Augusta Van Buren and Adeline Van Buren, sisters, rode 5,500 miles in 60 days to cross the continental United States, each on their own motorcycle, completing on 8 September 1916.[1] In so doing they became the second and third women to drive motorcycles across the entire continent, following Effie Hotchkiss, who had completed a Brooklyn-to-San Francisco route the year before with her mother, Avis, as a sidecar passenger.[2]
Augusta Van Buren | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 26 Mar 1884 New York, United States |
| Died | 30 Sep 1959 Middletown, New Castle County, Delaware, United States |
| Other names | Augusta Roberts |
| Occupation(s) | Librarian, pilot |
| Known for | Motorcycling across the US |
Adeline Van Buren | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 26 Jul 1889 New York, United States |
| Died | 1949 |
| Other names | Adeline Tully |
| Occupation(s) | Lawyer, educator |
| Known for | Motorcycling across the USA |
History of the ride
edit
The sisters descended from Martin Van Buren, the eighth President of the United States.[3] In 1916, 32-year-old Augusta and 27-year-old Adeline Van Buren, or Gussie and Addie as they were known, were young and active in the national Preparedness Movement. America was about to enter World War I, and the sisters wanted to prove that women could ride as well as men and would be able to serve as military dispatch riders, freeing up men for other tasks.[4] They also hoped to remove one of the primary arguments for denying women the right to vote.[5][6] For their ride, they dressed in military-style leggings and leather riding breeches,[7] a taboo at that time.[3]
They set out from Sheepshead Bay Race Track in Brooklyn, New York on July 4, riding 1,000 cc Indian Power Plus motorcycles equipped with gas headlights. Indians were the high-end motorcycle at the time, selling for $275, and ran Firestone "non-skid" tires.[8]
They arrived in Los Angeles on September 8 after having to contend with poor roads,[9] heavy rains and mud,[10] natural barriers like the Rocky Mountains, and social barriers such as the local police who took offense at their choice of men's clothing. During the ride, they were arrested numerous times, not for speeding but for wearing men's clothes.[7][11] In Colorado, they became the first women to reach the 14,109-foot (4,300 m) summit of Pikes Peak by any motor vehicle.[12] Later on, they became lost in the desert 100 miles (160 km) west of Salt Lake City and were saved by a prospector after their water ran out.[12] They completed their ride by traveling across the border to Tijuana in Mexico.
Beyond question the Van Burens have made one of the most noteworthy trips ever accomplished, chiefly because they have proven that the motorcycle is a universal vehicle.[citation needed]
— Paul Derkum, Indian Motorcycle Company
Despite succeeding in their trek, the sisters' applications to be military dispatch riders were rejected. Reports in the leading motorcycling magazine of the day praised the bike but not the sisters and described the journey as a "vacation".[13] One newspaper published a degrading article accusing the sisters of using the national preparedness issue as an excellent excuse to escape their roles as housewives and "display their feminine counters in nifty khaki and leather uniforms".[citation needed]
Later life
editAdeline continued her career as an educator, and earned her law degree from New York University. Augusta became a pilot and joined Amelia Earhart's Ninety-Nines international women's flying organization.
Memorial
editIn 1988, their achievement was celebrated by four women members of the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) with the "Van Buren Transcon", a fund-raising effort for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation supported by Honda, Kawasaki, Suzuki and Yamaha and designed to improve the public perception of motorcycling.[14][15]
In 2002, the sisters were inducted into the AMA's Motorcycle Hall of Fame and into the Sturgis Motorcycle Museum & Hall of Fame during 2003.[citation needed]
In 2006 Bob Van Buren, great-nephew of the sisters, and his wife, Rhonda Van Buren, retraced the route taken by Gussie and Addie on a Harley-Davidson Low Rider from New York City to San Francisco. In line with the sisters' desire to influence the military, the trip was a fundraiser for the Intrepid Fallen Heroes Fund and was launched from the Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum in Manhattan. Contributions to the fund helped to build a new rehabilitation hospital at Brooke Army Medical Center (BAMC) in San Antonio, Texas.[citation needed]
References
edit- ^ Murphy, William. Grace and Grit: Motorcycle Dispatches from Early 20th Century Women Adventurers. Arbutus Press, 2012 ISBN 1933926333.
- ^ Miller, Ernestine G. Making Her Mark: Firsts and Milestones in Women's Sports. McGraw-Hill Professional, 2002.
- ^ a b Mullins, Sasha. The Chrome Cowgirl Guide to the Motorcycle Life. MotorBooks International, 2008.
- ^ The Sketch: A Journal of Art and Actuality, Volume 95. Ingram brothers, 1916
- ^ Calif, Ruth. The world on wheels: an illustrated history of the bicycle and its relatives. Cornwall Books, 1983.
- ^ Alford, Steven E., and Suzanne Ferriss. Motorcycle. Reaktion Books, 2008.
- ^ a b Rollin, Bernard E. Harley-Davidson and Philosophy: Full-Throttle Aristotle. Open Court Publishing, 2006.
- ^ Northern Automotive Journal, Volumes 24–25. Mechanics' Mutual Benefit Association of North Dakota, Mechanics' Mutual Benefit Association of South Dakota, Bruce Publishing Company, 1916.
- ^ "Sisters of the Road", American Motorcyclist, June 1996.
- ^ Recreation, Volume 55, Issue 5. Outdoor World Publishing Company, 1916
- ^ Ruderman, Anne, and Jo Giovanni, "Adeline and Augusta Van Buren: Pioneers in Women in Motorcycling" Asphalt Angels 74, 1998, pp. 11–15.
- ^ a b Ms. magazine, Volume 6, Issues 7–12. Ms. Foundation for Education and Communication, 1978.
- ^ Motorcycle Illustrated, 27 July 1916.
- ^ "Women Riders Chosen." American Motorcyclist, June 1988.
- ^ Savvy Woman, Volume 10, Issues 7–12. Family Media Inc., 1989.