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Willow Grove, Pennsylvania

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Willow Grove is a census-designated place (CDP) in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. A community in Philadelphia's northern suburbs, the population was 13,730 at the 2020 census. It is located in Abington Township and Upper Moreland Township.[3] Willow Grove was once known for Willow Grove Park, an amusement park that was open from 1896 to 1976, now the site of Willow Grove Park Mall. Willow Grove is considered an edge city of Philadelphia, with large amounts of retail and office space.[4] It was a stop on the network for fugitive enslaved people, known as the Underground Railroad, in the mid 19th century.[5]

Willow Grove
Census-designated place
North York Road in downtown Willow Grove
North York Road in downtown Willow Grove
Nickname: 
The Grove
Willow Grove is located in Pennsylvania
Willow Grove
Willow Grove
Willow Grove is located in the United States
Willow Grove
Willow Grove
Coordinates: 40°08′38″N 75°06′57″W / 40.14389°N 75.11583°W / 40.14389; -75.11583
CountryUnited States
StatePennsylvania
CountyMontgomery
TownshipAbington, Upper Moreland
Area
 • Total
3.6 sq mi (9 km2)
 • Land3.6 sq mi (9 km2)
 • Water0.0 sq mi (0 km2)
Elevation
269 ft (82 m)
Population
 (2010)[1]
 • Total
15,726
 • Density4,400/sq mi (1,700/km2)
Time zoneUTC-5 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC-4 (EDT)
ZIP Code
19090
Area code(s)215, 267, and 445
GNIS feature ID1193673[2]

Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base Willow Grove was located northwest of the Willow Grove CDP in Horsham Township.[6] NAS JRB Willow Grove transitioned into Horsham Air National Guard Station in September 2011.[7]

Willow Grove is located 37 miles (60 km) southeast of Allentown and 13 miles (21 km) north of Philadelphia.

History

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The place was on the route of an old Lenape trail to New York and developed into a typical colonial crossroads, with inns, stables, blacksmiths, and wheelwright shops. William Penn granted land to physician Nicholas More and the tract became known as the "Manor of Moreland" and later, Moreland Township. The place dates to the year 1711 when the Old York Road was laid out from Philadelphia to New Hope where the Delaware River was crossed at Coreyell’s Ferry. In 1792, mapmaker Reading Howell was said to remark upon the abundance of "willow trees in the marshy land" and the name "Willow Grove" stuck. During the American Revolution, inn keeper Joseph Butler, proprietor of the Red Lion Inn at Willow Grove tended to wounded American soldiers. He was later arrested by the British and held prisoner in Philadelphia.[8]

In 1778, British troops under Lt. Col. Abercromby marched through Willow Grove to the Battle of Crooked Billet in Hatboro.

19th century

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By 1850, the village was a major crossroads and stage coach stop with five stage lines a day. George Rex, a blacksmith from Germantown, had developed the Mineral Springs Inn in the early 19th century. The springs contained a high concentrate of minerals, like iron and sulfur, which had a reputation of curative powers. There was a recreational park with walking trails and gardens, mineral spring water baths and stables for 100 horses.

It was likely at these stables that the Irish immigrant Thomas Carolan found work as a blacksmith and farrier. In 1847, he and his wife and children had fled the Great Hunger in Ireland aboard the Patrick Henry.[9] They came to South Street Seaport, New York, and then to Willow Grove, by 1850, where the family was helped by Quaker George Spencer (1787-1876) and his wife Mary Thomas (1800-1889), who were likely among those assisting enslaved people on the Underground Railroad.[10]

The original Spencer farmhouse, west of the center of Willow Grove, was erected by George's grandfather Jacob Spencer and dates to 1744.[11] Several Carolan children lived in the farmhouse with the Spencers in the 1860s.[12] Upon his death in 1876, George Spencer left Elizabeth Carolan and Elizabeth C. Moore, a "mulatto," $50 each, which is worth more than $15,000 in compensation today.[13][14]

Today, the Spencer farmhouse is the American Legion Post 308 and was featured on the television series, Ghost Hunters, as the site of paranormal activity.[15]

The Carolans' second son, born in 1852, was named "Spencer" to honor George and Mary for their generosity with the family when they first arrived in the region. Both of the Carolan sons became blacksmiths like their father: Michael in Franklinville and Thomas Spencer in West Oak Lane.[16]

The Spencers are interred at the Horsham Friends Cemetery in Horsham, Pennsylvania.

In 1896, Willow Grove Park was established by the owners of the Philadelphia Rapid Transit Company as an escape from the hot summers in Philadelphia. The Pennsylvania & Reading Railroad erected a station in Willow Grove. Soon it became a popular music venue where band leaders like John Phillip Sousa drew as many as 50,000 people a day to the concerts. The park later featured amusement rides and, for a time, was referred to as the “Music Capital of the World."[8]

Geography

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Willow Grove is located at 40°08′46″N 75°07′00″W / 40.146109°N 75.116641°W / 40.146109; -75.116641 (40.146109, -75.116641).[17]

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 3.6 square miles (9.3 km2), of which 0.28% is water. It has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Dfa) bordering upon a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and its hardiness zone is 7a. Average monthly temperatures range from 31.8 °F in January to 75.9 °F in July.

