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1964 United States presidential election in Alabama

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Main article: 1964 United States presidential election

The 1964 United States presidential election in Alabama was held on November 3, 1964. Alabama voters chose ten representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice-president. In Alabama, voters voted for electors individually instead of as a slate, as in the other states.

1964 United States presidential election in Alabama
← 1960 November 3, 1964 (1964-11-03) 1968 →
 
Nominee Barry Goldwater Unpledged electors
Party Republican Democratic
Home state Arizona —
Running mate William E. Miller —
Electoral vote 10 0
Popular vote 479,085 210,732
Percentage 69.45% 30.55%
County Results
President before election

Lyndon B. Johnson
Democratic

Elected President

Lyndon B. Johnson
Democratic

Goldwater received 77% of the white vote.[1] As of the 2020 presidential election, this is the last time that Sumter County, Greene County, Wilcox County, Lowndes County and Bullock County voted for a Republican candidate, as well as the last time that Macon County did not vote for the national Democratic candidate.[2] Alabama was one of five states that swung more Republican in 1964, alongside Louisiana, Mississippi, Georgia, and South Carolina.

Campaign

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Alabama was central to the Civil rights movement in the 1960s.[3] Governor George Wallace condemned and refused to comply with the Civil Rights Act of 1964.[4] The primary chose a set of unpledged Democratic electors.[5] by a margin of five-to-one,[6] Under Wallace's guidance, the Alabama Democratic Party placed this slate of unpledged Democratic electors on the ballot,[7][8] against the advice of some legal scholars,[9] but after planning to run for president himself (as he would do in 1968), decided against this in July. Johnson was the third winning president-elect to not appear on the ballot in Alabama, after Abraham Lincoln in 1860 and Harry S. Truman in 1948.

Initially, it was expected that this slate – the only option for mainstream Democrats in Alabama – would be pledged to Wallace himself, but he released them from pledges to vote for him if elected.[10] Once campaigning began, Wallace supported Republican nominee Barry Goldwater over the unpledged slate,[11] although he did campaign for Democratic candidates for state and local offices.[12]

Predictions

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Source Rating As of
The Boston Globe[13] Safe R (Flip) August 2, 1964
The Wall Street Journal[14] Certain R (Flip) September 29, 1964
The Christian Science Monitor[15] Likely R (Flip) October 27, 1964
The Chicago Tribune[16] Safe R (Flip) October 29, 1964
Los Angeles Times[17] Safe R (Flip) November 1, 1964

Results

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General election results[18][19][20]
Party Pledged to Elector Votes
Republican Party Barry Goldwater Tom Abernethy 479,085
Republican Party Barry Goldwater Tammy Thomas 479,071
Republican Party Barry Goldwater Alfred Staples 478,925
Republican Party Barry Goldwater Tandy Little Jr. 478,540
Republican Party Barry Goldwater Wiley Deal 478,398
Republican Party Barry Goldwater Herbert Stockham 477,969
Republican Party Barry Goldwater Gordon Lawless 477,582
Republican Party Barry Goldwater Smith Lanier, II 477,339
Republican Party Barry Goldwater John E. Grenier 477,272
Republican Party Barry Goldwater Basil Horsfield 476,994
Democratic Party Unpledged James B. Allen 210,732
Democratic Party Unpledged MacDonald Gallion 209,848
Democratic Party Unpledged Edmund Blair 209,062
Democratic Party Unpledged Albert P. Brewer 208,059
Democratic Party Unpledged Pete Mathews 207,730
Democratic Party Unpledged Art Hanes 207,594
Democratic Party Unpledged Albert H. Evans Jr. 207,577
Democratic Party Unpledged Frank Mizell 207,357
Democratic Party Unpledged Jack Giles 207,144
Democratic Party Unpledged I. J. "Jud" Scott 206,618
Total votes 689,817

