Sedum album, the white stonecrop, is a flowering plant of the genus Sedum in the family Crassulaceae. It is found in the northern temperate regions of the world, often growing in crevices or free-draining rocky soil. As a long-day plant it grows vegetatively for most of the year and flowers in summer.[1]
| Sedum album | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Saxifragales |
| Family: | Crassulaceae |
| Genus: | Sedum |
| Species: | S. album
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| Binomial name | |
| Sedum album | |
Taxonomy
editThree subspecies album, micranthum (Bastard ex DC.) Syme and teretifolium Syme have been described. [2][3][4] In 2015, a new subspecies rupimelitense was described in Malta.[5]
Description
editWhite stonecrop is a tufted perennial herb that forms mat-like stands. Much of the year the stems are short, semi prostrate and densely clad in leaves. At the flowering time in July and August, the stems lengthen and are erect, occasionally branched and often pinkish-brown. The leaves are alternate, fleshy and nearly cylindrical with a blunt, rounded tip. They are also sometimes tinged with pink, especially in drought-stressed plants. The starry flowers form a dense cyme. The calyx has five fleshy sepals fused at the base, the corolla consists of five regular white petals, there are ten stamens, a separate gynoecium and five pistils. The fruit is five united, many-seeded follicles.[6]
Habitat
editWhite stonecrop is a low-growing plant that cannot compete with more vigorous fast-growing species. It is specially adapted for growing on thin dry soils and can be found on walls, dry banks, seashore rocks and in rocky meadows.[6]
Physiology
editSedum album is able to acclimate to its environment. It can switch between C3 carbon fixation and crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) depending on the availability of water. CAM saves water as the stomata on its leaves only open to allow CO2 to diffuse into the leaves at night when the temperature (and therefore evapotranspiration) is lower.[7] Drought stressed plants are also more susceptible to photoinhibition which CAM may help to protect against.[1]
Cultivation
editHardy in Zones 3–9.[4]
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The plant on the left is relatively drought stressed and the one on the right is well watered
References
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- ^ a b Castillo, F J (9 December 2004). "Antioxidative protection in the inducible CAM plant Sedum album L. following the imposition of severe water stress and recovery". Oecologia. 107 (4). Springer Berlin / Heidelberg: 469–477. doi:10.1007/BF00333937. PMID 28307389. S2CID 23864025.
- ^ Natural History Museum: Sedum album subsp. album
- ^ Tela Botanica. Sedum album
- ^ a b Missouri Botanical Garden: Sedum album subsp. teretifolium 'Murale'
- ^ Mifsud, Stephen Martin; Stephenson, Ray; Thiede, Joachim (2015-09-23). "Sedum album subsp. rupi-melitense (Crassulaceae), a new vegetatively reproducing subspecies from Malta (Maltese Islands, Central Mediterranean)". Phytotaxa. 227 (2): 135. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.227.2.3. ISSN 1179-3163.
- ^ a b "White stonecrop: Sedum album". NatureGate. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
- ^ Earnshaw, M. J.; Carver, K. A.; Lee, J. A. (1985). "Changes in leaf water potential and CAM in Sempervivum montanum and Sedum album in response to water availability in the field". Oecologia. 67 (4): 486–492. Bibcode:1985Oecol..67..486E. doi:10.1007/BF00790018. PMID 28311032. S2CID 21923282.