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Subcarpathian Voivodeship

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Subcarpathian Voivodeship is a voivodeship, or province, in the southeastern corner of Poland. Its administrative capital and largest city is Rzeszów. Along with the Marshal, it is governed by the Subcarpathian Regional Assembly.

Subcarpathian Voivodeship
Województwo podkarpackie
Voivodeship
Flag of Subcarpathian Voivodeship
Flag
Coat of arms of Subcarpathian Voivodeship
Coat of arms
Official logo of Subcarpathian Voivodeship
Brandmark
Location within Poland
Location within Poland
Administrative map
Administrative map
Coordinates (Rzeszów): 50°2′1″N 22°0′17″E / 50.03361°N 22.00472°E / 50.03361; 22.00472
Country Poland
CapitalRzeszów
Counties
4 cities, 21 land counties *
Government
 • BodyExecutive board
 • VoivodeTeresa Kubas-Hul (PO)
 • MarshalWładysław Ortyl (PiS)
 • EPSubcarpathian constituency
Area
 • Total
17,844 km2 (6,890 sq mi)
Population
 (2019)
 • Total
2,127,462
 • Density120/km2 (310/sq mi)
 • Urban
880,947
 • Rural
1,246,515
GDP
[1]
 • Total€22.069 billion
 • Per capita€10,600
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codePL-18
Vehicle registrationR
HDI (2021)0.868[2]
very high · 9th
Primary airportRzeszów–Jasionka Airport
Highways
Websitehttps://rzeszow.uw.gov.pl/
  • further divided into 160 gminas

The name derives from the region's location near the Carpathian Mountains, and the voivodeship comprises areas of two historic regions of Central Europe—Lesser Poland (western and northwestern counties) and Cherven Cities/Red Ruthenia.

It is bordered by Lesser Poland Voivodeship to the west, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the north-west, Lublin Voivodeship to the north, Ukraine (Lviv Oblast and Zakarpattia Oblast) to the east and Slovakia (Prešov Region) to the south. It covers an area of 17,844 square kilometres (6,890 sq mi), and has a population of 2,127,462 (as at 2019). The voivodeship is mostly hilly or mountainous (see Bieszczady, Beskidy); its northwestern corner is flat. It is one of the most wooded Polish voivodeships (35.9% of total area), within its borders there is whole Bieszczady National Park, and parts of Magura National Park.

History

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17th-century view of Przemyśl, one of the oldest and for several centuries the largest city of the region
 
Historical regions in Subcarpathian Voivodeship and in Poland

In the Early Middle Ages, the territory was inhabited by the Vistulans and Lendians, old Polish tribes. It formed part of Poland since its first historic ruler Mieszko I, however, later on, at various times, portions of the region fell under the Kievan Rus', the Golden Horde, and the Kingdom of Hungary, before Poland regained full control in the 14th century. Following the Partitions of Poland the entire region was annexed by Austria and included within the newly established Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria. The oldest cities in the province, with over 1,000 years of history, are Przemyśl and Sanok. Rzeszów, Łańcut and Tarnobrzeg, with their castles and palaces, were important residential cities of the powerful Polish magnate families of Lubomirski, Potocki and Tarnowski.

During the interwar period (1918–1939), territory of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship was part of the Lwów Voivodeship and belonged to "Poland B", the less-developed, more rural parts of Poland. To boost the local economy, the government of the Second Polish Republic began in the mid-1930s a massive program of industrialization, known as the Central Industrial Region. The program created several major armament factories, including PZL Mielec, PZL Rzeszów, Huta Stalowa Wola, and factories in other Subcarpathian towns such as Dębica, Nowa Dęba, Sanok, Tarnobrzeg and Nowa Sarzyna.

Following the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939, most of the current province was occupied by Nazi Germany with the eastern outskirts occupied by the Soviet Union, and the city of Przemyśl divided between the occupiers until 1941, and then the entire region occupied by Germany until 1944.

Following the Soviet annexation of the regional capital of Lwów, Rzeszów was chosen as the new regional capital and the Rzeszów Voivodeship was founded.

The voivodeship was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Rzeszów, Przemyśl, Krosno and (partially) Tarnów and Tarnobrzeg Voivodeships, pursuant to the Polish local-government reforms adopted in 1998.

Government

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Main article: Subcarpathian Voivodeship Sejmik

Subcarpathian Voivodeship's government powers are shared between the voivode (governor), the sejmik (regional assembly), and the marshal.

