Camenca

Camenca (Romanian: Camenca [ˈkameŋka], Moldovan Cyrillic: Каменка; Russian: Каменка, romanized: Kamenka; Ukrainian: Кам'янка, romanized: Kamyanka) is a town in Transnistria, a breakaway republic internationally recognized as part of Moldova. It is composed of the town itself and the village of Solnecinoe. Camenca is the seat of Camenca District. The town is located on the Dniester, in the north of Transnistria.

The mayor is Pyotr Mustya.^[1]

History

Fragment of a map of Poland from 1772 with Kamiencza marked

The settlement was founded in 1609, when it was part of the Kingdom of Poland. In 1672 it fell to the Ottoman Empire, but was regained by Poland in 1699. Kamionka, as it was known in Polish, was a private village of the Lubomirski family, administratively located in the Bracław County in the Bracław Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province.^[2] Following the Second Partition of Poland, in 1793, it was annexed by Russia.

The town became part of Soviet Ukraine in 1920, and then of the Moldavian Autonomous Oblast in 1924, which was soon converted into the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, and the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1940 during World War II. From 1941 to 1944, it was administered by Romania.

According to the 2004 Census in Transnistria, the town itself has 10,323 inhabitants, including 5,296 Moldovans (51.3%), 3,476 Ukrainians (33.67%), 1,305 Russians (12.64%), 61 Belarusians, 42 Poles, 35 Bulgarians, 32 Gagauzes, 23 Germans, 10 Armenians, 8 Jews, 3 Gypsies and 32 others.^[3]

Climate data for Camenca (1991–2020)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	0.5 (32.9)	2.7 (36.9)	9.1 (48.4)	16.9 (62.4)	22.7 (72.9)	26.2 (79.2)	28.4 (83.1)	28.3 (82.9)	22.5 (72.5)	15.0 (59.0)	7.7 (45.9)	1.9 (35.4)	15.2 (59.4)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−2.7 (27.1)	−1.2 (29.8)	3.7 (38.7)	10.7 (51.3)	16.3 (61.3)	19.9 (67.8)	21.8 (71.2)	21.3 (70.3)	16.1 (61.0)	9.7 (49.5)	4.0 (39.2)	−1.1 (30.0)	9.9 (49.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−5.6 (21.9)	−4.4 (24.1)	−0.5 (31.1)	5.0 (41.0)	10.1 (50.2)	13.9 (57.0)	15.6 (60.1)	14.9 (58.8)	10.4 (50.7)	5.2 (41.4)	1.1 (34.0)	−3.8 (25.2)	5.1 (41.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	33 (1.3)	30 (1.2)	33 (1.3)	40 (1.6)	57 (2.2)	71 (2.8)	72 (2.8)	51 (2.0)	49 (1.9)	38 (1.5)	39 (1.5)	34 (1.3)	547 (21.4)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	7	6	7	6	8	8	7	5	6	5	6	7	77
Source: NOAA^[4]

Nicolae Coval (1904–1970), Moldavian SSR politician, prime minister of the Moldavian SSR from 1945 to 1946
Oleg Khorzhan (1976–2023), Transnistrian lawyer and politician
Alexei Grabco (1936–2016), Soviet and Moldovan caricaturist
Pyotr Vershigora (1905–1963), Soviet writer and one of the leaders of the Soviet partisan movement in Ukraine, Belarus and Poland

^ Transnistria's political status is disputed. It considers itself to be an independent state, but this is not recognised by any UN member state. The Moldovan government and the international community consider Transnistria a part of Moldova's territory.

^ (in English) State Administrations of Cities and Regions of the PMR Archived 2017-12-01 at the Wayback Machine
^ Krykun, Mykola (2012). Воєводства Правобережної України у XVI-XVIII століттях: Статті і матеріали (in Ukrainian and Polish). p. 530. ISBN 978-617-607-240-9.
^ The Transnistrian census of 2004 data by nationality at http://pop-stat.mashke.org/pmr-ethnic-loc2004.htm, available through the WayBack Machine at https://web.archive.org/web/20240829052729/http://pop-stat.mashke.org/pmr-ethnic-loc2004.htm.
^ "Camenca Climate Normals 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 21 August 2023. Retrieved 21 August 2023.

Camenca

Flag Coat of arms
Show map of Moldova Show map of Transnistria
Coordinates: 48°01′N 28°43′E / 48.017°N 28.717°E / 48.017; 28.717
Country (de jure)	Moldova
Country (de facto)	Transnistria^[a]
Population (2014)
• Total	8,871
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
Climate	Dfb