This is a list of known wars, conflicts, battles/sieges, missions and operations involving former kingdoms and states in the Indian subcontinent and the modern day Republic of India as well as its predecessors.
Ancient India (c. 15th to 1st century BCE)
| Name of conflict | Belligerents | Belligerents | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| Battle of the Ten Kings (c. 14th century BCE) | Bharata tribe | Ten King Alliance | Bharatas Victory
|
| Kurukshetra War | Pandavas of Kuru Kingdom | Kaurava of Kuru Kingdom | Pandavas Victory
|
| Kosala-Kashi war (c. 650 BCE) |
Kosala kingdom | Kasi kingdom | Kosala Victory
|
| Kosala conquest of Gaṇasaṅgha (c. 600 to 550 BCE) |
Kosala kingdom | Gaṇasaṅghas Kālāma Shakya Koliya |
Kosala Victory
|
| Gandhāra-Avanti war (c. 575 BCE) |
Gandhāra kingdom | Pradyota dynasty | Gandhāra Victory
|
| Magadha-Anga war (c. 535 BCE) |
Haryanka dynasty | Anga Kingdom | Magadha Victory
|
| Achaemenid conquest of the Indus Valley (c. 535/518BCE–450 BCE) |
Mahajanapadas | Achaemenid Empire | Achaemenid Victory
|
| Avanti-Magadhan wars (c. 510 BCE–400 BCE) |
Magadha Empire | Avanti (Ancient India) | Magadha Victory
|
| Magadha-Kosala war (c. Late 5th century BCE) |
Kosala kingdom | Magadha led by Haryanka dynasty | Magadha Victory
|
| Magadha-Vajji war (c. 484 BCE–468 BCE) |
Magadha Empire | Vajjika League led by the Licchavis | Magadha Victory
|
| Indian campaign of Alexander the Great (c. 327 BCE–325 BCE) |
Macedonian Empire
League of Corinth |
Indian Kingdoms
|
Macedon Victory
Macedonia conquers up to the Beas River, yet has to stop its advance in the Indus. |
| Nanda conquest of Northern India
(c. 4th century BCE) |
North Indian states
Kasheyas Ikshvakus Panchalas Shurasenas Kurus Haihayas Vitihotras Kalingas Ashmakas |
Nanda Victory | |
| Conquest of the Nanda Empire (c. 323 BCE–322 BCE) |
Magadha | Chandragupta Maurya | Maurya Victory
|
| Chandragupta's conquest of North-western India
(322-317 BCE) |
Magadha | Alexander's governors and their states (satraps) | Mauryan Victory
|
| Chandragupta's conquest of Deccan
(4th century BCE) |
Magadha | Southern states | Mauryan Victory |
| Seleucid–Mauryan war (c. 305 BCE–303 BCE) |
Magadha | Seleucid Empire | Maurya Victory |
| Kalinga War (c. 262 BCE–261 BCE) |
Magadha | Kalinga | Maurya Victory
|
| Shunga-Greek War (2nd Century BCE) |
Magadha | Greco-Bactrian Kingdom | Shunga Victory |
Early Chola invasion of Anuradhapura
|
Chola dynasty | Anuradhapura Kingdom | Anuradhapura Victory |
| Shunga-Vidarbha War
(145 BCE) |
Shunga Empire | Vidarbha kingdom (Mauryan era) | Shunga Victory |
Classical India (c. 1st to 6th century CE)
Early Medieval India (c. 7th to 12th century CE)
Late Medieval India (c. 13th to 15th century CE)
Early Modern India (c. 16th to mid 19th century CE)
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Modern India (c. 1857 to 1947 CE)
Wars involving British Indian Empire
Following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the rule of the British East India company came to end and the British crown began to rule over India directly as per the Government of India Act 1858. India was now a single empire comprising British India and the princely states.
- British Indian defeat
- British Indian victory
- Another result (e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result of civil or internal conflict, result unknown or indecisive)
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Independent India (c. 1947–present)
Wars involving the Dominion and Republic of India
In 1947, the British Indian Empire split into the Dominion of Pakistan and the Dominion of India. The Indian Army, the Royal Indian Air Force and the Royal Indian Navy too, were divided between the two countries. In 1950, the Union of India became the Republic of India after abolishing monarchy.
- Indian defeat
- Indian victory
- Another result (e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result of civil or internal conflict, result unknown or indecisive)
- Ongoing conflict
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See also
Notes
- ^ unofficial Portuguese soldiers just helped the Zamorin.
- ^ ONUC, the United Nations Operation in the Congo, included troops from Ghana, Tunisia, Morocco, Ethiopia, Ireland, Guinea, Sweden, Mali, Sudan, Liberia, Canada, India, Indonesia and the United Arab Republic among others.[citation needed]
- ^ The secession of Katanga and South Kasai was also supported by South Africa, France and the neighbouring Central African Federation.[citation needed] However, it was never officially recognised by any other state.[citation needed]
References
- ^ Strabo, Geography, xv.2.9
- ^ Kosmin, Paul J. (2014), The Land of the Elephant Kings: Space, Territory, and Ideology in Seleucid Empire, Harvard University Press, pp. 33–34, ISBN 978-0-674-72882-0
- ^ Smith, Vincent Arthur (1920), The Oxford History of India: From the Earliest Times to the End of 1911, Clarendon Press, pp. 104–106
- ^ Loureiro, Rui Manuel. Galiote Pereira_Algumas cousas sabidas da China_1992.
