Victor Joseph Auguste D'Hondt (Dutch: [ˈvɪktɔr ˈtɔnt]; 20 November 1841 – 30 May 1901)[1] was a Belgian lawyer and jurist of civil law at Ghent University. He devised a procedure, the D'Hondt method, which he first described in 1878, for allocating seats to candidates in party-list proportional representation elections. The method has been adopted by a number of countries, including Albania, Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Chile, Colombia, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Fiji, Finland, Israel, Japan, North Macedonia, the Netherlands, Northern Ireland, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Scotland, Slovenia, Serbia, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, Iceland, Uruguay and Wales. A modified D'Hondt system is used for elections to the London Assembly and the Scottish Parliament.
Victor Joseph Auguste D'Hondt | |
|---|---|
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| Born | 20 November 1841 Ghent, Belgium |
| Died | 30 May 1901 (aged 59) Ghent, Belgium |
| Nationality | Belgian |
| Occupation(s) | Businessman, jurist, lawyer, mathematician |
| Known for | Electoral voting system |
Victor D’Hondt was an influential proponent of proportional representation in Belgium. He published several articles on proportional representation and was founding member of the Association Réformiste Belge pour l'Adoption de la Representation Proportionnelle in 1881. From 1885 he served as professor of civil and fiscal law at the University of Ghent. In 1896 he was awarded the title Officer in the Belgian Order of Leopold.[1][2]
Publications
edit- Question électorale. La représentation proportionnelle des partis. Bruxelles, 1878.
- Système pratique et raisonné de représentation proportionnelle. Bruxelles, 1882.
- Formule du minimum dans la représentation proportionnelle. In Représentation proportionnelle—Revue mensuelle 2, pages 117–130, 1883
- Exposé du système pratique de représentation proportionnelle adopté par le Comité de l’Association Réformiste Belge. Gand, 1885.
References
edit- ^ a b Beatse, Georges (1913). "Victor D'Hondt -- Notice et portrait". Université de Gand. Liber memorialis: notices biographiques (in French). pp. 428–429.
- ^ Pukelsheim, Friedrich (2017). Proportional Representation: Apportionment Methods and Their Applications (Second ed.). Springer. pp. 305–306. ISBN 978-3-319-64707-4. OCLC 1021196335.
Further reading
edit- Carlier, Jules (1901). "Victor D'Hondt, Albert Nyssens – Notice et portrait". Représentation proportionnelle – Revue mensuelle. 20: 29–41. OCLC 472588196.
- Carstairs, Andrew McLaren (2012). A short history of electoral systems in Western Europe. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-02678-3. OCLC 842262419.
- Pukelsheim, Friedrich (2017). Proportional Representation: Apportionment Methods and Their Applications (Second ed.). Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-64707-4. OCLC 1021196335.