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Wim Wenders

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Ernst Wilhelm "Wim" Wenders (German: [ˈvɪm ˈvɛndɐs]; born 14 August 1945) is a German filmmaker and author, who is a major figure in New German Cinema.[1] Among the honors he has received are prizes from the Cannes, Venice, and Berlin film festivals. He has also received a BAFTA Award and been nominated for three Academy Awards and a Grammy Award.

Wim Wenders
Wenders in 2024
Born
Ernst Wilhelm Wenders

(1945-08-14) 14 August 1945 (age 79)
Düsseldorf, Germany
Occupations
  • Film director
  • screenwriter
  • producer
  • photographer
  • author
Years active1967–present
Spouses
Edda Köchl
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(m. 1968; div. 1974)​
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(m. 1974; div. 1978)​
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(m. 1979; div. 1981)​
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​
(m. 1981; div. 1982)​
Donata Wenders
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(m. 1993)​
AwardsFull list
Websitewww.wim-wenders.com

Wenders made his feature film debut with Summer in the City (1970). He earned critical acclaim for directing the films Alice in the Cities (1974), The Wrong Move (1975), and Kings of the Road (1976), later known as the Road Movie trilogy. Wenders won the BAFTA Award for Best Direction and the Palme d'Or for Paris, Texas (1984) and the Cannes Film Festival Best Director Award for Wings of Desire (1987). His other notable films include The American Friend (1977), Faraway, So Close! (1993), and Perfect Days (2023).[2][3]

Wenders has received three nominations for the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature: for Buena Vista Social Club (1999), Pina (2011), and The Salt of the Earth (2014). He received a nomination for the Grammy Award for Best Long Form Music Video for Willie Nelson at the Teatro (1998). He is also known for directing the documentaries Tokyo-Ga (1985), The Soul of a Man (2003), Pope Francis: A Man of His Word (2018), and Anselm (2023).

Wenders formerly served as the president of the European Film Academy from 1996–2020. He also earned an Honorary Golden Bear in 2015. He is an active photographer, emphasizing images of desolate landscapes.[4][5] He is considered an auteur director.[6]

Early life and education

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Wenders was born in Düsseldorf into a traditionally Catholic family. His father, Heinrich Wenders, was a surgeon. The Dutch name "Wim" is a shortened version of the baptismal name "Wilhelm". As a boy, Wenders took unaccompanied trips to Amsterdam to visit the Rijksmuseum. He graduated from high school in Oberhausen in the Ruhr area. He then studied medicine at the University of Freiburg (1963–64) and philosophy at the University of Dusseldorf (1964–65), but dropped out and moved to Paris in October 1966 in order to become a painter.[7] He failed his entry test at France's national film school, IDHEC (now La Fémis), and instead became an engraver at Johnny Friedlaender's studio in Montparnasse.[7] During this time he became fascinated with cinema, and saw up to five movies a day at the local movie theater.

Set on making his obsession his life's work, he returned to Germany in 1967 to work in the Düsseldorf office of United Artists. That fall, he entered the University of Television and Film Munich (HFF).[7] Between 1967 and 1970, while at the HFF, he also worked as a film critic for FilmKritik, the Munich daily newspaper Süddeutsche Zeitung, Twen magazine, and Der Spiegel.[7]

Wenders completed several short films before graduating from the Hochschule with a 16mm black-and-white film, Summer in the City (1970), his feature directorial debut.

Career

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1970–1976: Film debut and early work

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Wenders's career began in the late 1960s, the New German Cinema era.[8] Much of the distinctive cinematography in his movies is the result of a long-term collaboration with Dutch cinematographer Robby Müller.[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Wenders made his directorial film debut with Summer in the City (1970), his graduation project at the University of Television and Film Munich, which he attended from 1967 to 1970. Shot in 16 mm black-and-white by Müller, the movie exhibited many of Wenders's later trademark themes of aimless searching, running from invisible demons, and persistent wandering toward an indeterminate goal. Protagonist Hans (Zischler) is released from prison, and after searching through seedy West German streets and bars, he visits an old friend in Berlin.