Results by county

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County Barry Goldwater
Republican 		Unpledged electors
Democratic 		Margin Total votes cast
# % # % # %
Autauga 2,969 85.83% 490 14.17% 2,479 71.66% 3,459
Baldwin 10,870 81.12% 2,530 18.88% 8,340 62.24% 13,400
Barbour 3,853 79.76% 978 20.24% 2,875 59.52% 4,831
Bibb 2,623 83.94% 502 16.06% 2,121 67.88% 3,125
Blount 4,442 64.67% 2,427 35.33% 2,015 29.34% 6,869
Bullock 1,516 57.64% 1,114 42.36% 402 15.28% 2,630
Butler 4,002 80.44% 973 19.56% 3,029 60.88% 4,975
Calhoun 10,635 63.13% 6,210 36.87% 4,425 26.26% 16,845
Chambers 4,630 64.42% 2,557 35.58% 2,073 28.84% 7,187
Cherokee 1,893 49.70% 1,916 50.30% -23 -0.60% 3,809
Chilton 5,202 75.97% 1,645 24.03% 3,557 51.94% 6,847
Choctaw 2,497 85.81% 413 14.19% 2,084 71.62% 2,910
Clarke 4,460 82.84% 924 17.16% 3,536 65.68% 5,384
Clay 2,815 70.13% 1,199 29.87% 1,616 40.26% 4,014
Cleburne 2,156 76.24% 672 23.76% 1,484 52.48% 2,828
Coffee 4,910 80.19% 1,213 19.81% 3,697 60.38% 6,123
Colbert 5,267 48.59% 5,573 51.41% -306 -2.82% 10,840
Conecuh 2,782 81.32% 639 18.68% 2,143 62.64% 3,421
Coosa 1,978 72.77% 740 27.23% 1,238 45.54% 2,718
Covington 7,554 82.33% 1,621 17.67% 5,933 64.66% 9,175
Crenshaw 3,008 78.66% 816 21.34% 2,192 57.32% 3,824
Cullman 7,152 58.33% 5,110 41.67% 2,042 16.66% 12,262
Dale 4,970 83.77% 963 16.23% 4,007 67.54% 5,933
Dallas 5,888 89.12% 719 10.88% 5,169 78.24% 6,607
DeKalb 6,746 57.69% 4,948 42.31% 1,798 15.38% 11,694
Elmore 6,363 83.77% 1,233 16.23% 5,130 67.54% 7,596
Escambia 5,623 74.47% 1,928 25.53% 3,695 48.94% 7,551
Etowah 12,894 59.06% 8,939 40.94% 3,955 18.12% 21,833
Fayette 3,203 71.34% 1,287 28.66% 1,916 42.68% 4,490
Franklin 4,025 56.41% 3,110 43.59% 915 12.82% 7,135
Geneva 4,502 80.74% 1,074 19.26% 3,428 61.48% 5,576
Greene 1,124 65.69% 587 34.31% 537 31.38% 1,711
Hale 1,898 77.60% 548 22.40% 1,350 55.20% 2,446
Henry 2,896 83.10% 589 16.90% 2,307 66.20% 3,485
Houston 10,353 87.93% 1,421 12.07% 8,932 75.86% 11,774
Jackson 2,730 46.47% 3,145 53.53% -415 -7.06% 5,875
Jefferson 100,756 72.57% 38,082 27.43% 62,674 45.14% 138,838
Lamar 2,734 72.42% 1,041 27.58% 1,693 44.84% 3,775
Lauderdale 5,978 47.55% 6,593 52.45% -615 -4.90% 12,571
Lawrence 1,809 50.00% 1,808 49.97% 1 0.03% 3,617
Lee 5,914 78.69% 1,602 21.31% 4,312 57.38% 7,516
Limestone 2,377 43.99% 3,027 56.01% -650 -12.02% 5,404
Lowndes 1,548 83.32% 310 16.68% 1,238 66.64% 1,858
Macon 1,858 38.46% 2,973 61.54% -1,115 -23.08% 4,831
Madison 14,279 51.93% 13,217 48.07% 1,062 3.86% 27,496
Marengo 3,677 82.33% 789 17.67% 2,888 64.66% 4,466
Marion 3,966 69.42% 1,747 30.58% 2,219 38.84% 5,713
Marshall 5,712 56.33% 4,428 43.67% 1,284 12.66% 10,140
Mobile 49,493 70.72% 20,488 29.28% 29,005 41.44% 69,981
Monroe 3,870 81.37% 886 18.63% 2,984 62.74% 4,756
Montgomery 23,015 75.47% 7,482 24.53% 15,533 50.94% 30,497
Morgan 7,013 56.64% 5,368 43.36% 1,645 13.28% 12,381
Perry 2,046 79.73% 520 20.27% 1,526 59.46% 2,566
Pickens 3,416 82.08% 746 17.92% 2,670 64.16% 4,162
Pike 4,373 84.49% 803 15.51% 3,570 68.98% 5,176
Randolph 3,127 62.65% 1,864 37.35% 1,263 25.30% 4,991
Russell 4,877 76.04% 1,537 23.96% 3,340 52.08% 6,414
St. Clair 4,813 70.76% 1,989 29.24% 2,824 41.52% 6,802
Shelby 6,037 75.65% 1,943 24.35% 4,094 51.30% 7,980
Sumter 1,653 80.32% 405 19.68% 1,248 60.64% 2,058
Talladega 8,946 70.67% 3,712 29.33% 5,234 41.34% 12,658
Tallapoosa 5,530 76.14% 1,733 23.86% 3,797 52.28% 7,263
Tuscaloosa 13,227 68.67% 6,036 31.33% 7,191 37.34% 19,263
Walker 8,582 58.41% 6,110 41.59% 2,472 16.82% 14,692
Washington 2,803 70.18% 1,191 29.82% 1,612 40.36% 3,994
Wilcox 1,789 91.93% 157 8.07% 1,632 83.86% 1,946
Winston 3,438 71.19% 1,391 28.81% 2,047 42.38% 4,829
Totals 479,085 69.45% 210,732 30.55% 268,353 38.90% 689,817