Cities and towns

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Rzeszów, capital and largest city of the voivodeship
 
Przemyśl, largest city in the eastern part of the voivodeship, whose Old Town is designated a Historic Monument of Poland[3]
 
Mielec, center of aviation industry
 
Tarnobrzeg, major center for sulfur mining and processing
 
Krosno, historic royal city, nicknamed "Little Kraków"
 
Sanok, historic royal town, one of the oldest towns in the voivodeship

The voivodeship contains 6 cities and 45 towns. These are listed below in descending order of population (according to official figures as of 2019)[4]

Cities (governed by a city mayor or prezydent miasta):
  1. Rzeszów (194,886)
  2. Przemyśl (60,999)
  3. Stalowa Wola (60,799)
  4. Mielec (60,366)
  5. Tarnobrzeg (46,907)
  6. Krosno (46,369)

Towns:

  1. Dębica (45,634)
  2. Jarosław (37,585)
  3. Sanok (37,381)
  4. Jasło (35,063)
  5. Łańcut (17,709)
  6. Ropczyce (15,836)
  7. Przeworsk (15,356)
  8. Nisko (15,324)
  9. Leżajsk (13,853)
  10. Sędziszów Małopolski (12,357)
  11. Lubaczów (12,018)
  12. Nowa Dęba (11,152)
  13. Ustrzyki Dolne (9,097)
  14. Kolbuszowa (9,075)
  15. Strzyżów (8,884)
  16. Brzozów (7,463)
  17. Rudnik nad Sanem (6,710)
  18. Głogów Małopolski (6,654)
  19. Boguchwała (6,179)
  20. Dynów (6,129)
  21. Nowa Sarzyna (5,834)
  22. Jedlicze (5,736)
  23. Lesko (5,424)
  24. Radymno (5,279)
  25. Zagórz (5,095)
  26. Pilzno (4,912)
  27. Sokołów Małopolski (4,193)
  28. Rymanów (3,825)
  29. Tyczyn (3,824)
  30. Pruchnik (3,764)
  31. Radomyśl Wielki (3,231)
  32. Kańczuga (3,167)
  33. Zaklików (2,979)
  34. Oleszyce (2,974)
  35. Brzostek (2,752)
  36. Sieniawa (2,140)
  37. Błażowa (2,139)
  38. Narol (2,109)
  39. Dukla (2,061)
  40. Cieszanów (1,913)
  41. Iwonicz-Zdrój (1,787)
  42. Przecław (1,775)
  43. Baranów Sandomierski (1,456)
  44. Ulanów (1,422)
  45. Kołaczyce (1,409)
  46. Jawornik Polski
  47. Bircza
  48. Dubiecko (866)

Administrative division

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Subcarpathian Voivodeship is divided into 25 counties (powiats): 4 city counties and 21 land counties. These are further divided into 160 gminas.

The counties are listed in the following table (ordering within categories is by decreasing population).

English and
Polish names 		Area Population
(2019) 		Seat Other towns Total
gminas
km2 sq mi
City counties
Rzeszów 77 30 194,886 1
Przemyśl 44 17 60,999 1
Tarnobrzeg 86 33 46,907 1
Krosno 43 17 46,369 1
Land counties
Rzeszów County
powiat rzeszowski 		471 182 168,614 Rzeszów * Boguchwała, Głogów Małopolski, Sokołów Małopolski, Błażowa, Tyczyn 14
Mielec County
powiat mielecki 		880 340 136,591 Mielec Radomyśl Wielki, Przecław 10
Dębica County
powiat dębicki 		776 300 135,348 Dębica Pilzno, Brzostek 7
Jarosław County
powiat jarosławski 		1,029 397 120,462 Jarosław Radymno, Pruchnik 11
Jasło County
powiat jasielski 		830 320 113,730 Jasło Kołaczyce 10
Krosno County
powiat krośnieński 		924 357 112,301 Krosno * Jedlicze, Rymanów, Dukla, Iwonicz-Zdrój 10
Stalowa Wola County
powiat stalowowolski 		833 322 106,272 Stalowa Wola Zaklików 6
Sanok County
powiat sanocki 		1,225 473 94,473 Sanok Zagórz 8
Łańcut County
powiat łańcucki 		452 175 80,898 Łańcut 7
Przeworsk County
powiat przeworski 		698 269 78,354 Przeworsk Kańczuga, Sieniawa, Jawornik Polski 9
Ropczyce-Sędziszów County
powiat ropczycko-sędziszowski 		549 212 74,416 Ropczyce Sędziszów Małopolski 5
Przemyśl County
powiat przemyski 		1,214 469 74,234 Przemyśl * Dubiecko, Bircza 10
Leżajsk County
powiat leżajski 		583 225 69,479 Leżajsk Nowa Sarzyna 5
Nisko County
powiat niżański 		786 303 66,699 Nisko Rudnik nad Sanem, Ulanów 7
Brzozów County
powiat brzozowski 		540 210 65,652 Brzozów 6
Kolbuszowa County
powiat kolbuszowski 		774 299 62,389 Kolbuszowa 6
Strzyżów County
powiat strzyżowski 		503 194 61,505 Strzyżów 5
Lubaczów County
powiat lubaczowski 		1,308 505 55,438 Lubaczów Oleszyce, Narol, Cieszanów 8
Tarnobrzeg County
powiat tarnobrzeski 		520 200 53,115 Tarnobrzeg * Nowa Dęba, Baranów Sandomierski 4
Lesko County
powiat leski 		835 322 26,532 Lesko 5
Bieszczady County
powiat bieszczadzki 		1,138 439 21,799 Ustrzyki Dolne 3
* seat not part of the county