Wenders then directed The Goalkeeper's Fear of the Penalty, titled The Goalie's Anxiety at the Penalty Kick in the United States. The film was adapted from Peter Handke's 1970 short novel. He then directed the period drama The Scarlet Letter (1973), adapted from Nathaniel Hawthorne's 1850 novel of the same name. From 1974 to 1976 Wender directed the Road Movie trilogy. The first film in the trilogy was Alice in the Cities (1974), which was shot in 16mm. The last two films are The Wrong Move (1975) and Kings of the Road (1976), the latter of which won the FIPRESCI Prize at the 1976 Cannes Film Festival.

1977–1987: Breakthrough and acclaim

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Wenders with Carrie Fisher in 1978

In 1977 Wenders gained prominence for directing the neo-noir The American Friend, starring Dennis Hopper and Bruno Ganz. The film is adapted from the Patricia Highsmith 1974 novel Ripley's Game. J. Hoberman of The New York Times has compared the film to Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver, writing, "Like Taxi Driver, The American Friend was a new sort of movie-movie—sleekly brooding, voluptuously alienated and saturated with cinephilia."[20]

Wenders earned critical acclaim for his road drama Paris, Texas (1984), starring Harry Dean Stanton, Nastassja Kinski and Dean Stockwell. The film premiered at the 1984 Cannes Film Festival, where it won the Palme d'Or. Critic Roger Ebert wrote of the film, "[it's] a movie with the kind of passion and willingness to experiment that was more common fifteen years ago than it is now. It has more links with films like Five Easy Pieces and Easy Rider and Midnight Cowboy than with the slick arcade games that are the box-office winners of the 1980s. It is true, deep, and brilliant".[21]

Wenders then directed the romance fantasy Wings of Desire (1987), starring Bruno Ganz and Peter Falk. It premiered at the 1987 Cannes Film Festival, where Wenders won the Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Director. Peter Handke co-wrote the screenplay. West Germany submitted Wings of Desire for consideration for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, a bid supported by its distribution company. It was not nominated; the academy seldom recognized West German cinema.[22] The film was one of the most acclaimed films of the year, with many critics adding it on their top 10 lists.

1991–2010: Career fluctuations

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Wenders at the 2002 Cannes Film Festival

In 1991 Wenders directed the science fiction adventure drama Until the End of the World, starring William Hurt, Solveig Dommartin, Max Von Sydow and Jeanne Moreau. The film has been released in several editions, ranging in length from 158 to 287 minutes, with the longer versions receiving mixed reviews. In 1993 he directed Faraway, So Close!, a sequel to Wings of Desire. Actors Otto Sander, Bruno Ganz and Peter Falk reprised their roles as angels who have become human. The film also stars Nastassja Kinski, Willem Dafoe and Heinz Rühmann, in his last film role. It received critical acclaim, premiering at the 1993 Cannes Film Festival, where it earned the Grand Prix. The next year, he directed Lisbon Story, which screened at Un Certain Regard at the 1994 Cannes Film Festival. In 1995 he directed both A Trick of Light and the anthology film Lumière and Company.

In 1997, Wenders directed the American drama film The End of Violence, starring Bill Pullman, Andie MacDowell, and Gabriel Byrne. The film received negative reviews and performed poorly at the box office after its debut at the 1997 Cannes Film Festival. Like many other of Wenders's American movies, it was shot in multiple locations, including the Griffith Observatory and the Santa Monica Pier. Wenders has directed several highly acclaimed documentaries, including Willie Nelson at the Teatro, a documentary about the recording sessions of Teatro (1998). The next year he directed Buena Vista Social Club, about the music of Cuba. It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. In 2002, he directed a documentary about the German rock group BAP called Vill passiert (A lot has happened).

2011–present: Resurgence with documentaries

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Wenders in 2008

Wenders has directed music videos for groups such as U2 and Talking Heads, including "Stay (Faraway, So Close!)" and "Sax and Violins".[citation needed] His television commercials include a UK advertisement for Carling Premier Canadian beer.[citation needed] Wenders's book Emotion Pictures, a collection of diary essays written as a film student, was adapted and broadcast as a series of plays on BBC Radio 3, featuring Peter Capaldi as Wenders, with Gina McKee, Saskia Reeves, Dennis Hopper, Harry Dean Stanton and Ricky Tomlinson, dramatized by Neil Cargill.

