The Belegezites (Greek: Βελεγεζίται, Belegezitai) were a South Slavic (Sklavenoi) tribe that lived in the area of Thessaly in the Early Middle Ages.[1][2] They are one of the tribes listed in the Miracles of Saint Demetrius.[3][4]
Geography
edit
According to the Miracles of Saint Demetrius, they were settled around Demetrias and Phthiotic Thebes on the northern shores of the Pagasetic Gulf.[5]
The area is usually identified with the region of Velechatouia (Βελεχατουΐα, Velechativa in Latin) in the chrysobull of 1198 granting privileges to the Republic of Venice, and in the 1204 Partitio Romaniae. At the time, it formed an imperial episkepsis (fiscal district).[6] The Greek scholar Alkmini Stavridou-Zafraka on the other hand rejects this identification and proposes an identification of Velechativa with 'Little Vlachia', a Vlach-inhabited region in Aetolia.[7][8]
The later, 13th/14th-century name "land of the Levachatai" (γῆ τῶν Λεβαχάτων), and the name of the village Levache (Λεβάχη), both found in the cadasters of the Lykousada Monastery, also possibly derive from the same locality.[6]
The area of Belzetia, which was also located in Greece and is mentioned as the area ruled by Akameros in c. 799, most likely does not derive from the Belegezites, but rather from the related Slavic tribe of the Berzites.[6]
History
editAfter settling in the region of Thessaly, the economic activities of the tribe included trade with the Byzantine city of Thessalonica by 670–80.[9] When the city was besieged by the Sagudates, Drogubites and other tribes in the late 7th century, the leaders of the Belegezites provided supplies for the besieged population.[10] During the same period, along with other tribes they were using armed logboats to plunder the coasts of Thessaly.[11] One of the leaders of the tribe in the late 7th century was a person named Tihomir, whose name has been found on artifacts of the same period.[12] Religious buildings of the 8th century in Thessaly have been connected with the Christianization of the tribe, after the campaigns of Byzantine emperor Nikephoros I against the Slavs of the area.[13]
Annotations
editTheir name is rendered in English as Belegezites, Velegesites, Belegizites and Velzite Slavs. In Macedonian, Bulgarian and Serbian, Velegeziti (Cyrillic: Велегезити) is used.
References
edit- ^ History of Humanity: From the seventh century B.C. to the seventh century A.D.. UNESCO. 1996. p. 252. ISBN 978-92-3-102812-0.
- ^ Review - Volume 47, Page 99 Institut za nacionalna istorija (Skopje, Macedonia), Marketing Science Institute - 2003 "56 Кон крајот на шестиот и во првите децении од седмиот век, Словените ја населиле теригоријата на Македонија. Македонските словенски племиња: Драгувити, Велегезити, Вајунити, Берзити, Ринхини, Струмјани и Смолјани, "
- ^ Florin Curta Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500-1250 2006- Page 72 "For example, the Belegezites are again mentioned in Book II as living in the region of Thessaly, near Thebes and Demetrias.4 ... On the other hand, it is hard to believe that the Belegezites and the other tribes mentioned in Book II were the ..."
- ^ Florin Curta The Making of the Slavs: History and Archaeology of the Lower ... 2001 Page 108 "Sagudates, Belegezites, Baiunetes, and Berzetes. There are several cross references to most of these tribes in Book II. In all cases, We are left with the impression that they were a familiar presence. The Sclavenes were not just invaders, they ..."
- ^ Koder, Johannes; Hild, Friedrich (1976). Tabula Imperii Byzantini, Band 1: Hellas und Thessalia (in German). Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. p. 56. ISBN 978-3-7001-0182-6.
- ^ a b c Koder, Johannes; Hild, Friedrich (1976). Tabula Imperii Byzantini, Band 1: Hellas und Thessalia (in German). Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. p. 133. ISBN 978-3-7001-0182-6.
- ^ Stavridou-Zafraka, Alkmini (1995). "Provintia Velechative". Ελληνικά. 45: 134–140.
- ^ Stavridou-Zafraka, Alkmini (2000). "Μεγάλη και Μικρή Βλαχία". Τρικαλινά. 20: 171–179.
- ^ Vrionis, Spyros (1978). The "Past" in medieval and modern Greek culture. Undena Publications. ISBN 978-0-89003-026-4. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
- ^ Stathakopoulos, Dionysios Ch. (March 2004). Famine and pestilence in the late Roman and early Byzantine empire: a systematic survey of subsistence crises and epidemics. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 356. ISBN 978-0-7546-3021-0. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
- ^ Byzantinoslavica. Czecho-Slovak Academy. 1991. p. 96. Retrieved 31 January 2011.
- ^ Société française de numismatique (2002). Revue numismatique. Société d'Édition les "Belles Lettres". p. 442. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
- ^ Sborník prací: Řada uměnovědná (F). Univerzita J.E. Purkyně. 1967. p. 30. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
Sources
edit- Curta, Florin (2001). The Making of the Slavs: History and Archaeology of the Lower Danube Region, c. 500–700. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781139428880.
- Curta, Florin (2006). Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-81539-0.