United Kingdom–Yugoslavia relations

United Kingdom–Yugoslavia relations (Serbo-Croatian: Odnosi Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva i Jugoslavije, Односи Уједињеног Краљевства и Југославије; Slovene: Odnosi med Veliko Britanijo in Jugoslavijo; Macedonian: Односите Обединетото Кралство-Југославија) were historical foreign relations between United Kingdom and former Yugoslavia (Kingdom of Yugoslavia 1918-1941 and Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 1945–1992). Relations between United Kingdom and independent South Slavic states (primarily Serbia) developed before creation of Yugoslavia following the decline of the Ottoman Empire.

History

Kingdom of Yugoslavia

In the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, the UK was perceived as a friendly country and natural ally in European and international affairs. Serb elites, based mostly in Belgrade, like Slobodan Jovanović and Bogdan Bogdanović considered that Serbs and the English shared a joint values.^[1]^{[page needed]} Following the Yugoslav coup d'état, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia entered World War II on the Allied side.

World War II

A British Army mission headed by Fitzroy Maclean was sent to Yugoslav Partisans in September 1943 while Yugoslav mission arrived in London in May 1944.^[2] British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Marshal of Yugoslavia Josip Broz Tito met in Naples on 12 August 1944.^[2]

Socialist Yugoslavia

The secret percentages agreement signed between Joseph Stalin and Winston Churchill dividing Eastern Europe into spheres of influence stipulated that Yugoslavia would be split "50/50" between British and Soviet influence.^[3] The United Kingdom recognized the new socialist government in Yugoslavia in March 1945.^[2] The first years after the war were negatively affected by Yugoslav support for the Democratic Army of Greece during the Greek Civil War and the Free Territory of Trieste dispute. Following the Tito–Stalin split of 1948 the Labour government developed a friendly relationship with the anti-Stalinist League of Communists of Yugoslavia beginning in the 1950s.^[4] Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin defined the post-1948 British policy of keeping Tito's government afloat while the two countries signed their first trade agreement in 1948 and an agreement of nationalized property in 1949.^[5]^[2] Anthony Eden visited the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in September 1952.^[5] President of Yugoslavia Josip Broz Tito visited United Kingdom in 1953 in his first official state visit to any Western Bloc country.^[5] Edvard Kardelj followed with his visit to UK in 1955 while Selwyn Lloyd visited Belgrade in 1957.^[2] Social Security Convention was signed in 1958, Consular Convention and technical cooperation agreement in 1966, scientific cooperation agreement in 1968 and agreement on abolition of visas in 1969.^[2] In 1971 United Kingdom was fourth trade partner of Yugoslavia after West Germany, Italy and USSR.^[2] In 1981 two countries signed an Income Tax Treaty.^[6]

Tito and Churchill in 1944
Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma on Brijuni islands in 1952
Anthony Eden in Belgrade, 1952.
John Harding, 1st Baron Harding of Petherton in Zagreb in 1953
Margot Fonteyn in Belgrade in 1954.
Queen Elizabeth II and Josip Broz Tito in Belgrade in 1972

References

Citations

^ Gašić 2005.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Srdanov, Boško; Vučeković, Zora (1974). "Relations Between Yugoslavia and Great Britain". Yugoslav Survey. A Record of Facts and Information. XV (2): 143–170.
^ Reynolds, David (2009). Summits: Six Meetings That Shaped the Twentieth Century. New York: Basic Books. pp. 107–108. ISBN 978-0-7867-4458-9. OCLC 646810103.
^ Djokić, Dejan (2006). "Britain and Dissent in Tito's Yugoslavia: The Djilas Affair, ca. 1956". European History Quarterly. 36 (3): 371–395. doi:10.1177/0265691406065280. S2CID 145301008.
^ ^a ^b ^c Spehnjak, Katarina (2001). "Posjet Josipa Broza Tita Velikoj Britaniji 1953. godine". Časopis Za Suvremenu Povijest. 33 (3): 597–631.
^ Cleave, Brian (2013). "The Kljun (2012) Case: The Concept of Economic Employer under the United Kingdom-Yugoslavia Income Tax Treaty (1981)". Bulletin for International Taxation. 67 (10): 516. ProQuest 1469719568.

Works cited

Gašić, Ranka (2005). Beograd u hodu ka Evropi: Kulturni uticaji Britanije i Nemačke na beogradsku elitu 1918–1941. Belgrade: Institut za savremenu istoriju. ISBN 86-7403-085-8.

[FOOTNOTEGašić2005-1] Gašić 2005.

[Yugoslav_Survey-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Srdanov, Boško; Vučeković, Zora (1974). "Relations Between Yugoslavia and Great Britain". Yugoslav Survey. A Record of Facts and Information. XV (2): 143–170.

[3] Reynolds, David (2009). Summits: Six Meetings That Shaped the Twentieth Century. New York: Basic Books. pp. 107–108. ISBN 978-0-7867-4458-9. OCLC 646810103.

[Djokić-4] Djokić, Dejan (2006). "Britain and Dissent in Tito's Yugoslavia: The Djilas Affair, ca. 1956". European History Quarterly. 36 (3): 371–395. doi:10.1177/0265691406065280. S2CID 145301008.

[Spehnjak-5] Spehnjak, Katarina (2001). "Posjet Josipa Broza Tita Velikoj Britaniji 1953. godine". Časopis Za Suvremenu Povijest. 33 (3): 597–631.

[Income_Tax_Treaty-6] Cleave, Brian (2013). "The Kljun (2012) Case: The Concept of Economic Employer under the United Kingdom-Yugoslavia Income Tax Treaty (1981)". Bulletin for International Taxation. 67 (10): 516. ProQuest 1469719568.

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