Wenders also directed a documentary-style film on the Skladanowsky brothers, known in English as A Trick of the Light.[23] The Skladanowsky brothers were inventing "moving pictures" when several others like the Lumière brothers and William Friese-Greene were doing the same. In 2011, Wenders was selected to stage the 2013 cycle of Richard Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen at the Bayreuth Festival.[24][25] The project fell through when he insisted on filming in 3-D, which the Wagner family found too costly and disruptive.[26] In 2012, while promoting his 3-D dance film Pina, Wenders told the Documentary channel blog that he had begun work on a new 3-D documentary about architecture.[27] He also said he would only work in 3-D from then on.[28] Wenders had admired the dance choreographer Pina Bausch since 1985, but only with the advent of digital 3-D cinema did he decide that he could sufficiently capture her work on screen.[29]

In 2015, Wenders collaborated with artist/journalist and longtime friend Melinda Camber Porter on a documentary feature about his body of work, Wim Wenders – Visions on Film. Porter died before it was finished, and the film remains incomplete.[30][31] Wenders is a member of the advisory board of World Cinema Foundation. The project was founded by Martin Scorsese and aims to find and reconstruct world cinema films that have been neglected. As of 2015 he served as a Jury Member for the digital studio Filmaka, a platform for undiscovered filmmakers to show their work to industry professionals.[32]

 
Wenders with wife Donata at Berlinale 2017

In June 2017, Wenders stage-directed Georges Bizet's opera Les Pêcheurs de perles, starring Olga Peretyatko and Francesco Demuro and conducted by Daniel Barenboim at the Berlin State Opera (Staatsoper). In a 2018 interview, he said his favorite movie of all time was his film about Pope Francis, and that his entire career had been building up to it. His admiration for Francis is profound; he said he felt Francis is doing his best in a world full of calamities. He also said that, though raised Catholic, he had converted to Protestantism years earlier.[33]

In 2019 Wenders acted as executive producer for his former assistant director Luca Lucchesi's documentary A Black Jesus, which has similar themes to Pope Francis: A Man of His Word. The film explores the role of religion in communal identity and how this can create or dissolve differences in a small Sicilian town during the height of the refugee crisis.[34] Lucchesi noted that Wenders pushed the film to be more symbolic and philosophical, saying that Wenders wanted the film to have a "universal fairy-tale aspect" and to represent "Europe in a nutshell".[35]

Photography

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Wenders has worked with photographic images of desolate landscapes and themes of memory, time, loss, nostalgia and movement.[4][5] He began his long-running project "Pictures from the Surface of the Earth" in the early 1980s and pursued it for 20 years. The initial photographic series was titled "Written in the West" and was produced while Wenders criss-crossed the American West in preparation for his film Paris, Texas (1984).[7] It became the starting point for a nomadic journey across the globe, including Germany, Australia, Cuba, Israel and Japan, to take photographs capturing the essence of a moment, place or space.[36]

Personal life

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Wenders lives and works in Berlin with his wife, Donata.[7] He has lived in Berlin since the mid-1970s.[37] He is an ecumenical Christian; as a teenager he wished to become a Catholic priest.[38] He supports German football club Borussia Dortmund.[39]

In 2009, Wenders signed a petition in support of director Roman Polanski, who had been detained while traveling to a film festival in relation to his 1977 sexual abuse charges, which the petition argued would undermine the tradition of film festivals as a place for works to be shown "freely and safely" and argued that arresting filmmakers traveling to neutral countries could open the door to "actions of which no-one can know the effects."[40][41]

From 1979 to 1981, Wenders was married to the American actress and singer-songwriter Ronee Blakley.

Filmography

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Film

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Short film

Year Title Director Writer Producer Notes
1967 Scenary' Yes Yes Yes Also cinematographer and editor
1968 Same Player Shoots Again Yes Yes Yes
Blurb Film Yes No No Co-directed with Gerhard Theuring
Victor I. Yes No No
1969 Alabama (2000 Light Years) Yes Yes No Also editor and sound
1992 Arisha, the Bear, and the Stone Ring Yes Yes Yes
1995 Segment 38 Yes No No Segment of Lumière et compagnie
2002 Twelve Miles to Trona Yes Yes No Segment from Ten Minutes Older: The Trumpet
2003 Other Side of the Road Yes No No
2007 War in Peace Yes Yes No Segment of To Each His Own Cinema
2008 Person to Person Yes Yes No Segment of 8
2012 Ver ou Não Ver Yes Yes No Segment of Mundo Invisível
2010 If Buildings Could Talk Yes Yes No
2015 Two or Three Thoughts on Edward Hopper Yes Yes Yes Also executive producer
2019 (E)motion Yes Yes Yes