Protected areas

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Jaśliski Landscape Park and Jasiołka River

Protected areas in Subcarpathian Voivodeship include two national parks and 11 Landscape Parks. These are listed below.

Economy

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The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the province was 19.4 billion euros in 2018, accounting for 3.9% of Polish economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 15,100 euros or 50% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 59% of the EU average. Podkarpackie Voivodship is the province with the third lowest GDP per capita in Poland.[5]

Transportation

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Rzeszów–Jasionka Airport

The Rzeszów–Jasionka Airport is the province's international airport.

The A4 and S19 highways pass through the province, with the S74 also planned for construction.

Demographics

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Historical population
YearPop.±%
19882,018,850—    
20022,103,837+4.2%
20112,127,286+1.1%
20212,093,360−1.6%
Source: [6]

Population according to 2002 census[7]

 
Regional costumes of the Pogorzans
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  1. Mazur:[8] 9,530
  2. Nowak: 9,301
  3. Baran: 8,020

Sights and tourism

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Krasiczyn Castle

There are three UNESCO World Heritage Sites in the voivodeship:

There are seven Historic Monuments of Poland in the voivodeship:

 
16th-century Baroque organs at the Bernardine Monastery in Leżajsk

Other preserved historic old towns include Krosno, nicknamed "Little Kraków", Jarosław, Rzeszów, Sanok. In Jarosław, Przemyśl and Rzeszów there are underground tourist routes in historic cellars under the old town market squares. There are numerous castles and palaces in the province, including the Royal Castles in Przemyśl and Sanok, and former noble castles and palaces in Baranów Sandomierski, Dukla, Rzeszów, Tarnobrzeg and Tyczyn.

There are five spa towns: Horyniec-Zdrój, Iwonicz-Zdrój, Polańczyk, Rymanów-Zdrój, Solina.

There are several museums, including the National Museum in Przemyśl and Regional Museum in Rzeszów. The more unique museums include the Museum of Folk Architecture in Sanok, Markowa Ulma-Family Museum of Poles Who Saved Jews in World War II, Museum of Oil and Gas Industry at the location of the world's oldest oil field in Bóbrka, and Museum of the Polish Sulfur Industry in Tarnobrzeg.

There are several monuments and memorials to inventor Ignacy Łukasiewicz, pioneer of the global oil industry, in places where he studied and worked, including Bóbrka, Krosno, Łańcut, Jasło and Rzeszów. There are memorials to the Hungarian Renaissance poet Bálint Balassi in Odrzykoń, Nowy Żmigród and Rymanów, where he stayed at various times.[14]

Cuisine

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In addition to traditional nationwide Polish cuisine, Subcarpathian Voivodeship is known for its variety of regional and local traditional foods, which include especially various cheeses, meat products (incl. various types of kiełbasa, bacon and salceson), cakes, honeys and various dishes and meals, officially protected by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Poland. There are local types of pierogi, gołąbki, barszcz and other soups.

Sports

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Hala Podpromie, home venue of Resovia volleyball team
 
Arena Sanok, home venue of STS Sanok ice hockey team
 
Subcarpathian Football Center, home venue of Stal Stalowa Wola football team

Motorcycle speedway, volleyball, ice hockey and football enjoy the largest following in the province. Resovia and Stal Rzeszów contest the Rzeszów Derby, one of the fiercest and most contested in Poland, with over 90 games (as of May 2024).

