Ust-Nera (Russian: Усть-Нера; Yakut: Уус Ньара, romanized: Uus Ñara) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Oymyakonsky District in Yakutia, Russia. Located in one of the coldest permanently inhabited regions on Earth, Ust-Nera is approximately 870 kilometers (540 mi) northeast of the republic's capital, Yakutsk. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 6,463.[3]
Ust-Nera
Усть-Нера | |
|---|---|
| Other transcription(s) | |
| • Yakut | Уус Ньара |
 View of Ust-Nera | |
Location of Ust-Nera  | |
  Ust-Nera Location of Ust-Nera  Ust-Nera Ust-Nera (Sakha Republic) | |
| Coordinates: 64°35′N 143°15′E / 64.583°N 143.250°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Sakha Republic[2] |
| Administrative district | Oymyakonsky District[2] |
| Settlement | Settlement of Ust-Nera[2] |
| Founded | 1937 |
| Urban-type settlement status since | 1950[2] |
| Population | |
| • Total | 6,463 |
| • Capital of | Oymyakonsky District,[2] Settlement of Ust-Nera[2] |
| • Municipal district | Oymyakonsky Municipal District[4] |
| • Urban settlement | Ust-Nera Urban Settlement[4] |
| • Capital of | Oymyakonsky Municipal District,[5] Ust-Nera Urban Settlement[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+10 (MSK+7  [6]) |
| Postal code(s)[7] | 678730, 678739 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 41154 |
| OKTMO ID | 98639151051 |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1959 | 10,789 | — |
| 1970 | 7,820 | −27.5% |
| 1979 | 10,399 | +33.0% |
| 1989 | 12,535 | +20.5% |
| 2002 | 9,457 | −24.6% |
| 2010 | 6,463 | −31.7% |
| 2021 | 4,228 | −34.6% |
| Source: Census data | ||
Geography
editUst-Nera is located at the confluence of the Nera and Indigirka Rivers, from which it takes its name (the ust- part means river mouth in Russian). Ust-Nera is located about 200 kilometers (120 mi) north of the selo of Oymyakon, which is one of two places in the Sakha Republic (the other being Verkhoyansk) that lays claim to being the northern Pole of Cold, the coldest location in the northern hemisphere.
The Tas-Kystabyt, Silyap Range and the Nera Plateau are located in the district.
Climate
editUst-Nera has an extremely cold subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dwd) with short, mild, wet summers with chilly nights, and severely cold, dry winters.
| Climate data for Ust-Nera | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −40.1 (−40.2) |
−35.1 (−31.2) |
−21.4 (−6.5) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
7.3 (45.1) |
18.7 (65.7) |
21.0 (69.8) |
18.0 (64.4) |
8.8 (47.8) |
−9.2 (15.4) |
−30.2 (−22.4) |
−39.4 (−38.9) |
−8.9 (15.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −44.0 (−47.2) |
−40.7 (−41.3) |
−30.4 (−22.7) |
−14.9 (5.2) |
0.7 (33.3) |
11.1 (52.0) |
13.3 (55.9) |
10.2 (50.4) |
2.5 (36.5) |
−14.7 (5.5) |
−34.5 (−30.1) |
−43.0 (−45.4) |
−15.4 (4.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −47.9 (−54.2) |
−46.2 (−51.2) |
−39.3 (−38.7) |
−24.3 (−11.7) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
3.5 (38.3) |
5.7 (42.3) |
2.4 (36.3) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−20.1 (−4.2) |
−38.8 (−37.8) |
−46.5 (−51.7) |
−21.7 (−7.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 8 (0.3) |
7 (0.3) |
4 (0.2) |
7 (0.3) |
17 (0.7) |
37 (1.5) |
55 (2.2) |
45 (1.8) |
24 (0.9) |
14 (0.6) |
11 (0.4) |
8 (0.3) |
237 (9.5) |
| Source: http://en.climate-data.org/location/28842/ | |||||||||||||
History
edit
Ust-Nera was founded in 1937 in conjunction with gold mining and exploration in the Indigirka and Kolyma regions.[citation needed] In the Soviet era, it served as a base for forced labor camps of the gulag. Urban-type settlement status was granted to Ust-Nera in 1950.[2]
Administrative and municipal status
editWithin the framework of administrative divisions, the urban-type settlement of Ust-Nera[1] serves as the administrative center of Oymyakonsky District.[2] As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Oymyakonsky District as the Settlement of Ust-Nera.[2] As a municipal division, the Settlement of Ust-Nera is incorporated within Oymyakonsky Municipal District as Ust-Nera Urban Settlement.[4]
Economy
editGold mining is the main occupation. The Kolyma Highway was extended northwest to Ust-Nera in 1937; this section is now the main route between Yakutsk and Magadan. The Ust-Nera Airport is serving air traffic. River traffic on the Indigirka is limited by the rapids 100 kilometers (62 mi) downstream.
Culture
editThere is a small museum in Ust-Nera.
References
editNotes
edit- ^ a b According to Article 7 of the Law #77-I, lower-level administrative divisions with the status of a settlement have their administrative centers in an inhabited locality with the status of an urban-type settlement. According to the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic, Ust-Nera is the administrative center of the Settlement of Ust-Nera.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ a b c d Law #173-Z #353-III
- ^ Law #172-Z #351-III
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
Sources
edit- Official website of the Sakha Republic. Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic. Oymyakonsky District. (in Russian)
- Государственное Собрание (Ил Тумэн) Республики Саха (Якутия). Закон №172-З №351-III от 30 ноября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом муниципального района муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)», в ред. Закона №1535-З №597-V от 27 ноября 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в статьи 1 и 2 Закона Республики Саха (Якутия) "Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом муниципального района муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Якутия", №245, 31 декабря 2004 г. (State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. Law #172-Z No. 351-III of November 30, 2004 On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Municipal District Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, as amended by the Law #1535-Z No. 597-V of November 27, 2015 On Amending Articles 1 and 2 of the Law of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic "On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Municipal District Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
- Государственное Собрание (Ил Тумэн) Республики Саха (Якутия). Закон №173-З №353-III от 30 ноября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом городского и сельского поселений муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)», в ред. Закона №1058-З №1007-IV от 25 апреля 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Республики Саха (Якутия) "Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом городского и сельского поселений муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Якутия", №245, 31 декабря 2004 г. (State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. Law #173-Z No. 353-III of November 30, 2004 On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, as amended by the Law #1058-Z No. 1007-IV of April 25, 2012 On Amending the Law of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic "On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).