan and South Sudan
  • Hanna Tetteh* - Under-Secretary-General, Head of United Nations Office to the African Union
  • Matthew Nimetz* - Under-Secretary-General, Personal Envoy of the Secretary-General for the Greece-FYROM Talks
  • J.V. Prasada Rao* - Special Envoy for AIDS in Asia & Pacific
  • Mary Robinson - Special Envoy on Climate Change
  • Terje Rød-Larsen* - Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the implementation of Security Council resolution 1559/2004
  • Jacques Rogge* - Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Youth Refugees and Sport
  • Christopher Ross* - Personal Envoy of the Secretary-General for Western Sahara
  • Hiroute Guebre Sellassie* - Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the Sahel
  • Mirko Manzoni - Under-Secretary-General, Personal Envoy of the Secretary-General for Mozambique
  • Noeleen Heyzer - Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Myanmar

Other very senior UN positions

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Deputy secretary-general

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The deputy secretary-general is the second highest-ranking official in the UN System after the secretary-general. Amina Mohammed is the current office holder.[9]

Assistant secretary-general

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An assistant secretary-general sits beneath an under-secretary-general within the UN hierarchy. Assistant secretaries-general are often deputies within departments or programmes, reporting to their respective under-secretary-general and through him or her to the UN secretary-general.

References

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  1. ^ "Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights". Britannica. Retrieved 8 February 2022.
  2. ^ Edward Kwakwa, Globalization and International Organizations, 2017, [1]
  3. ^ "Office of the Executive Secretary". United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia. Archived from the original on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2011.
  4. ^ "Biography of Executive Secretary Shamshad Akhtar". United Nations ESCAP. Archived from the original on 5 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
  5. ^ "Our Executive Director". UN-Habitat. Archived from the original on 26 April 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2019.
  6. ^ "Ambassador Cindy McCain takes the helm at WFP at critical moment for global food security | World Food Programme". www.wfp.org. 5 April 2023. Retrieved 17 September 2023.
  7. ^ "Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict". Stop Rape Now. Archived from the original on 4 January 2018. Retrieved 23 January 2018.
  8. ^ "Secretary-General Appoints George William Okoth-Obbo of Uganda Special Adviser on Responsibility to Protect". United Nations (Press release). 6 December 2021. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
  9. ^ "Amina J. Mohammed: Deputy Secretary-General". United Nations. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
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