Wikipedia

Microsoft Translator

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Microsoft Translator or Bing Translator is a multilingual machine translation cloud service provided by Microsoft. Microsoft Translator is a part of Microsoft Cognitive Services[1] and integrated across multiple consumer, developer, and enterprise products, including Bing, Microsoft Office, SharePoint, Microsoft Edge, Microsoft Lync, Yammer, Skype Translator, Visual Studio, and Microsoft Translator apps for Windows, Windows Phone, iPhone and Apple Watch, and Android phone and Android Wear.

Microsoft Translator
Logo and favicon of Microsoft Translator, which appears along the title in the web browser
Type of site
Machine translation
Available insee below
OwnerMicrosoft
URLmicrosoft.com/translator
www.bing.com/translator
RegistrationOptional
Current statusActive

Microsoft Translator also offers text and speech translation through cloud services for businesses. Service for text translation via the Translator Text API ranges from a free tier supporting two million characters per month to paid tiers supporting billions of characters per month.[2] Speech translation via Microsoft Speech services is offered based on the time of the audio stream.

The service supports text translation between many languages and language varieties. It also supports several speech translation systems that currently power the Microsoft Translator live conversation feature, Skype Translator, and Skype for Windows Desktop, and the Microsoft Translator Apps for iOS and Android.[3]

Development

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History

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The first version of Microsoft's machine translation system was developed between 1999 and 2000 within Microsoft Research. This system was based on semantic predicate-argument structures known as logical forms (LF) and was spun from the grammar correction feature developed for Microsoft Word. This system was eventually used to translate the entire Microsoft Knowledge Base into Spanish, French, German, and Japanese.[4]

Microsoft's approach to machine translation, like most modern machine translation systems, is "data driven":[5] rather than relying on writing explicit rules to translate natural language, algorithms are trained to understand and interpret translated parallel texts, allowing them to automatically learn how to translate new natural language text. Microsoft's experience with the LF system led directly to a treelet translation system that simplified the LF to dependency trees and eventually to an order template model, significantly improving in speed and enabling the incorporation of new target languages. [citation needed]

The consumer-facing translation site known as Bing Translator (previously known as Windows Live translator) was launched in 2007 and provides free text and website translations on the web. Text is translated directly within the Bing Translator webpage while websites are translated through the Bilingual Viewer tools.[citation needed]

In 2011, the service was extended to include numerous Microsoft Translator products through a cloud-based application programming interface, which supports products available to both consumer and enterprise users. An additional speech translation capability was introduced in March 2016.[6]

In May 2018, an update to the API was introduced. This new version offered neural machine translation as the default method of translating. In addition to translation, the new version features transliteration and a bilingual dictionary to look up words to find alternative translations and view examples in sentences.[7]

Speech translation was integrated into Microsoft Speech services in September 2018, providing end-to-end speech, speech-to-text, and text-to-speech translation.[citation needed]

Translation methodology and research

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Microsoft Translator uses machine translation to create instantaneous translations from one natural language to another. This system is based on four distinct areas of computer learning research seen below.[5]

Type of learning Impact on translation
Neural networks
Neural machine translation		 Neural networks try to mimic how the brain works to translate between languages. At a high level, neural network translation works in two stages. First, a first stage models the word that needs to be translated based on the context of this word (and its possible translations) within the full sentence. Second, the neural network translates this word model (not the word itself but the model the neural networks built of it), within the context of the sentence, into the other language.[8] Neural machine translation is the default translation method for the Microsoft Translator API.
Syntax-based SMT
Main article: Statistical machine translation
 Syntax-based translation is based on the idea of translating syntactic units, rather than a word or string of words. Microsoft has used syntax-based SMT to translate much of its computer-related texts from English into multiple target languages. Ongoing research in this area has produced improvements in word inflections and word ordering.
Phrase-based SMT In phrase-based SMT, the machine learns correspondence between languages from parallel text without the aid of linguist knowledge. This produces better translations in less time than other systems.
Bitext word alignment SMT systems rely on existing translated data to learn how to automatically translate from one language to another. To train the systems, identifying word correspondences (or word alignments) is crucial. Microsoft has developed work in both discriminative[9] and generative[10] approaches to word alignment, resulting in faster algorithms and higher quality and translations.
Language modeling Language modeling uses n-gram models to construct comprehensible translations in the target language. This ensures that the output translation is fluent and readable.