Feature film

Year Title Director Writer Producer
1970 Summer in the City Yes Yes Yes
1972 The Goalkeeper's Fear of the Penalty Yes Yes Yes
1973 The Scarlet Letter Yes Yes Yes
1974 Alice in the Cities Yes Yes Yes
1975 The Wrong Move Yes No Uncredited
1976 Kings of the Road Yes Yes Yes
1977 The American Friend Yes Yes Yes
1982 Hammett Yes No No
The State of Things Yes Yes Yes
1984 Paris, Texas Yes No No
1987 Wings of Desire Yes Yes Yes
1991 Until the End of the World Yes Yes Co-producer
1993 Faraway, So Close! Yes Yes Yes
1994 Lisbon Story Yes Yes Yes
1995 Beyond the Clouds Partial [a] Yes No
1997 The End of Violence Yes Yes Yes
2000 The Million Dollar Hotel Yes No Yes
2004 Land of Plenty Yes Yes No
2005 Don't Come Knocking Yes Yes Executive
(uncredited)
2008 Palermo Shooting Yes Yes Yes
2015 Every Thing Will Be Fine Yes No No
2016 The Beautiful Days of Aranjuez Yes Yes No
2017 Submergence Yes No No
2023 Perfect Days Yes Yes Yes

Producer only

Executive producer only

Documentary works

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Short film

Year Title Director Writer Producer Notes
1969 Silver City Revisited Yes Yes Yes Also cinematographer and editor
1982 Reverse Angle Yes Yes Yes
2007 Invisible Crimes Yes Yes No Segment of Invisibles
2010 If Buildings Could Talk Yes Yes No
Il volo Yes Yes No [54]
2014 The Berlin Philharmonic Yes Yes No Segment of Cathedrals of Culture[55]
2022 Présence Yes Yes Executive
2023 Somebody Comes Into the Light Yes No Yes

Film

Year Title Director Writer Producer Notes
1980 Lightning Over Water Yes Yes Yes Co-directed by Nicholas Ray;
Also editor
1985 Tokyo-Ga Yes Yes Yes Also editor and narrator
1989 Notebook on Cities and Clothes Yes Yes Yes Also cinematographer and narrator
1995 A Trick of Light Yes Yes Yes
1998 Willie Nelson at the Teatro Yes Yes No
1999 Buena Vista Social Club Yes Yes No
2002 Ode to Cologne: A Rock 'N' Roll Film Yes Yes No
2003 The Soul of a Man Yes Yes No
2011 Pina Yes Yes Yes [56]
2014 The Salt of the Earth Yes Yes Executive Co-directed with Juliano Ribeiro Salgado
2018 Pope Francis: A Man of His Word Yes Yes Yes
2023 Anselm Yes No Yes [57][58]

TV movies

Year Title Director Writer Producer
1969 Kaspar Hauser Yes No No
1982 Room 666 Yes Yes Yes

TV series

Year Title Director Writer Notes
1977 A House for Us Yes No 2 episodes
2020 4 Walls Berlin Yes Yes Episode "Change"

Television

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TV shorts

Year Title Director Writer Producer Notes
1969 Police Film Yes Yes Yes Also cinematographer and editor
3 Americans LPS Yes No No Also editor

Music video

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Year Title Artist
1990 "Night and Day" U2
1992 "Sax and Violins" Talking Heads
1993 "Stay (Faraway, So Close!)" U2
1997 "Every Time I Try" Spain[citation needed]
2000 "The Ground Beneath Her Feet" U2
"Warum werde ich nicht satt?" Die Toten Hosen
2001 "Souljacker Part I" Eels
2002 "Live in a Hiding Place" Idlewild[59]
2009 "Auflösen" Die Toten Hosen
2020 "Anagnorisis" Asaf Avidan

Commercials

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Year Title Director Writer Subject
2000 "Un matin partout dans le monde" Yes Yes JCDecaux
2009 "My Point of View" Yes Yes Leica[60]
2017–2018 Jil Sander: Spring/Summer 2018 Yes Yes Jil Sander[61]
2021 A Future Together Yes No Salvatore Frengasso

