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Introduction
editVikram Ambalal Sarabhai was an Indian scientist, physicist, astronomer, and the founder of Indian Space Research Organisation.
Personal life
editVikram Sarabhai was born on 12 August 1919 in Ahmedabad to Ambalal Sarabhai and his wife. His family, the Sarabhai family of India, were major industrialists committed to the Indian independence movement.[1]
Career
editSarabhai led the Sarabhai family-owned business conglomerate. His interests varied from science to sports to statistics. He set up the Operations Research Group (ORG), the first market research organization in the country.[2]
PRL
editKnown as the cradle of space sciences in India, the Physical Research Laboratory was founded in 1947 by Vikram Sarabhai.[2] PRL had a modest beginning at his residence, with research on cosmic rays.
Research areas at PRL
editThe initial focus was research on cosmic rays and the properties of the upper atmosphere. Research areas were expanded to include theoretical physics and radio physics later with grants from the Atomic Energy Commission.[2]
Notable establishments
editOf the many institutes and organisations established or founded by Sarabhai, some notable ones include, Nehru Foundation for Development, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Ahmedabad Textile Industry's Research Association, Darpana Academy of Performing Arts, Electronics Corporation of India Limited, and Uranium Corporation of India Limited in Jharkhand.[2]
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Indian Space Research Organisation
editIn 1962, Indian National Committee for Space Research was established with Sarabhai being the first chairperson. This would later evolve and be named as the Indian Space Research Organisation.[2]
First satellite
editSarabhai started a project for the fabrication and launch of an Indian satellite. As a result, the first Indian satellite Aryabhata, was put in orbit in 1975 from a Russian cosmodrome.[2]
Distinguished positions
editSarabhai had held several notable positions across several national and international bodies relation to science. Some of them were;
Indian Science Congress
editPresident of the Physics section, Indian Science Congress in 1962.[2]
International Atomic Energy Agency
editPresident of the General Conference of the International Atomic Energy Agency in 1970.[3]
Atomic Energy Commission of India
editChairman of the Atomic Energy Commission of India from 1966 to 1971.[2]
United Nations conference
editVice-President of the fourth United Nations conference on 'Peaceful uses of Atomic Energy' in 1971.[4]
Awards
editHe was honoured with Padma Bhushan in 1966 and the Padma Vibhushan in 1972, posthumously, after his death in 1971.[5]
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Family
editVikram Sarabhai married the classical dancer Mrinalini in 1942. The couple had two children. His daughter Mallika gained prominence as an actress and activist, and his son Kartikeya too became an active person in science.[2]
Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre
editThe Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Indian Space Research Organization's lead facility for launch vehicle development located in Thiruvananthapuram, capital of Kerala state, was named in his memory.[2]
References
edit- ^ "Jains steal the show with 7 Padmas". The times of India. Times of India. 9 April 2015. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
The Jain community has always nurtured exceptional talent whether it is eminent scientist Vikram Sarabhai, who is considered the father of the country's space program, or poet, thinker and spiritual leader Banarsidas who composed the magnum opus Ardhakathanaka, the first-ever autobiography in Hindi literature.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j R., Parthasarathy (April 3, 2003). "Vikram Sarabhai (1919-1971): Architect of Indian space programme". www.thehindu.com. Retrieved 2019-08-10.
- ^ "From the Archives (May 23, 1969): Sarabhai assails faltering nuclear policy". The Hindu. 2019-05-23. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2019-08-10.
- ^ "Space Applications Centre". www.sac.gov.in. Retrieved 2019-08-10.
- ^ "Padma Awards Directory (1954–2013)" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 14 August 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2015.