Accuracy

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The quality of Microsoft Translator's machine translation outputs are evaluated using a method called the BLEU score.[11]

BLEU (Bilingual Evaluation Understudy) is an algorithm for evaluating the quality of text which has been machine-translated from one natural language to another. Quality is considered to be the correspondence between a machine's output and that of a human. BLEU was one of the first metrics to achieve a high correlation with human judgments of quality, and remains one of the most popular automated and inexpensive metrics.

Because machine translation is based on statistical algorithms rather than human translators, the automatic translations it produces are not always entirely accurate. Microsoft Translator has introduced various feedback features, such as the Collaborative Translation Framework, into its products to allow users to suggest alternative translations. These alternative translations are then integrated into the Microsoft Translator algorithms to improve future translations.

In November 2016, Microsoft Translator introduced translation using deep neural networks in nine of its highest-traffic languages, including all of its speech languages and Japanese. Neural networks provide better translation than industry standard statistical machine learning.[12]

Core products

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Microsoft Translator is a cloud-based API that is integrated into numerous Microsoft products and services.[13] The Translator API can be used on its own and can be customized for use in a pre-publishing or post-publishing environment. The API, which is available through subscription, is free for lower translation volumes, and is charged according to a tiered payment system for volumes exceeding two million characters per month.[2] The remaining core products are available for free.

Microsoft Translator cloud translation

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The Microsoft Translator is a cloud-based automatic translation service that can be used to build applications, websites, and tools requiring multi-language support.

  • Text translation: The Microsoft Translator Text API can be used to translate text into any of the languages supported by the service.
  • Speech translation: Microsoft Translator is integrated into Microsoft Speech services which is an end-to-end REST based API that can be used to build applications, tools, or any solution requiring multi-languages speech translation. Speech to speech translation is available to or from any of the conversation languages, and speech to text translation is available from the conversation languages into any of the Microsoft Translator-supported language systems.

Custom Translator

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Custom Translator is a feature of the Microsoft Translator services that allows enterprises, app developers, and language service providers to build neural translation systems that understand the terminology used in their own business and industry. The customized translations can then be delivered into existing applications, workflows and websites using a normal call to the Microsoft Translator API. Custom Translator can be used when translating text with the Microsoft Translator Text API and when translating speech with Microsoft Speech services.[14]

Live feature

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A personal universal translator that enables up to 500 people to have live, multi-device, multi-language, in-person translated conversations.[15] This feature is currently free and available in the Microsoft Translator apps (Android, iOS or Windows) and from the Microsoft Translator website.

Microsoft Translator Hub

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The Microsoft Translator Hub allows enterprises and language service providers to build their own translation systems that understand business- and industry-specific terminology.[16] The Hub can also be used in conjunction with the CTF, allowing administrators to approve CTF results and add them directly to the Hub. The Microsoft Translator Hub is only available for statistical machine translation and cannot be used with the newest version of the Microsoft Translator API.

The Hub has also been used for language preservation, allowing communities to create their own language translation systems for language and cultural preservation.[17] The Hub has been used to create translation systems for languages such as Hmong, Mayan, Nepali, and Welsh.

Multilingual App Toolkit (MAT)

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The Multilingual App Toolkit (MAT) is an integrated Visual Studio tool, which allows developers to streamline localization workflows of their Windows, Windows Phone and desktop apps.[18] MAT improves localization of file management, translation support, and editing tools.

Bing Microsoft Translator web app

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Main article: Bing (search engine) § Translator
Microsoft Translator
Type of site
Neural machine translation
Available inSee below
OwnerMicrosoft
URLwww.bing.com/translator/
RegistrationOptional
LaunchedJune 3, 2009; 15 years ago (2009-06-03) (as Live Search Translator)
Current statusActive

Bing Microsoft Translator (previously Live Search Translator, Windows Live Translator, and Bing Translator)[19] is a user-facing translation portal provided by Microsoft as part of its Bing services to translate texts or entire web pages into different languages. All translation pairs are powered by the Microsoft Translator, a neural machine translation platform and web service, developed by Microsoft Research, as its backend translation software. Two transliteration pairs (between simplified Chinese and traditional Chinese) are provided by Microsoft's Windows International team.[20]

 
The Bilingual Viewer showing the English translation of the French Wikipedia's main page

Bing Translator can translate phrases entered by the user or acquire a link to a web page and translate it entirely. When translating an entire web page, or when the user selects "Translate this page" in Bing search results, the Bilingual Viewer is shown, which allows users to browse the original web page text and translation in parallel, supported by synchronized highlights, scrolling, and navigation.[21] Four Bilingual Viewer layouts are available:[21]

  • Side by side
  • Top and bottom
  • Original with hover translation
  • Translation with hover original

Bing Translator integrates with several other Microsoft products. The following is a table of products into which Bing Translator could be integrated:

Integrates into Means of integration
Bing Instant Answers Already integrated
Internet Explorer An Accelerator for Internet Explorer 8 or higher

Supported products

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Through its core product offerings, Microsoft Translator supports the translation features of many Microsoft products at the consumer and enterprise levels. These products fall broadly into three categories[22]—communication products, Microsoft Office, and apps.

