The Zumbro River is a tributary of the Mississippi River in the Driftless Area of southeastern Minnesota in the United States. It is 64.6 miles (104.0 km) long[2] from the confluence of its principal tributaries and drains a watershed of 1,428 square miles (3,700 km2). The river's name in English is a change from its French name Rivière des Embarras ("Obstruction River") due to its mouth near Pine Island in the Mississippi River; the pronunciation changed from [dez‿ɑ̃.ba.ʁɑ] to /zʊmbroʊ/. The Dakota name for this river is Wapka Wazi Oju (Pines Planted River), having reference to the grove of great white pines at Pine Island.[3][4]
| Zumbro River Rivière des Embarras | |
|---|---|
 The North Fork of the Zumbro River in Zumbrota | |
  Mouth of the Zumbro River | |
| Native name | Wapka Wazi Oju (Dakota) |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Minnesota |
| Counties | Olmsted, Wabasha |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | |
| • location | Zumbro Lake |
| • coordinates | 44°09′10″N 92°28′02″W / 44.1527433°N 92.4671246°W |
| Mouth | |
• location | Alma City, Minnesota |
• coordinates | 44°17′30″N 91°55′41″W / 44.2916319°N 91.9279396°W |
| Length | 64.6 miles (104.0 km) |
| Basin features | |
| River system | Upper Mississippi River |
| Tributaries | |
| • left | North Branch Middle Fork Zumbro River, North Fork Zumbro River, Spring Creek, Trout Brook[1] |
| • right | Fry Slough, Long Creek, Middle Creek, Middle Fork Zumbro River, Pine Slough, Silver Spring Creek, South Branch Middle Fork Zumbro River, South Fork Zumbro River, West Indian Creek[1] |
| Waterbodies | Zumbro Lake |
Course
editThe Zumbro rises as three forks:
The South Fork Zumbro River, 57.6 miles (92.7 km) long,[2] rises about 2 miles (3 km) east of Hayfield in southern Dodge County and flows generally eastwardly into Olmsted County, where it turns northward at Rochester and flows into southwestern Wabasha County. The South Fork's course through Rochester has been channelized as part of a flood control project. It is dammed in Wabasha County, by the Lake Zumbro Hydroelectric Generating Plant to form Lake Zumbro.
At Rochester, the river measures approximately 153 cubic feet per second (4.3 m3/s).[5]
The Middle Fork Zumbro River, 52.9 miles (85.1 km) long,[2] rises in northeastern Steele County, about 8 miles (13 km) west of West Concord and flows generally eastwardly through northern Dodge, southwestern Goodhue and northeastern Olmsted counties, past Pine Island and Oronoco. At Pine Island it collects the North Branch Middle Fork Zumbro River, which rises in southwestern Goodhue County and flows eastwardly through southern Goodhue and northern Dodge counties. At Oronoco it collects the South Branch Middle Fork Zumbro River, which rises in eastern Steele County and flows eastwardly into Dodge County, past Mantorville. The Middle Fork meets the South Fork in north-central Olmsted County as part of Zumbro Lake.
The North Fork Zumbro River, 57.5 miles (92.5 km) long,[2] rises 7.5 miles (12.1 km) southeast of Faribault in southeastern Rice County and flows eastwardly through southern Goodhue and southwestern Wabasha counties, past Kenyon, Wanamingo, Zumbrota and Mazeppa.[1]
The North and South forks join about 4 miles (6 km) east of Mazeppa in southwestern Wabasha County, and the Zumbro River flows eastwardly through Wabasha County, through the Richard J. Dorer Memorial Hardwood State Forest and past Zumbro Falls, Hammond, Millville and Kellogg. It flows into the Mississippi River about 4 miles (6 km) east of Kellogg. At this town, the river measures approximately 880 cubic feet per second (25 m3/s) .[5]
Fish species near Rochester
editSome species of fish that can be found in the Zumbro River near Rochester include the green sunfish; rock, smallmouth and largemouth bass; the common carp, creek chub, channel catfish, and northern pike.[1]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d "Zumbro River" (PDF). Minnesota DNR. Retrieved March 28, 2021.
- ^ a b c d U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map Archived 2012-03-29 at the Wayback Machine, accessed October 4, 2012
- ^ Upham, Warren (1920). Minnesota Geographic Names: Their Origin and Historic Significance. Minnesota Historical Society. p. 559.
- ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Zumbro River
- ^ a b "Water Data". USGS.
- "Columbia Gazetteer of North America entry". Bartleby. Archived from the original on 2007-02-25.
- DeLorme (1994). Minnesota Atlas & Gazetteer. Yarmouth, Maine: DeLorme. ISBN 0-89933-222-6.
- Waters, Thomas F. (1977). The Streams and Rivers of Minnesota. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 0-8166-0960-8.