Professional sports teams
Club Sport League Trophies
Resovia Volleyball (men's) PlusLiga 7 Polish Championships
3 Polish Cups (1975, 1983, 1987)
1 CEV Cup (2024)
Rysice Rzeszów Volleyball (women's) Tauron Liga 1 Polish Cup (2022)
KPSK Stal Mielec Volleyball (women's) Tauron Liga 0
Karpaty Krosno Volleyball (women's) I liga 0
San Jarosław Volleyball (women's) I liga 0
Stal Rzeszów Speedway I liga 2 Polish Championships (1960, 1961)
Wilki Krosno Speedway I liga 0
STS Sanok Ice hockey Polska Hokej Liga 2 Polish Championships (2012, 2014)
2 Polish Cups (2010, 2011)
Stal Mielec Football (men's) Ekstraklasa 2 Polish Championships (1973, 1976)
Resovia Football (men's) II liga 0
Stal Rzeszów Football (men's) I liga 1 Polish Cup (1975)
Stal Stalowa Wola Football (men's) I liga 0
Siarka Tarnobrzeg Football (men's) III liga 0
Resovia Football (women's) Ekstraliga 0
Sokół Łańcut Basketball (men's) I Liga 0
Miasto Szkła Krosno Basketball (men's) I Liga 0
Resovia Basketball (men's) I Liga 1 Polish Championship (1975)
1 Polish Cup (1974)
Niedźwiadki Przemyśl Basketball (men's) I Liga 0
JKS Jarosław Handball (women's) Superliga 0
Stal Mielec Handball (men's) Liga Centralna 1 Polish Cup (1971)
Eurobus Przemyśl Futsal (men's) Ekstraklasa 0

Subcarpathia landscape pictures

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Curiosities

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See also

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References

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  • "Central Statistical Office(GUS) - TERYT(National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)".  (in Polish). 2008-01-09. Retrieved 2008-10-23.

Notes

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  1. ^ "EU regions by GDP, Eurostat". Archived from the original on 27 February 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
  2. ^ "Sub-national HDI - Subnational HDI - Global Data Lab". globaldatalab.org. Radboud University Nijmegen. Archived from the original on 2023-03-29. Retrieved 2023-10-26.
  3. ^ a b Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 10 grudnia 2018 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii "Przemyśl - zespół staromiejski", Dz. U., 2018, No. 2419
  4. ^ GUS. "Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June". stat.gov.pl. Archived from the original on 2021-04-19. Retrieved 2020-09-11.
  5. ^ "Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30% to 263% of the EU average in 2018". Eurostat. Archived from the original on 2020-04-17. Retrieved 2020-03-07.
  6. ^ "Statistics Poland - National Censuses".
  7. ^ "Ethnic composition of Poland". pop-stat.mashke.org. Archived from the original on 2021-11-28. Retrieved 2016-05-04.
  8. ^ Kujawiak, Ślązak similarly as Krakowiak and Mazur, took its name from the region of origin; " Mazowsze zasługuje na uwagę ze względu uzdolnień kolonizacyjnych ludności, które to plemię zapędzały na Ruś Czerwoną, w ziemię bialską, więc w sadyby dawnych Jadźwingów, na Podole. Wszędzie jednakże swoje plemienne cechy, a chociażby nazwę Mazurzy. Do dziś dnia (Tatomir Geografija Galicji 1876. str. 59) między Rabą a lewym brzegiem Sanu ludność miejscowa nosi nazwę Mazurów, z których część pod nazwą Grębowiaków (Lisowiaków al. Borowców) siedzi między Wisłą, dolnym Sanem po Mielec, i Leżajsk. Mamy zaś ślady, że w 1373 w Sanockiem nad Sanem, z daru księcia Władysława Opolczyka, a wówczas pana Rusi (lwowskiej) otrzymał wieś Jabłonicę Przybysław syn Fala z ziemi łęczyckiej (AGZ t. VII, str. 15-16)..." [w:] Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom VI. III. Etnografia i stosunki społeczne. str. 191.
  9. ^ Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 20 kwietnia 2018 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii "Krasiczyn - zespół zamkowo-parkowy", Dz. U., 2018, No. 988
  10. ^ Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 13 kwietnia 2005 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii, Dz. U., 2005, vol. 64, No. 569
  11. ^ Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 25 sierpnia 2005 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii "Łańcut - zespół zamkowo-parkowy", Dz. U., 2005, vol. 167, No. 1402
  12. ^ Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 10 grudnia 2018 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii "Twierdza Przemyśl", Dz. U., 2019, No. 159
  13. ^ Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 22 listopada 2017 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii "Radruż - zespół cerkiewny", Dz. U., 2017, No. 2253
  14. ^ Maria Jaworska (20 February 2021). "Bálint Balassi w Polsce. Śladami "węgierskiego Jana Kochanowskiego"". Instytut Felczaka Intézet (in Polish). Retrieved 3 June 2024.
  15. ^ a b Feduszka, Jacek (2009). "Szkoci i Anglicy w Zamościu w XVI-XVIII wieku". Czasy Nowożytne (in Polish). Vol. 22. Zarząd Główny Polskiego Towarzystwa Historycznego. p. 53. ISSN 1428-8982.
  16. ^ Z Bogiem za ojczyznę i wolność – o Franciszku II Rakoczym bohaterze Węgier (in Polish). Warszawa: Muzeum Niepodległości w Warszawie. 2016. p. 30. ISBN 978-83-62235-88-9.
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49°57′24″N 22°10′22″E / 49.95667°N 22.17278°E / 49.95667; 22.17278

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