Demographics

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As of the 2010 census, the CDP was 81.4% White, 8.2% Black or African American, 0.2% Native American, 4.9% Asian, 1.1% were Some Other Race, and 2.3% were two or more races. 3.5% of the population were of Hispanic or Latino ancestry.[18]

As of the census[19] of 2000, there were 16,234 people, 6,389 households, and 4,255 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 4,485.7 inhabitants per square mile (1,731.9/km2). There were 6,582 housing units at an average density of 1,818.7 per square mile (702.2/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 88.57% White, 6.58% African American, 0.09% Native American, 3.06% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.48% from other races, and 1.21% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.57% of the population.

There were 6,389 households, out of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.3% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.4% were non-families. 28.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.05.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 22.9% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 31.7% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 17.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $50,378, and the median income for a family was $62,163. Males had a median income of $40,393 versus $32,451 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $24,740. About 2.8% of families and 4.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.5% of those under age 18 and 4.0% of those age 65 or over.

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
199016,325—
200016,234−0.6%
201015,726−3.1%
202013,730−12.7%
[20]

Economy

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Asplundh Tree Expert Company is based in Willow Grove. China Airlines operates the Philadelphia Mini Office (Chinese: 費城營業所 Fèichéng Yíngyèsuǒ[21]) in Building 39G at 2300 Computer Avenue in the Willow Grove CDP and in Upper Moreland Township.[22][23][24]

Infrastructure

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Transportation

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A SEPTA Regional Rail train on the Warminster Line stopping at the Willow Grove station

Willow Grove is served by the Willow Grove Interchange (exit 343) along the east–west Pennsylvania Turnpike (Interstate 276), which connects to Pennsylvania Route 611. Major roads serving Willow Grove are Pennsylvania Route 611 (Old York Road/Easton Road), Pennsylvania Route 263 (York Road), Pennsylvania Route 63 (Moreland Road), Fitzwatertown Road, Terwood Road, Davisville Road, Easton Road, and Old Welsh Road.[25]

Willow Grove is served by the Willow Grove station on SEPTA Regional Rail's Warminster Line, which runs between Warminster Township and Center City Philadelphia. The community is served by five SEPTA bus routes, with a transit hub at the Willow Grove Park Mall. The Route 22 bus runs between Olney Transportation Center in North Philadelphia and Warminster via Willow Grove and the Route 55 bus runs between Olney Transportation Center and Doylestown via Willow Grove.[26] Both the Route 22 and 55 buses have several trips from Olney Transportation Center that terminate at the Willow Grove Park Mall.[27][28] The Route 95 bus runs between the Willow Grove Park Mall and Gulph Mills. The Route 310 and Route 311 buses connect the Willow Grove station and the Willow Grove Park Mall to business parks in Horsham.[26]

Norfolk Southern Railway's Morrisville Line freight railroad line passes through Willow Grove, running parallel to the south of the Pennsylvania Turnpike.[25][29]

Utilities

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Electricity and natural gas in Willow Grove is provided by PECO Energy Company, a subsidiary of Exelon.[30][31][32] Water in Willow Grove is provided by Aqua Pennsylvania, a subsidiary of Aqua America.[33] Trash and recycling collection in the Willow Grove area is provided by the respective townships. Cable, telephone, and internet service to the area is provided by Xfinity and Verizon. Willow Grove is served by area codes 215, 267, and 445.[34]

Health care

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Jefferson Health–Abington operates the Jefferson Health–Willow Grove (formerly Abington Health Center–Willow Grove) health center in Willow Grove. The health center, which was founded in 1983, consists of four buildings and offers outpatient hospital services including healthcare programs, medical and administrative offices, and conference and educational facilities.[35]

Education

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The CDP is divided between two school districts: Upper Moreland School District (for portions in Upper Moreland Township), and Abington School District (for portions in Abington Township).[36]

Upper Dublin School District is another area school district.[citation needed]

The area Catholic school is Queen of Angels Regional Catholic School in Willow Grove and Upper Moreland Township. Queen of Angels was formed in 2012 by the merger of St. David in Willow Grove and Our Lady Help of Christians in Abington.[37]

Notable people

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  • In the song "Please Don't Tell My Father That I Used His 1996 Honda Accord To Destroy The Town Of Willow Grove, Pennsylvania In 2002", by pop punk band Pet Symmetry, Evan Weiss (also of Into It. Over It.) describes his actions vandalizing Willow Grove as a teenager.
  • In the American comedy-drama "The Goldbergs", the main cast visits the Willow Grove Park Mall in numerous episodes.
  • U.S First Cat Willow is named after the town.
  • The television series Ghost Hunters filmed an episode in the American Legion Post 308 to the west of Willow Grove in an episode titled "Unexplained Phenomena," which aired in Season 5, Episode 24 on December 9, 2009. "The team probes an 18th-century farmhouse in Willow Grove, Pa., where spirits allegedly play with the lights and cast large, dark shadows."

