Urohidrosis (sometimes misspelled "urohydrosis"[1]) is the habit in some birds of defecating onto the scaly portions of the legs as a cooling mechanism, using evaporative cooling of the fluids. Birds' droppings consist of both feces and urine, which are excreted together through the cloaca.
Etymology
editHidrosis" is the medical term for sweating from Ancient Greek,[2] and the word "urohidrosis" was coined by M. P. Kahl in 1963:[3]
...Because of its apparent functional similarity to true sweating, I suggest the term urohidrosis (Greek: ouron = urine; hidrōs = sweat) for this phenomenon.
Examples
editSeveral species of storks and New World vultures exhibit this behaviour.[4][5] This behaviour leads to accumulation of droppings around leg rings on ringed birds, which can lead to injury.[6]
The term is also used to describe the analogous behaviour in seals that cool themselves while basking by urinating on their hind flippers.[7]
References
edit- ^ Elliott, A. (1992). "Family Ciconiidae (Storks)". In del Hoyo, J; A. Elliott, J. Sargatal (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 1. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. pp. 441–449.
- ^ Brown, Lesley, ed. (1993). New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. p. 1231. ISBN 0-19-861271-0.
- ^ Kahl, M.P. (1963). "Thermoregulation in the Wood Stork, with special reference to the role of the legs". Physiol. Zool. 36: 141–151.
- ^ Sibley, Charles G.; Ahlquist, Jon E. (1990), Phylogeny and Classification of Birds: A Study in Molecular Evolution, Yale University Press (published 1991), p. 513, ISBN 0-300-04085-7, retrieved 2007-09-09
- ^ "Ventana Wildlife Society - Cool Condor Facts". Ventana Wildlife Society. Retrieved 2007-08-14.
- ^ Henckel, R.E. (1976). "Lesions associated with fecal accumulation on leg bands in Turkey Vultures". American Bird Bander. 1: 126.
- ^ Gentry, Roger L. (1973). "Thermoregulatory Behavior of Eared Seals". Behaviour. 46 (1&2): 73–93. doi:10.1163/156853973x00175.
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