Deprecated products

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Collaborative Translation Framework (CTF)

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The Collaborative Translation Framework (CTF) is an extension of the Microsoft Translator API that allows post-publishing improvement of translated text.[23] By using the CTF, readers have the ability to suggest alternative translations to those provided by the API, or vote on previously offered alternatives. This information is then delivered to the API to improve future translations.

Translator Web Widget

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The Translator Web Widget is a translation tool that can be added to web pages by pasting a predefined snippet of JavaScript code into the page.[24] The web widget is offered for free by Microsoft, and supports both pre-publishing customized translations using the Translator Hub, and post-publishing improvements using the Collaborative Translation Framework.

Supported languages

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As of November 2024, Microsoft Translator supports 177 languages and language varieties.[3][25] The list of supported languages is available at the Microsoft Translator website and can also be retrieved programmatically through the cloud services.[26]

  1. Acehnese (Latin Script)
  2. Afrikaans
  3. Albanian
  4. Amharic
  5. Arabic
  6. Arabic (Egyptian)
  7. Armenian
  8. Assamese
  9. Asturian
  10. Azerbaijani
  11. Balinese
  12. Bangla
  13. Bashkir
  14. Basque
  15. Batak Toba
  16. Belarusian
  17. Bhojpuri
  18. Bikol
  19. Bodo
  20. Bosnian
  21. Bulgarian
  22. Cantonese (Traditional)
  23. Catalan
  24. Chhattisgarhi
  25. Chinese (Literary)
  26. Chinese (Simplified)
  27. Chinese (Traditional)
  28. Corsican
  29. Croatian
  30. Czech
  31. Danish
  32. Dari
  33. Divehi
  34. Dogri
  35. Dutch
  36. English
  37. English (United Kingdom)
  38. Esperanto
  39. Estonian
  40. Faroese
  41. Fijian
  42. Filipino
  43. Finnish
  44. French (France)
  45. French (Canada)
  46. Frisian
  47. Friulian
  48. Galician
  49. Ganda (Luganda)
  50. Georgian
  51. German
  52. Greek
  53. Gujarati
  54. Haitian Creole
  55. Hausa
  56. Hebrew
  57. Hiligaynon
  58. Hindi
  59. Hmong Daw
  60. Hungarian
  61. Iban
  62. Icelandic
  63. Igbo
  64. Ilocano
  65. Indonesian
  66. Inuinnaqtun
  67. Inuktitut
  68. Inuktitut (Latin)
  69. Irish
  70. Italian
  71. Jamaican English Creole
  72. Japanese
  73. Javanese
  74. Kabuverdianu
  75. Kannada
  76. Kapampangan
  77. Kashmiri
  78. Kazakh
  79. Khmer
  80. Kinyarwanda
  81. Klingon (Latin)
  82. Konkani
  83. Korean
  84. Krio
  85. Kurdish (Central)
  86. Kurdish (Northern)
  87. Kyrgyz
  88. Lao
  89. Latvian
  90. Ligurian
  91. Limburgish
  92. Lingala
  93. Lithuanian
  94. Lombard
  95. Lower Sorbian
  96. Luxembourgish
  97. Luganda
  98. Macedonian
  99. Maithili
  100. Malagasy
  101. Malay
  102. Malayalam
  103. Maltese
  104. Marathi
  105. Marwari (India)
  106. Minangkabau
  107. Mongolian (Cyrillic)
  108. Mongolian (Traditional)
  109. Morisyen
  110. Moroccan Arabic
  111. Myanmar (Burmese)
  112. Māori
  113. Nepali
  114. Norwegian
  115. Norwegian Nynorsk
  116. Nyanja
  117. Occitan
  118. Odia
  119. Papiamentu
  120. Pashto
  121. Persian
  122. Polish
  123. Portuguese (Brazil)
  124. Portuguese (Portugal)
  125. Punjabi (Gurmukhi)
  126. Punjabi Shahmukhi
  127. Querétaro Otomi
  128. Romanian
  129. Rundi (Kirundi)
  130. Russian
  131. Samoan
  132. Sanskrit
  133. Sardinian
  134. Serbian (Cyrillic)
  135. Serbian (Latin)
  136. Sesotho
  137. Sesotho sa Leboa
  138. Setswana
  139. Seychelles French Creole
  140. Shona
  141. Sicilian
  142. Sindhi
  143. Sinhala
  144. Slovak
  145. Slovenian
  146. Somali
  147. Spanish
  148. Standard Arabic
  149. Sundanese
  150. Swahili
  151. Swedish
  152. Tahitian
  153. Tamil
  154. Tatar
  155. Telugu
  156. Tetun
  157. Thai
  158. Tibetan
  159. Tigrinya
  160. Tok Pisin
  161. Tongan
  162. Turkish
  163. Turkmen
  164. Ukrainian
  165. Upper Sorbian
  166. Urdu
  167. Uyghur
  168. Uzbek (Latin)
  169. Venetian
  170. Vietnamese
  171. Waray
  172. Welsh
  173. Xhosa
  174. Yiddish
  175. Yoruba
  176. Yucatec Maya
  177. Zulu

