The violetears are hummingbirds of the genus Colibri. They are medium to large species found in Mexico, and Central and northern South America. The Mexican violetear occasionally wanders as far north as the United States and even Canada.
| Violetear | |
|---|---|
| |
| Sparkling violetear, Colibri coruscans | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Clade: | Strisores |
| Order: | Apodiformes |
| Family: | Trochilidae |
| Subfamily: | Polytminae |
| Genus: | Colibri Spix, 1824 |
| Type species | |
| Trochilus serrirostris Vieillot, 1816
| |
| Species | |
|
5, see text | |
Violetears have ample rounded tails and short or medium black bills. Three of the four species have a mainly green plumage. The males have a violet blue patch running back and down from the eye, which is erected when they are excited, and a glittering throat patch. The female plumage is generally like the male's, but the ear and throat patches are smaller.
Violetears build substantial cup nests into which two white eggs are laid. They have loud persistent songs, often repetitions of double notes.
These birds come readily to artificial nectar feeders, and show no fear of humans. They are aggressively territorial, and at feeders or flowering shrubs they spend much time chasing other hummingbirds, rather than feeding.
Species
editThe genus contains five species:[1]
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brown violetear
|
Colibri delphinae (Lesson, 1839) |
Mexico to northern and western South America
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
| Mexican violetear
|
Colibri thalassinus (Swainson, 1827) |
Mexico to northwestern Nicaragua
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
| Lesser violetear
|
Colibri cyanotus (Bourcier, 1843) |
Costa Rica, Panama, and the Andes (from Bolivia and northwards)
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
| Sparkling violetear
|
Colibri coruscans (Gould, 1846) Two subspecies
|
The Andes (from Argentina and northwards)
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
| White-vented violetear
|
Colibri serrirostris (Vieillot, 1816) |
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
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References
edit- ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2020). "Hummingbirds". IOC World Bird List Version 10.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
- Hilty, Birds of Venezuela, ISBN 0-7136-6418-5
- Stiles and Skutch, A guide to the birds of Costa Rica ISBN 0-8014-9600-4
- Birds of the World, 1999 Edition ISBN 9780862838065