- ^ "History of Ayutthaya - Foreign Settlements - Portuguese Settlement". www.ayutthaya-history.com. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
- ^ "History of Ayutthaya - Essays - Spain". www.ayutthaya-history.com. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
- ^ "History of Ayutthaya - Historical Events - Timeline 1600-1649". www.ayutthaya-history.com. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
- ^ Wellen, Kathryn (2015). "The Danish East India Company's War against the Mughal Empire, 1642–1698" (PDF). Journal of Early Modern History. 19 (5): 448. doi:10.1163/15700658-12342470 – via Brill.
Appalled, Pessart sent a formal declaration of war in 1642 and sent two of Tranquebar's best ships north to attack Bengal, where they captured a ship they renamed Den Bengalske Prise.
- ^ Boland-Crewe, Tara; Lea, David (2003). The Territories and States of India (e-book ed.). Taylor & Francis. p. 145. ISBN 9781135356255.
- ^ Poonen, T. I. (1978). Dutch Hegemony in Malabar and Its Collapse, A.D. 1663-1795. Department of Publications, University of Kerala. p. 70.
- ^ Lobato, 1965, p.100.
- ^ a b Franco-Indian Alliances
- ^ L.Lee, Johnathan (1996). The 'Ancient Supremacy': Bukhara, Afghanistan & the Battle for Balkh, 1731–1901. Brill Publishers. p. 150. ISBN 978-90-04-10399-3. ISSN 0929-2403.
- ^ Chester Neal Tate, Governments of the world: a global guide to citizens' rights and responsibilities, Macmillan Reference USA/Thomson Gale, 2006, p. 205.
- ^ http://www.asianage.com/debate/age-debate-after-tripura-it-time-revoke-afspa-jammu-and-kashmir-922 [bare URL]
- ^ "AFSPA removed from Meghalaya, eight police stations in Arunachal Pradesh". www.msn.com. Archived from the original on 23 April 2018.
- ^ "Are India's plans to celebrate 1965 war 'victory' in 'bad taste'?". Geeta Pandey. BBC News. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
- ^ Asia Times Online :: Southeast Asia news and business from Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia and Vietnam. Atimes.com (2010-04-22). Retrieved on 2014-05-21.
- ^ "Cold war games". Bharat Rakshak. Archived from the original on 9 June 2011. Retrieved 20 October 2009.
- ^ "Birth of a nation". The Indian Express. 11 December 2009. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
- ^ VSM, Brig Amar Cheema (31 March 2015). The Crimson Chinar: The Kashmir Conflict: A Politico Military Perspective. Lancer Publishers. ISBN 9788170623014. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
- ^ Rajagopalan, Rajesh; Mishra, Atul (2015). Nuclear South Asia: Keywords and Concepts. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-32475-1.
- ^ a b "Role of Russia, America, China and Britain". Archived from the original on 1 November 2011. Retrieved 21 April 2023.
- ^ Alvandi, Roham (2016). Nixon, Kissinger, and the Shah: The United States and Iran in the Cold War. Oxford University Press. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-19-061068-5. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
- ^ Mudiam, Prithvi Ram (1994). India and the Middle East. British Academic Press. ISBN 9781850437031. Retrieved 24 December 2016.
- ^ "India and Its Neighbors: Cooperation or Confrontation?" (PDF). CIA. p. 7.
- ^ "The Island".
- ^ "Brief Overview of Sri Lanka's Foreign Relations to Post-Independence". Foreign Ministry – Sri Lanka.
- ^ "Pak thanks Lanka for help in 1971 war". Hindustan Times. 11 June 2011. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
- ^ Bowman, Martin (30 January 2016). Cold war jet combat. Pen and Sword. ISBN 9781473874633. Retrieved 21 April 2023.
- ^ Ganguly, Sumit; Paul Kapur (7 August 2012). India, Pakistan, and the Bomb: Debating Nuclear Stability in South Asia. Columbia University Press. pp. 27–28. ISBN 978-0-231-14375-2.
- ^ a b Gall, Carlotta (21 January 2007). "At Border, Signs of Pakistani Role in Taliban Surge – New York Times". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 December 2011.
- ^ "Pakistani opposition presses for Sharif's resignation". Wsws.org. 7 August 1999. Retrieved 15 June 2012.
- ^ "New Zealand joins NATO's counter-piracy mission Ocean Shield". NATO. 21 January 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2014.
- ^ "India-China border dispute: Can the peace last?". DW News. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
- ^ "How India and China pulled back from a border war — and why now". Federica Marsi. Al Jazeera English. Retrieved 22 October 2024.