William D. Alexander (1916 – November 19, 1991) was an American filmmaker. He made U.S. government-sponsored newsreels for African American audiences. He later established his own production company, Alexander Productions, in New York City and became a film producer.
William D. Alexander | |
|---|---|
 Anna Mae Winburn and Alexander in the 1940s | |
| Born | William Alexander August 21, 1916 Denver, Colorado, U.S. |
| Died | November 19, 1991 (aged 75) The Bronx, New York City, U.S. |
| Years active | 1946-1974 |
He made the short documentary film Village of Hope about a leper colony in Liberia. He also made the films Portrait of Ethiopia[1][2] Wealth of Wood, which received the United Nations Award at the Madrid International Film Festival in Madrid in 1967.[3][4]
Biography
editAlexander was born in 1916 in Denver, Colorado,[5] or in Missouri.[6] He grew up in Colorado and was educated at Colorado State College of Education, now the University of Northern Colorado, and Chicago State University.
In 1941, Alexander relocated to Washington, D.C., where he was employed by the National Youth Administration. He worked for a radio program, where his responsibilities involved interviewing African Americans who worked for the federal government and producing stories about Washington's Black middle class.[5][6]
During World War II, Alexander worked for the Office of War Information, producing press releases and newsreels relaying news concerning African-American soldiers and sailors. Alexander and his colleagues produced more than 250 newsreels, which were released under the title All-American News.[6][7]
In 1945, Alexander relocated to New York City, where he established his own production company, Alexander Productions, and founded the Associated Film Producers of Negro Motion Pictures. Alexander produced musical shorts, such as Jivin' in Bebop (featuring Dizzy Gillespie), Burlesque in Harlem, and Open the Door, Richard (whose theme later became a hit record).[8][9] He also produced features, including The Fight Never Ends (in which boxer Joe Louis, starring as himself, fought juvenile delinquency), The Highest Tradition, and Rhythm in a Riff (which featured Billy Eckstine).[9][10][11] Alexander's Souls of Sin has been described as the last race movie made by a Black producer.[12]
Alexander moved to London in 1950. Over the next 18 years, he produced a series of highly-praised documentaries concerning the new states emerging from colonialism in Africa. Many of these films were produced at the request of the African states, and were used to promote the new states abroad. At different times, Alexander served as the official film-maker for Liberia and Ethiopia. In 1960, the American ABC television network broadcast a twelve-part documentary by Alexander concerning the new African states. The 22 African states where Alexander worked during the 1950s and 1960s awarded him various awards.[13][14]
One of Alexander's documentaries, The Village of Hope, was about a Liberian leper colony. It was recognized at the 1964 Cannes Film Festival with a Short Film Palme d'Or. Alexander's Portrait of Ethiopia was honored with a prize at the 1965 Venice Film Festival. Wealth in Wood, another of Alexander's documentaries, was given the United Nations Award at the Madrid International Film Festival in 1967.[15][4]
In 1974, Alexander produced The Klansman, based on the novel by William Bradford Huie. With a budget of US$4.5 million, The Klansman was the biggest production of Alexander's career.[16][17] It starred O. J. Simpson in his acting debut.[citation needed] Despite its big budget and all-star cast, which included Richard Burton, Lola Falana, and Lee Marvin, The Klansman was Alexander's least successful film.[17] His next film, Jackpot, shut down during production and remains unfinished.[18]
Death
editAlexander died of cancer in the Bronx on November 19, 1991.[4] In 1995, he was inducted into the Black Filmmakers Hall of Fame.[19]
Filmography
edit- The Vanities (1946)
- The Highest Tradition (1946), about African American World War II war heroes
- Love in Syncopation[20] (1946)
- Rhythm in a Riff (1947)
- The Fight Never Ends (1948)
- Souls of Sin (1949)
- Portrait of Ethiopia (1960)[21]
- Village of Hope, a short documentary film about a leper colony in Liberia
- Wealth in Wood
- The Klansman (1974)
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "William Alexander, Producer Featuring Blacks, Dies at 75". The New York Times. December 6, 1991.
- ^ "The Independent". Foundation for Independent Video and Film. April 4, 1992 – via Google Books.
- ^ Bowser (1999). "Pioneers of Black Documentary Film". In Klotman; Cutler (eds.). Struggles for Representation. p. 28. ISBN 0253213479.
- ^ a b c "William Alexander, Producer Featuring Blacks, Dies at 75". The New York Times. December 6, 1991. Retrieved April 6, 2009.
- ^ a b Bowser, Pearl (1999). "Pioneers of Black Documentary Film". In Klotman, Phyllis Rauch; Cutler, Janet K (eds.). Struggles for Representation: African American Documentary Film and Video. Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press. p. 25. ISBN 0-253-21347-9.
- ^ a b c Moon, Spencer (1997). Reel Black Talk: A Sourcebook of 50 American Filmmakers. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. p. 3. ISBN 0-313-29830-0.
- ^ Bowser (1999). "Pioneers of Black Documentary Film". In Klotman; Cutler (eds.). Struggles for Representation. pp. 25–26. ISBN 0253213479.
- ^ Bowser (1999). "Pioneers of Black Documentary Film". In Klotman; Cutler (eds.). Struggles for Representation. pp. 27–28. ISBN 0253213479.
- ^ a b Moon (1997). Reel Black Talk. pp. 4–5. ISBN 9780313298301.
- ^ Reid, Mark A. (2005). Black Lenses, Black Voices: African American Film Now. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 49. ISBN 0-7425-2642-9.
- ^ Deffaa, Chip (April 2, 1993). "Dizzy Gillespie and Billy Eckstine: Things To Come". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved April 6, 2009.
- ^ Kisch, John; Mapp, Edward (1992). A Separate Cinema: Fifty Years of Black Cast Posters. New York: Noonday Press. p. 145. ISBN 0-374-52360-6.
- ^ Bowser (1999). "Pioneers of Black Documentary Film". In Klotman; Cutler (eds.). Struggles for Representation. pp. 28–29. ISBN 0253213479.
- ^ Moon (1997). Reel Black Talk. p. 4. ISBN 9780313298301.
- ^ Bowser (1999). "Pioneers of Black Documentary Film". In Klotman; Cutler (eds.). Struggles for Representation. p. 28. ISBN 0253213479.
- ^ Bowser (1999). "Pioneers of Black Documentary Film". In Klotman; Cutler (eds.). Struggles for Representation. p. 29. ISBN 0253213479.
- ^ a b Moon (1997). Reel Black Talk. p. 5. ISBN 9780313298301.
- ^ Clark, Al (1983). The Film Year Book. Grove Press, an Evergreen book. p. 139.
- ^ Berry, S. Torriano; Berry, Venise T. (2007). Historical Dictionary of African American Cinema. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-8108-5545-8.
- ^ "We are unable to complete your request at this time, please try again in a few minutes".
- ^ "Portrait of Ethiopia (1960)". Archived from the original on October 6, 2022.
Further reading
edit- Schickel, Richard (February 27, 1984). "Artifacts of a Lost Culture". Time. Archived from the original on November 3, 2012. Retrieved April 6, 2009.