Legacy and honors

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Year Association Category Nominated work Result Ref.
2000 Academy Awards Best Documentary Feature Film Buena Vista Social Club Nominated [62]
2012 Pina Nominated [63]
2015 The Salt of the Earth Nominated [64]
2023 Asia Pacific Screen Awards Best Feature Film Perfect Days Won [65]
2024 Asian Film Awards Best Film Nominated [66]
[67]
1987 Bavarian Film Awards Best Director Wings of Desire Won [68]
1993 Faraway, So Close! Won [69]
1988 Belgian Film Critics Association Grand Prix Wings of Desire Won [70]
2024 Perfect Days Nominated [71]
2015 Berlin International Film Festival Honorary Golden Bear — Won [72]
1985 British Academy Film Awards Best Direction Paris, Texas Won [73]
1989 Best Film Not in the English Language Wings of Desire Nominated [74]
2000 Buena Visa Social Club Nominated [75]
2012 Pina Nominated [76]
1984 Cannes Film Festival Palme d'Or Paris, Texas Won [77]
1987 Best Director Wings of Desire Won [78]
1993 Grand Prix Faraway, So Close! Won [79]
1978 César Awards Best Foreign Film The American Friend Nominated [80]
1985 Paris, Texas Nominated
1988 Wings of Desire Nominated
2015 Best Documentary Film The Salt of the Earth Won
2024 Best Foreign Film Perfect Days Nominated
1985 David di Donatello Best Foreign Film Paris, Texas Nominated [81]
2015 The Salt of the Earth Nominated
1988 European Film Awards European Film Wings of Desire Nominated [82]
European Director Won
1999 European Documentary Buena Visa Social Club Won [83]
2005 European Director Don't Come Knocking Nominated [84]
2011 European Documentary Pina Won [85]
2024 Lifetime Achievement Award — Honored [86]
2017 Filmfest Hamburg Douglas Sirk Award — Won [87]
2001 Grammy Awards Best Long Form Music Video Teatro (Video) Nominated [88]
2004 International Filmfestival Mannheim-Heidelberg Master of Cinema Award — Won [89]
2024 Japan Academy Film Prize Director of the Year Perfect Days Won [90]
2005 Locarno Film Festival Leopard of Honour — Won [91]
1982 Venice Film Festival Golden Lion The State of Things Won [92]
2012 Writers Guild of America Awards Best Documentary Screenplay Pina Nominated [93]

Wenders has been awarded honorary doctorates by the Sorbonne in Paris in 1989, the University of Fribourg (Switzerland) in 1995, and the Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, in 2005. The Wim Wenders Foundation was established in Düsseldorf in 2012. It provides a framework to bring together his cinematic, photographic, artistic and literary works in his native country and make them permanently accessible to the public.[94] In 2016, he received the Großer Kulturpreis of the Sparkassen Culture-Foundation Rhineland.[95]

Exhibitions

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1986–1992

  • Written in the West, in conjunction with the publication, Written in the West, Munich: Schirmer/Mosel (1987)[96]

1993–1995

  • Wim Wenders Photo Exhibition, in conjunction with the publication, Once, Munich: Schirmer/ Mosel (2001)[96]

2004

  • Pictures from the Surface of the Earth, Australia and Japan, James Cohan Gallery, New York[97]
  • Between The Lines, group exhibition, James Cohan Gallery, New York[98]

2006

  • Wim Wenders: Immagini dal pianeta terra, Scuderie del Quirinale, Rome, Italy[99][100]
  • Journey to Onomichi – Photos by Wim and Donata Wenders,[101] Omotesando Hills, Tokyo, Japan[102]

2011

  • Places, strange and quiet, Haunch of Venison, London, UK[103]

2012

  • Places Strange and Quiet, Ostlicht. Galerie Für Fotografie, Vienna, AT[104]
  • Places, strange and quiet, Harald Falckenberg Exhibition Space, Deichtorhallen, Hamburg, DE[105]
  • Wim Wenders: Pictures from the Surface of the Earth,[106] Multimedia Art Museum, Moscow, RU

2014

  • Wim Wenders: Places Strange & Quiet, GL Strand, Copenhagen, DK
  • Wim Wenders: Urban Solitude, Palazzo Incontro, Rome, IT[107]

