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Wokingham, or the Borough of Wokingham, is a local government district with borough status in Berkshire, England. Since 1998 its council has been a unitary authority, having taken on county-level functions when Berkshire County Council was abolished. The borough is named after its main town, Wokingham. Other places in the district include Arborfield, Barkham, Charvil, Earley, Finchampstead, Hurst, Remenham, Ruscombe, Shinfield, Sonning, Spencers Wood, Three Mile Cross, Twyford, Wargrave, Winnersh and Woodley. The population of the borough is 177,500 according to 2021 census.[2]
Borough of Wokingham | |
|---|---|
| |
 Shown within Berkshire | |
| Coordinates: 51°24′37″N 0°50′36″W / 51.4102°N 0.8432°W | |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Constituent country | England |
| Region | South East England |
| Ceremonial county | Berkshire |
| Status | Unitary authority |
| Incorporated | 1 April 1974 |
| Admin HQ | Wokingham |
| Government | |
| • Type | Unitary authority |
| • Body | Wokingham Borough Council |
| • Leadership | Leader & Cabinet |
| Area | |
• Total | 69.10 sq mi (178.98 km2) |
| • Rank | 152nd (of 296) |
| Population (2021) | |
• Total | 177,500 |
| • Rank | 115th (of 296) |
| • Density | 2,570/sq mi (992/km2) |
| Ethnicity (2021) | |
| • Ethnic groups | |
| Religion (2021) | |
| • Religion | List
|
| Time zone | UTC0 (GMT) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (BST) |
| ISO 3166 | GB-WOK |
| ONS code | 00MF (ONS) E06000041 (GSS) |
| OS grid reference | SU805685 |
| Website | www |
History
editThe district was formed on 1 April 1974 as Wokingham District, under the Local Government Act 1972, by the merger of the Municipal Borough of Wokingham and Wokingham Rural District. It is governed by Wokingham Borough Council (formerly Wokingham District Council), which has been a unitary authority since 1 April 1998, following the abolition of Berkshire County Council under the Banham Review.[3] The district was granted borough status in 2007, following a petition to the Queen.[4]
Geography
editElevations range between 30 and 70 metres above sea level except higher in about 5% of the borough. The highest is an escarpment containing parts of the rural and wooded northern area, the hinterland of three Thames-side villages, facing the 30-mile long Chilterns AONB, west and north.[5] A geological part of that range of hills, Bowsey Hill reaches 137m, in Wargrave civil parish, 1 mile (1.6 km) from the river.[6]
Approximately a right-angled triangle, the borough is long north to south. It uses as its longest edge the course of the Loddon and Thames along its north-west, with a similarly salient-containing eastern boundary and an almost straight southern boundary. Clockwise the boundaries are approximately 10, 8 and 5 miles on a direct path from point to point. The southern boundary is approximately the Roman road from London to Bath through a highly coniferous Swinley Forest which sits in geology on the naturally acidic, Bagshot Formation.[citation needed]
The whole borough is divided into civil parishes. The parish councils of Wokingham, Earley and Woodley have officially declared their parishes to be towns, allowing them to take the style 'town council'.[7] Villages include Arborfield, Barkham, Charvil, Finchampstead, Hurst, Sonning, Remenham, Ruscombe, Shinfield, Twyford, Wargrave, Three Mile Cross, Winnersh, Spencers Wood. Two villages have a wide range of small retail and visitor facilities: Wargrave and Twyford. In major employment areas of trading and manufacturing Winnersh and Finchampstead are prominent. The village of Crowthorne is shared between Wokingham and the neighbouring borough of Bracknell Forest.[citation needed]
Governance
edit
The local authority is Wokingham Borough Council, which has its headquarters at Shute End in Wokingham.[8]
Education
editState-funded schools in the borough include nine secondary schools, two special schools and numerous primary schools. There are also a number of private schools.[citation needed]
Bracknell and Wokingham College is the main further and adult education provider for the borough, just outside the borough its headquarters is in Bracknell. The Borough's closest higher education provider is the main Whiteknights Park campus of the University of Reading immediately north-west,[citation needed] most of which falls within the Wokingham Borough boundary.
Home ownership
editThe borough has the highest proportion of home ownership of the six local authorities in Berkshire: combining the social (housing association and local authority provided) and private (private landlord) rented sectors, Slough's returns recorded in 2011 that its rented sector comprised 46% of its housing, whereas 18% of Wokingham's residents rented their homes.[citation needed]
Excluding lower-tier districts, Central Government has classified Wokingham as the least needy Local Authority. Government funding is about £120 per head per year. This is the lowest among the combined category of county councils and unitary authorities, the basis on which it is overall assessed, and compares with over £1000 per head in others such as the London Borough of Hackney.[9]
| Tenure in Berkshire compared[10] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unitary Authority | Owned | Owned with a loan | Socially rented | Privately rented | Other |
| Wokingham | 36% | 45% | 7% | 11% | 1% |
| Bracknell Forest | 25% | 44% | 17% | 13% | 1% |
| Reading | 23% | 33% | 17% | 27% | 1% |
| Slough | 19% | 34% | 21% | 25% | 1% |
| West Berkshire | 32% | 39% | 14% | 14% | 2% |
| Windsor and Maidenhead | 33% | 36% | 13% | 16% | 2% |
Freedom of the Borough
editThe following people and military units have received the Freedom of the Borough of Wokingham.
Individuals
edit- Stanley Leonard Bowyer: 30 January 1973.
- Leonard Goddard Smalley: 30 January 1973.
Military Units
edit- The Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers: 21 October 1978.[12]
References
edit- ^ a b UK Census (2021). "2021 Census Area Profile – Wokingham Local Authority (E06000041)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
- ^ "Berkshire Observatory – Wokingham – Population & Demographics". wokingham.berkshireobservatory.co.uk. Retrieved 13 November 2022.
- ^ Berkshire (Structural Change) Order 1996 (SI 1996/1879), art.3
- ^ "Borough status Update". Wokingham District Council. Archived from the original on 3 March 2007. Retrieved 20 November 2024.
- ^ "The Chilterns Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty - explore - enjoy. Retrieved 2015-01-28". Archived from the original on 6 February 2015. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
- ^ Geograph.org.uk map retrieved 2015-01-28
- ^ "Parish council contact details". Wokingham Borough Council. Retrieved 10 November 2024.
- ^ "Find the help you need". Wokingham Borough Council. Retrieved 10 November 2024.
- ^ More or Less, Radio 4 programme. Date needed.
- ^ "Office for National Statistics". Archived from the original on 11 February 2003. Retrieved 22 November 2018.
- ^ "Freedom of the Borough for Bowyer and Smalley · Wokingham's Virtual Museum".
- ^ Vashisht, Rahul (15 June 2015). "REME soldiers march through Wokingham for the last time".