Counties that flipped from Democratic to Republican

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Counties that flipped from Democratic to Unpledged

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Black & Black 1992, p. 155.
  2. ^ Sullivan, Robert David; ‘How the Red and Blue Map Evolved Over the Past Century’; America Magazine in The National Catholic Review; June 29, 2016
  3. ^ Bullock, Charles S.; Gaddie, Ronald Keith. The Triumph of Voting Rights in the South. pp. 41–42. ISBN 0806185309.
  4. ^ Frederick, Jeff. Stand Up for Alabama: Governor George Wallace. pp. 96–99. ISBN 0817315748.
  5. ^ CQ Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report (Report). Vol. 25. Congressional Quarterly, Incorporated. 1967. p. 1121.
  6. ^ McDannald, Alexander Hopkins (1965). Yearbook of the Encyclopedia Americana (Report). p. 63.
  7. ^ "Alabama Expected To Choose Electors Backed by Wallace". The New York Times. May 3, 1964. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 9, 2017.
  8. ^ Denton, Herbert H. (October 21, 1964). "Flowers Attacks Wallace Democrats". The Harvard Crimson. Retrieved December 9, 2017.
  9. ^ "Unpledged Votes Are Held Illegal". The New York Times. June 14, 1964. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 9, 2017.
  10. ^ Carlson, Jody. George C. Wallace and the Politics of Powerlessness: The Wallace Campaigns for the Presidency, 1964-76. p. 41. ISBN 1412824494..
  11. ^ Grimes, Roy (October 11, 1964). "Look Away, Look Away...". The Victoria Advocate. p. 4A.
  12. ^ Cleghorn, Reece (December 3, 1964). "Aftermath in Alabama". The Reporter. Olympia, Washington: 34.
  13. ^ Roberts, Chalmers (August 2, 1964). "Goldwater Splits The South: Civil Rights Act Already Has Cost LBJ at Least Four States". The Boston Globe. p. A-3.
  14. ^ Sullivan, Joseph W. (September 19, 1964). "The GOP in Dixie: Civil Rights Stand Gives Goldwater a Wide Lead In Most of the South Survey Finds Senator Ahead Everywhere but in Texas; Other Republicans Benefit But Margin Has Narrowed". The Wall Street Journal. p. 1.
  15. ^ Eubanks, Bicknell (October 27, 1964). "Republicans Battle in Dixie: Likely Breakthrough". The Christian Science Monitor. p. 4.
  16. ^ Manly, Chely (October 29, 1964). "Johnson Gains in South but Dixie Is Still Strong for Barry: Goldwater Keeps Loyal Army of Backers". The Chicago Tribune. p. 5.
  17. ^ Kraslow, David (November 1, 1964). "How South Will Vote Remains Big Question: Goldwater "Fairly Safe" in Three States, Johnson in One, Rest Considered Toss-ups". Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles, California. p. (17.
  18. ^ Alabama Official and Statistical Register, 1967. Montgomery, Alabama: Skinner Printing Company. pp. 540–545.
  19. ^ "Election Statistics, 1920 to Present". Office of the Clerk of the United States House of Representatives. Retrieved April 7, 2021.
  20. ^ "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections – Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved April 8, 2021.

Works cited

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