Exter Formation

(Redirected from Upper Keuper)

The Exter Formation is the only formation of the Upper Keuper or Rhätsandstein, and is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Rhaetian of the Triassic period (specifically around 205 Ma).[1][2]

Exter Formation
Stratigraphic range: Rhaetian
~208–201 Ma
Exter Formation at Krauthausen
TypeFormation
Unit ofKeuper
Sub-unitsRinteln, Oeynhausen & Vahlbruch Subformations
UnderliesBlack Jurassic
OverliesArnstadt & Trossingen Formations
ThicknessTypically between 100 and 150 m (330 and 490 ft)
Locally 250 m (820 ft) in northern Germany
Up to 45 m (148 ft) in southern Germany
Lithology
PrimaryClaystone, siltstone, sandstone
OtherCoal
Location
Coordinates48°36′N 9°06′E / 48.6°N 9.1°E / 48.6; 9.1
Approximate paleocoordinates36°06′N 10°48′E / 36.1°N 10.8°E / 36.1; 10.8
RegionNiedersachsen, Baden-Württemberg, Westphalia, Bavaria
Country Germany
ExtentWidespread
Exter Formation is located in Germany
Exter Formation
Exter Formation
Exter Formation
Exter Formation
Exter Formation
Exter Formation
Exter Formation (Germany)

Fossil content

edit

The formation has provided fossils of:[1][2]

Mammals

edit

Therapsids

edit

Reptiles

edit

Fish

edit

Insects

edit

Flora

edit

See also

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ a b Exter Formation at Fossilworks.org
  2. ^ a b Rhätkeuper at Fossilworks.org
  3. ^ Wintrich et al., 2017
  4. ^ Fraas, 1897
  5. ^ Bapth et al., 2013
  6. ^ Van Konijnenburg-van Cittert et al., 2021

Bibliography

edit
  • Van Konijnenburg-van Cittert, J. H. A.; Pott, C.; Schmeißner, S.; Dütsch, G.; Kustatscher, E. (2021), "The Rhaetian flora of Wüstenwelsberg, Bavaria, Germany: Description of selected gymnosperms (Ginkgoales, Cycadales, Coniferales) together with an ecological assessment of the locally prevailing vegetation", Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 288 (Article 104398), Bibcode:2021RPaPa.28804398V, doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2021.104398
  • Wintrich, T.; Hayashi, S.; Houssaye, A.; Nakajima, Y.; Sander, P. M. (2017), "A Triassic plesiosaurian skeleton and bone histology inform on evolution of a unique body plan", Science Advances, 3 (12): e1701144, Bibcode:2017SciA....3E1144W, doi:10.1126/sciadv.1701144, PMC 5729018, PMID 29242826
  • Barth, G.; Nel, A.; Franz, M. (2013), "Two new odonate-like insect wings from the latest Norian of northern Germany", Polish Journal of Entomology, 82 (3): 127–142, doi:10.2478/v10200-012-0029-4
  • v. Huene, F (1940), Fossilium Catalogus. I: Animalia. Pars 93: Mammalia Triadica, F. Quenstedt (ed.), pp. 1–13
  • Hennig, E (1922), "Die Säugerzähne des württembergischen Rhät-Lias-Bonebeds", Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie, 46: 181–267
  • Fraas, E (1897), "Reste von Zanclodon aus dem oberen Keuper vom Langenberge bei Wolfenbüttel - Remains of Zanclodon from the upper Keuper of Langenberge near Wolfenbüttel", Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, 49: 482–485
  • Plieninger, W. H (1847), "Zahne aus der oberen Grenzbreccie des Keupers bei Degerloch und Steinenbronn", Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg, 3: 164–167