Westside Community Board of Education v. Mergens
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Westside Community Board of Education v. Mergens, 496 U.S. 226 (1990), was a United States Supreme Court case involving a school district's ability to hold classes on Bible study after school.
| Westside Community Board of Education v. Mergens | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Argued January 9, 1990 Decided June 4, 1990 | |
| Full case name | Board of Education of the Westside Community Schools, etc., et al., Petitioners v. Bridget C. Mergens, by and through her next friend, Daniel N. Mergens, et al. |
| Citations | 496 U.S. 226 (more) 110 S. Ct. 2356; 110 L. Ed. 2d 191; 1990 U.S. LEXIS 2880; 58 U.S.L.W. 4720 |
| Case history | |
| Prior | 867 F.2d 1076 (8th Cir. 1989); cert. granted, 492 U.S. 917 (1989). |
| Holding | |
| School districts may not prohibit Bible study groups from meeting on school premises if they allow other groups to meet on school premises. | |
| Court membership | |
| |
| Case opinions | |
| Majority | O'Connor (parts I, II-A, II-B, II-C), joined by Rehnquist, White, Blackmun, Scalia, Kennedy |
| Plurality | O'Connor (part III), joined by Rehnquist, White, Blackmun |
| Concurrence | Kennedy, joined by Scalia |
| Concurrence | Marshall, joined by Brennan |
| Dissent | Stevens |
| Laws applied | |
| U.S. Const. amend. I; Equal Access Act | |
Background
editWestside High School, in District 66, located in Omaha, Nebraska, refused to allow a group of students to form a Christian Bible Study Club within their school. Bridget Mergens is the name of the student who initiated the process to start the club. She was a senior at the time. It was decided that the club could not take place because they would not allow a staff member to sponsor it (staff sponsoring was required or the club meetings could not take place at the school). The students argued that the district's decision was in violation of the federal Equal Access Act requiring that groups seeking to express messages containing "religious, political, philosophical, or other content" not be denied the ability to form clubs.
Opinion of the Court
editIn an 8–1 decision,[1] the Court held that denying equal access to the religious club violated the Equal Access Act, and that treating a religious club equally, including providing a sponsor like other clubs, would not constitute an endorsement of religion prohibited by the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.[2]
The school's situation was placed under the Equal Access Act because it allowed other ‘limited open forums’. In Part III of Justice O'Connor's opinion, which did not reach a majority of the Court, she applied the Lemon Test to find that the Equal Access Act is constitutional as applied in this case. Justice Kennedy, meanwhile, analyzed the application of the Act under different Court precedents, focusing more upon "coercion".
Dissent
editJustice Stevens, in a dissenting opinion, would have avoided the Establishment Clause issue.
See also
editReferences
editExternal links
edit- Text of Westside Community Board of Education v. Mergens, 496 U.S. 226 (1990) is available from: Cornell CourtListener Google Scholar Justia Library of Congress Oyez (oral argument audio)