Superior mesenteric vein

Superior mesenteric vein
Superior mesenteric vein
	The abdomen viewed from the front, showing the portal venous system, showing the superior mesenteric vein and its tributaries. (Lienal vein is an old term for splenic vein.)
Details
System	Hepatic portal system
Drains to	Hepatic portal vein
Artery	Superior mesenteric artery
Identifiers
Latin	vena mesenterica superior
TA98	A12.3.12.018
TA2	5113
FMA	14332
	Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]

In human anatomy, the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) is a blood vessel that drains blood from the small intestine (jejunum and ileum). Behind the neck of the pancreas, the superior mesenteric vein combines with the splenic vein to form the portal vein that carries blood to the liver. The superior mesenteric vein lies to the right of the similarly named artery, the superior mesenteric artery, which originates from the abdominal aorta.

Structure

Tributaries of the superior mesenteric vein drain the small intestine, large intestine, stomach, pancreas and appendix and include:

Right gastro-omental vein (also known as the right gastro-epiploic vein)
inferior pancreaticoduodenal veins
veins from jejunum
veins from ileum
middle colic vein – drains the transverse colon
right colic vein – drains the ascending colon
ileocolic vein

The superior mesenteric vein combines with the splenic vein to form the portal vein.^[1]^[2]

Clinical significance

Thrombosis of the superior mesenteric vein is quite rare, but a significant cause of mesenteric ischemia and can be fatal. It is estimated that 10–15% of mesenteric ischemia is due to mesenteric thrombosis.^[3]

References

^ "Diagnostic angiography in hepatobiliary and pancreatic disease: Indications". Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreas, 2-Volume Set: 392–402.e1. 2017-01-01. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-34062-5.00021-2. ISBN 9780323340625.
^ Comar, Kevin M.; Sanyal, Arun J. (2004-01-01), "Portal Hypertension and Esophageal Varices", in Johnson, Leonard R. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Gastroenterology, New York: Elsevier, pp. 212–219, ISBN 978-0-12-386860-2, retrieved 2021-01-24
^ Tessier, DJ; Williams, RA (2020-12-05). "Acute Mesenteric Ischemia: Background, Anatomy, Pathophysiology" – via eMedicine. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

Additional images

Abdominal cavity.Superior mesenteric vein.Deep dissection.

External links

"Mesenteric vein superior". Medcyclopaedia. GE. Archived from the original on 2008-06-06.
Anatomy photo:39:02-0102 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center – "Intestines and Pancreas: The Superior Mesenteric Vessels"
Anatomy image:8696 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center

[1] "Diagnostic angiography in hepatobiliary and pancreatic disease: Indications". Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreas, 2-Volume Set: 392–402.e1. 2017-01-01. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-34062-5.00021-2. ISBN 9780323340625.

[2] Comar, Kevin M.; Sanyal, Arun J. (2004-01-01), "Portal Hypertension and Esophageal Varices", in Johnson, Leonard R. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Gastroenterology, New York: Elsevier, pp. 212–219, ISBN 978-0-12-386860-2, retrieved 2021-01-24

[3] Tessier, DJ; Williams, RA (2020-12-05). "Acute Mesenteric Ischemia: Background, Anatomy, Pathophysiology" – via eMedicine. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

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