2015

2016

  • "The Space Between the Characters Can Carry the Load", Collection Ivo Wessel, Weserburg Museum for modern Art, Bremen, DE

2017/2018

  • "Instant Stories/Wim Wenders' Polaroids", The Photographers' Gallery, London, from 20 October 2017 to 11 February 2018.[110]

Installation art

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2019

2020

  • Two or Three Things I Know About Edward Hopper[112]

2022

Bibliography

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  • Lindbergh, Peter; Wenders, Wim (2002), Peter Lindbergh: stories, Santa Fe: Arena Editions, ISBN 978-1-892041-64-7
  • Shepard, Sam; Wenders, Wim (1991), Paris, Texas: Screenplay, New York: Ecco Press, ISBN 978-0-88001-266-9
  • Steinhilber, Berthold; Wenders, Wim (2003), Ghost towns of the American West, New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., ISBN 978-0-8109-4508-1
  • Wenders, Wim (1986), Emotion pictures: Essays und Filmkritiken, 1968–1984, Frankfurt: Verlag der Autoren, ISBN 978-3-88661-078-5
  • Wenders, Wim (1989), Emotion pictures: reflections on cinema, London: Faber and Faber, ISBN 978-0-571-15271-1
  • Wenders, Wim (2001), Once: pictures and stories, New York: DAP/Schirmer/Mosel, ISBN 978-1-891024-25-2
  • Wenders, Wim (1984), Paris, Texas, Nördlingen: Greno, ISBN 978-3-921568-11-8
  • Wenders, Wim (2001), Written in the West, New York: teNeues, ISBN 978-3-8238-5469-2
  • Wenders, Wim; Handke, Peter (1998), Der Himmel über Berlin: Ein Filmbuch von Wim Wenders und Peter Handke (in German), Berlin: Suhrkamp Verlag, ISBN 978-3-518-02406-5
  • Wenders, Wim; Hofmann, Michael (1992), The logic of images: essays and conversations, London: Faber and Faber, ISBN 978-0-571-16517-9
  • Wenders, Wim (1997), The Act of Seeing:Essays and Conversations, London: Faber and Faber, ISBN 978-0-571178-43-8
  • Wenders, Wim; Hofmann, Michael (2000), My time with Antonioni: the diary of an extraordinary experience, London: Faber and Faber, ISBN 978-0-571-20076-4
  • Wenders, Wim; Hofmann, Michael (2001), On film: essays and conversations, London: Faber and Faber, ISBN 978-0-571-20718-3
  • Wenders, Wim; Tawada, Yoko (2007), Where Europe begins, New York: New Directions Publishers, ISBN 978-0-8112-1702-6
  • Wenders, Wim; Wenders, Donata (2000), The heart is a sleeping Beauty: the Million Dollar Hotel - a film book, New York: teNeues, ISBN 978-3-8238-5468-5
  • Wenders, Wim; Zournazi, Mary (2013), Inventing Peace: A Dialogue on Perception, London: I.B.Tauris, ISBN 978-1-78076-693-5

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Director of the prologue, intermissions & epilogue

