Charaxes violetta, the violet-spotted emperor or violet-spotted charaxes, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in southern Africa.[2]
| Violet-spotted emperor | |
|---|---|
| |
| Male figures 1 and 2, female figure 8 | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Nymphalidae |
| Genus: | Charaxes |
| Species: | C. violetta
|
| Binomial name | |
| Charaxes violetta Grose-Smith, 1885.[1]
| |
Species is double brooded from August to October and April to June.[3]
Larvae feed on Blighia unijugata and Deinbollia species.[2][3]
Full description
editThe wingspan is 65–70 mm for males and 75–85 mm for females. Both sexes above almost exactly like the corresponding sexes of cithaeron, but differing in the presence of a fine, nearly straight transverse line in the middle of the hindwing beneath, distally margined with white, in the male narrowly, in the female for a breadth of 2–3 mm. Delagoa Bay to Nyassaland and Mombasa.Larva green, sprinkled with minute yellowish dots; horns on the head bluish or violet; the dorsal spots grey or rust-coloured.[4]
- Walter Rothschild and Karl Jordan, 1900 Novitates Zoologicae volume 7:287-524. [1] page 372 for terms see volume 5:545-601 [2].
Subspecies
editListed alphabetically:[2]
- C. v. maritima van Someren, 1966 (coast of Kenya, Tanzania: north-east to the coast)
- C. v. melloni Fox, 1963[5] (Mozambique, eastern Zimbabwe, Malawi, eastern Tanzania)
- C. v. meru van Someren, 1966[6] (Kenya: north-eastern slopes of Mount Kenya and in the Njombeni Hills)
- C. v. violetta Grose-Smith, 1885 (southern Mozambique, South Africa: KwaZulu-Natal)
Realm
editTaxonomy
editCharaxes tiridates group.
The supposed clade members are:
- Charaxes tiridates
- Charaxes numenes - similar to next
- Charaxes bipunctatus - similar to last
- Charaxes violetta
- Charaxes fuscus
- Charaxes mixtus
- Charaxes bubastis
- Charaxes albimaculatus
- Charaxes barnsi
- Charaxes bohemani
- Charaxes schoutedeni
- Charaxes monteiri
- Charaxes smaragdalis
- Charaxes xiphares
- Charaxes cithaeron
- Charaxes nandina
- Charaxes imperialis
- Charaxes ameliae
- Charaxes pythodoris
- ? Charaxes overlaeti
For a full list see Eric Vingerhoedt, 2013.[7]
References
edit- ^ Grose-Smith, H. 1885. Descriptions of two new species of butterflies. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 21: 247-248.
- ^ a b c "Charaxes Ochsenheimer, 1816" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
- ^ a b Woodhall, Steve (2005). Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Cape Town, South Africa: Struik. ISBN 978-1-86872-724-7.
- ^ Aurivillius, [P.O.]C. 1908-1924. In: Seitz, A. Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde Band 13: Abt. 2, Die exotischen Großschmetterlinge, Die afrikanischen Tagfalter, 1925, 613 Seiten, 80 Tafeln (The Macrolepidoptera of the World 13).Alfred Kernen Verlag, Stuttgart.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Fox, R.M. 1963. New African butterflies. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 36: 213-224.
- ^ Van Someren, V.G.L. 1966. Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera:Nymphalidae). Part III. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology) 18: 45-101.
- ^ "African Charaxes/Charaxes Africains Eric Vingerhoedt, 2013". Archived from the original on 2013-06-27.
- Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 13: Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter. Plate XIII 31
- Victor Gurney Logan Van Someren, 1966 Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part III. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology)45-101.[3]
External links
edit- Images of C. v. violetta Royal Museum for Central Africa (Albertine Rift Project)
- Images of C. v. maritima (Albertine Rift Project)
- Images at Bold Charaxes violetta
- Bold images C. v. maritima (verso)
- Bold images C. v. melloni