References

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  1. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 7, 2016.
  2. ^ "Willow Grove". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  3. ^ "2020 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP: Willow Grove CDP, PA" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved October 22, 2024. - 2010 map, 2000 index map (pages here). 1990 county index map with Willow Grove CDP on pages 47, 48, 56, and 57.
  4. ^ Huber, Robert (March 2017). "The Promised Land?". Philadelphia Magazine. pp. 76–79, 128–134.
  5. ^ Jasuta, Jill (January 8, 2017). "38. Willow Grove". Harriet Tubman Byway. Retrieved September 11, 2024.
  6. ^ "streets.gif Archived February 5, 2009, at the Wayback Machine." Horsham Township, Pennsylvania. Retrieved on January 25, 2009.
  7. ^ "Former Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base Willow Grove". www.bracpmo.navy.mil. Retrieved September 11, 2024.
  8. ^ a b Momorella, E. A Brief History of Willow Grove. Upper Moreland Township Pennsylvania. No date.
  9. ^ Carolan, Michael. How My Ancestors Begin Their American Dream. Medium.com. July 27, 2022.
  10. ^ "The Underground Railroad in Central Montgomery County". www.friendsjournal.org. Retrieved September 10, 2024.
  11. ^ Jenkins, Howard Malcolm (1904). Genealogical sketch of the descendants of Samuel Spencer of Pennsylvania. Cornell University Library. Philadelphia Ferris & Leach.
  12. ^ 1860 U.S. census, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, population schedule, Upper Moreland Township. George Spencer household.
  13. ^ measuringworth.com. Measured as production workers compensation.
  14. ^ Pennsylvania, U.S. Wills and Probate Records, 1683-1993, ancestry.com. Will and Last Testament of George Spencer, 1876.
  15. ^ Ghost Hunters "Unexplained Phenomena" Season 5, Episode 24 Aired December 9, 2009. "The team probes an 18th-century farmhouse in Willow Grove, Pa., where spirits allegedly play with the lights and cast large, dark shadows."
  16. ^ Research by Michael Charles Carolan. The Carolans' first son Michael, born in 1844 at Springville, Kells, County Meath, was named for his paternal great-grandfather, a flax weaver and farmer, and his uncle who remained in Ireland during the Great Hunger.
  17. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  18. ^ Census 2010: Pennsylvania. Usatoday.Com. Retrieved on 2013-07-21.
  19. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  20. ^ "Census 2020".
  21. ^ "北美洲地區 Archived 2014-12-17 at the Wayback Machine." China Airlines. Retrieved on April 24, 2010
  22. ^ "Branch Offices North America Archived 2011-11-28 at the Wayback Machine." China Airlines. Retrieved on January 25, 2009.
  23. ^ "Willow Grove CDP[permanent dead link‍]." U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on January 25, 2009.
  24. ^ "Maps-Township-Buildings.pdf." Upper Moreland Township, Pennsylvania. Retrieved on January 25, 2009.
  25. ^ a b Montgomery County, Pennsylvania Highway Map (PDF) (Map). PennDOT. 2015. Retrieved January 12, 2016.
  26. ^ a b SEPTA Official Transit & Street Map Suburban (PDF) (Map). SEPTA. Retrieved May 2, 2016.
  27. ^ "Route 22 bus schedule" (PDF). SEPTA. Retrieved May 4, 2016.
  28. ^ "Route 55 bus schedule" (PDF). SEPTA. Retrieved May 4, 2016.
  29. ^ Norfolk Southern Harrisburg Region Timetable 1, August 4, 2008
  30. ^ "PECO: Company Information". PECO Energy Company. Retrieved January 29, 2017.
  31. ^ "Electric Service Tariff" (PDF). PECO Energy Company. July 17, 2017. p. 4. Retrieved October 10, 2017.
  32. ^ "Gas Service Tariff" (PDF). PECO Energy Company. August 30, 2017. p. 2. Retrieved October 10, 2017.
  33. ^ "Rates and Rules Governing the Distribution of Water" (PDF). Aqua Pennsylvania. March 11, 2013. p. 3. Retrieved October 11, 2017.
  34. ^ Area Code 215 and 267 Map (PDF) (Map). Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission. Retrieved June 22, 2011.
  35. ^ "Abington Health Center-Willow Grove Guide to Services". Abington-Jefferson Health. Retrieved February 18, 2018.
  36. ^ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Montgomery County, PA" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved October 22, 2024. - Text list - 2010 map and text list
  37. ^ "2012 Catholic grade school consolidations/closings". Catholicphilly.com. July 15, 2012. Retrieved April 22, 2020.
  38. ^ Terruso, Julia (October 14, 2020). "Jill Biden's Philly 'grit'". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Archived from the original on November 5, 2020. Retrieved November 7, 2020.
  39. ^ Edwin Hallowell at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress Retrieved on 2008-02-14
  40. ^ Adam Bernstein. "Enolia McMillan; First Woman to Lead NAACP". The Washington Post, October 26, 2006 p. B7
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