References

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  1. ^ Kürten, Jochen (8 July 2013). "The eclectic filmmaker: Wim Wenders at 75". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  2. ^ Boyero, Carlos (13 January 2024). "'Perfect Days': so alone and so happy". EL PAÍS English. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  3. ^ Schilling, Mark (4 January 2024). "Wim Wenders' 'Perfect Days' finds beauty in small pleasures". The Japan Times. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  4. ^ a b Wenders, Wim (22 April 2011). "Wim Wenders: Places, Strange And Quiet – in pictures | Art and design". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  5. ^ a b Art Photography (4 April 2011). "Wim Wenders: Show, don't tell". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  6. ^ Lehrer, Adam. "MoMA Celebrates Auteur Director Wim Wenders With Retrospective". Forbes. Retrieved 23 June 2017.
  7. ^ a b c d e f "Wim Wenders". polkagalerie.com. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
  8. ^ Dollar, Steve (29 November 2023). "Wim Wenders' new films explore the 'poetic medium' of 3-D and Tokyo toilets". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  9. ^ "A Robby Müller Retrospective". The Criterion Collection. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  10. ^ "Master of Light – Robby Müller". Eye. 24 December 2015. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  11. ^ Fox, Killian (22 June 2019). "The private Polaroids of a celebrated cinematographer". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  12. ^ Wenders, Wim. "The maestro of light". iguzzini.
  13. ^ AnOther (24 June 2019). "The Little-Known Polaroids of Paris, Texas Cinematographer Robby Müller". AnOther. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  14. ^ "Unseen Polaroids by Robby Müller: the legendary cinematographer and Wim Wenders collaborator". HERO magazine. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  15. ^ "Wim Wenders Pays Tribute to 'Paris, Texas' Cinematographer Robby Muller". The Hollywood Reporter. 5 July 2018. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  16. ^ "Robby Müller's unseen polaroids | 1854 Photography". www.1854.photography. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  17. ^ "Remembering Robby Müller, NSC, BVK – The American Society of Cinematographers". ascmag.com. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  18. ^ Tartaglione, Nancy (4 July 2018). "Robby Müller Dies: Cinematographer Of Classics From Wenders, Jarmusch, Von Trier Was 78". Deadline. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  19. ^ "The extraordinary Polaroids taken by legendary cinematographer Robby Müller". Far Out Magazine. 4 April 2020. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  20. ^ "Wim Wenders's High Plains Grifter". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  21. ^ Ebert, Roger (1 January 1984). "Paris, Texas". RogerEbert.com. Archived from the original on 9 July 2014. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
  22. ^ Dickinson, Robert. "The Unbearable Weight of Winning: Garci's Trilogy of Melancholy and the Foreign Language Oscar" (PDF). Spectator. p. 13. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 November 2010. Retrieved 2 July 2017 – via University of Southern California.
  23. ^ A Trick of the Light at IMDb
  24. ^ "German Information Centre South Asia | Facebook". German-info.com. 8 March 2015. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  25. ^ [1] Archived 3 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  26. ^ [2] Archived 3 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  27. ^ [3] Archived 5 December 2012 at the Wayback Machine
  28. ^ "It's 3D or Bust for 'Pina' Director Wim Wenders – Speakeasy – WSJ". The Wall Street Journal. 23 December 2011. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  29. ^ "Wim Wenders On 'Pina': A Dance Documentary in 3-D". NPR. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
  30. ^ "Wim Wenders Film Festival". www.wimwendersfilmfestival.com. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015.
  31. ^ "Wim Wenders keeps looking for new canvases". Los Angeles Times. 12 March 2015. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  32. ^ "Profile Jury". Filmaka.com. 14 August 1945. Archived from the original on 10 July 2009. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  33. ^ Amanpour, Christiane (host) (23 May 2018). "Amanpour: Joseph Yun and Wim Wenders". Amanpour on PBS. PBS.
  34. ^ "ROAD MOVIES | A BLACK JESUS". roadmovies.com. Retrieved 9 October 2020.
  35. ^ Cunningham, Nick (23 June 2020). "Cannes Marché: Tale of A Black Jesus – Business Doc Europe". Retrieved 9 October 2020.
  36. ^ Rose, Barbara (1 January 2004). "Wim Wenders: Pictures From the Surface of the Earth". The Brooklyn Rail. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  37. ^ Michael, Chris (23 September 2014). "Wim Wenders on his Berlin: 'Oh man, has it ever changed!'". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
  38. ^ Burger, John (17 May 2018). "Exclusive interview: Wim Wenders discusses the Catholic influences on his film about Pope Francis". Aleteia. Aleteia SAS. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
  39. ^ "Wim Wenders Showreel (please do not edit)". 2AM Films. Archived from the original on 17 October 2021.
  40. ^ "Le cinéma soutient Roman Polanski / Petition for Roman Polanski – SACD". archive.ph. 4 June 2012. Archived from the original on 4 June 2012. Retrieved 20 April 2022.
  41. ^ Shoard, Catherine; Agencies (29 September 2009). "Release Polanski, demands petition by film industry luminaries". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 28 June 2019. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  42. ^ "...ALS DIESEL GEBOREN (1979)". BFI. Archived from the original on 5 June 2022. Retrieved 5 June 2022.
  43. ^ "Go for Gold". www.tcm.com. Retrieved 5 June 2022.
  44. ^ Half the Rent, retrieved 5 June 2022
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