Community partners

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Microsoft Translator has engaged with community partners to increase the number of languages and to improve overall language translation quality. Below is a list of community partners that Microsoft Translator has teamed with.[27]

Additionally, Microsoft has teamed with the Klingon Language Institute, which promotes the constructed language, Klingon, which is used within the fictional Star Trek universe produced by Paramount and CBS Studios. Klingon has been supported by Microsoft Translator since May 2013.[28]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Carmen., Steiner (2000). Pilotstudie: über die Funktion des Anhebens der Augenbrauen in der Deutschschweizerischen Gebärdensprache DSGS. Verein zur Unterstützung der Gebärdensprache der Gehörlosen. OCLC 81702109.
  2. ^ a b "Azure Data Marketplace- Microsoft Translator". Archived from the original on 2018-02-06. Retrieved 2014-12-08.
  3. ^ a b "Microsoft Translator- Languages". Microsoft. Retrieved January 6, 2023.
  4. ^ "Microsoft Research- Arul Menezes".
  5. ^ a b "Microsoft Research- Machine Translation".
  6. ^ "Microsoft Translator brings end-to-end speech translation to everyone with the world's first Speech Translation API".
  7. ^ "Microsoft Translator- Translator Text API". Microsoft. Archived from the original on 2019-09-02.
  8. ^ "What is neural network based translation?". Archived from the original on 2021-02-08. Retrieved 2016-11-28.
  9. ^ "A Discriminative Framework for Bilingual Word Alignment" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-07-20.
  10. ^ "Using Word Dependent Transition Models in HMM based Word Alignment for Statistical Machine Translation" (PDF).
  11. ^ "Microsoft Translator Hub: Discussion of BLEU Score". 23 May 2013.
  12. ^ "Microsoft Translator launching Neural Network based translations for all its speech languages". 16 November 2016.
  13. ^ "Microsoft Translator- Products". Microsoft.
  14. ^ "Microsoft Translator- Customization". Microsoft.
  15. ^ "Microsoft Translator live feature". Microsoft. 18 July 2023.
  16. ^ "Microsoft Translator- Translator Hub". Microsoft.
  17. ^ "Where Language Meets the World: Microsoft Translator Hub". YouTube. 4 September 2014. Archived from the original on 2021-12-20.
  18. ^ "Microsoft Translator- Multilingual App Toolkit". Microsoft.
  19. ^ Antoniou, Grigoris; Grobelnik, Marko; Simperl, Elena; Parsia, Bijan; Plexousakis, Dimitris; de Leenheer, Pieter; Pan, Jeff Z. (2011). The Semantic Web: Research and Applications. Berlin: Springer Science+Business Media. p. 341. ISBN 9783642210334.
  20. ^ "Translation powered by....Microsoft Translator!". Microsoft Translator (and Bing Translator) Official Team Blog. Microsoft Corporation. 8 September 2008. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
  21. ^ a b "About Bing Translator". Bing Translator. Microsoft. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
  22. ^ "Microsoft Translator- Products". Microsoft.
  23. ^ "Microsoft Translator- Collaborative Translation Framework". Microsoft. Archived from the original on 30 March 2015.
  24. ^ "Microsoft Translator- Translator Web Widget". Microsoft.
  25. ^ "Search Microsoft Translator". www.bing.com. Retrieved 2024-10-31.
  26. ^ "Translator Language Codes". 18 July 2023.
  27. ^ "Translator Community Partners". Microsoft.
  28. ^ "New Bing Translator Option Lets You Translate... Klingon". 14 May 2013.
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SW development

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