Vestinian is an extinct Italic language documented only in two surviving inscriptions of the Roman Republic. It is presumed to have been anciently spoken by the tribe of the Vestini, who occupied the region within current Abruzzo from Gran Sasso to the Adriatic Sea in east-central Italy during that time. Vestini is the Roman exonym for the people. Not enough of their presumed language survives to classify it beyond Italic. Vestinian is one of a number of scantily attested Italic languages spoken in small regions of the Apennines directly east of Rome called generally "the minor dialects". There is currently no agreement on their precise classification.[2] However, de Vaan's consensus classification has it as Osco-Umbrian, closely related to Oscan (see Italic languages § Classification).
| Vestinian | |
|---|---|
 Country of the Vestini looking from Pescara to Gran Sasso | |
| Region | East-central Italy |
| Era | ca. 250–100 BC[1] |
Indo-European
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | xvs |
xvs | |
| Glottolog | vest1239 |
Corpus
editOnly two inscriptions survive.
Sample text
editCIL 12.394 from near Navelli in the Abruzzo, dated mid-third-century BC, is:[3]
Vestinian text:
- t.vetio | duno | didet | herclo | iovio | grat | data
Translation into Latin:
- T. Vetius donum dedit Herculi Jovio. Grate data.
Translation into Italian:
- Tito Vezio ha dato un dono a Ercole Giovo. Dato con gratitudine.
Translation into Spanish:
- Tito Vecio le dio un don (regalo) a Hércules Jovio. Dado con gratitud.
Translation into English:
- Titus Vetius gave (this as) a gift to Hercules Jove. Gratefully given.
References
edit- ^ "Vestinian". Archived from the original on 9 March 2015. Retrieved 25 January 2024.
- ^ Stuart-Smith 2004, p. 123
- ^ Baldi, Philip (2002). The foundations of Latin. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. p. 140.
Bibliography
edit- Stuart-Smith, Jane (2004). Phonetics and philology: sound change in Italic. Oxford: Oxford University Press.