Wikipedia

Hinduism by country

(Redirected from World Hinduism)

Hinduism has approximately 1.2 billion adherents worldwide (15% of the world's population).[1] Hinduism is the third largest religion in the world behind Christianity (31.5%) and Islam (23.3%).[2]

Percentage of Hindus by country, according to the Pew Research Center

Most Hindus live in Asian countries, and the majority of Nepal and India are Hindus, and a significant number in Mauritius. Countries with more than 500,000 Hindu residents and citizens are (in decreasing order) India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, the United States, Malaysia, United Kingdom, Myanmar, Australia, Mauritius, South Africa, Canada, and the United Arab Emirates.

There are significant numbers of Hindu enclaves around the world, with many in South Africa, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Hinduism is also practiced by the non-Indic people including the Balinese of Bali island (Indonesia), Tengger and Osing of Java (Indonesia), the Balamon Chams of Vietnam, Ghanaian Hindus in Ghana and Butuanon people in Philippines.

Background

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Hinduism is a heterogeneous religion and consists of many schools of thought. Hinduism includes a diversity of ideas on spirituality and traditions, but has no ecclesiastical order, no unquestionable religious authorities, no governing body, no prophet(s) nor any binding holy book; Hindus can be polytheistic, monotheistic, pantheistic, monistic, agnostic, humanist, or atheistic.[3]

Demographic estimates

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Demographic estimates of Hindu populations by country have been published by the Pew Research Center in 2012,[4] as well as US State Department's International Religious Freedom Report 2006.[5]

By total number, India has the most Hindus. As a percentage, Nepal has the largest percentage of Hindus in the world, followed by India and Mauritius.[6] The Hindu population around the world as of 2020 is about 1.2 billion, making it the world's third-largest religion after Christianity and Islam, of which nearly 1.1 billion Hindus live in India.[7][8] India contains 94% of the global Hindu population.[9][10] According to a statistical study, an estimated 100 million Hindus live outside of India.[11] In 2010, only two countries in the world had a majority of their population as Hindus – Nepal and India.[12] In Mauritius, 48.14 percent of the population were Hindu, according to the 2015 census.[13] Bangladesh, Indonesia, Pakistan, Fiji, Bhutan, Guyana, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Sri Lanka have very large and influential Hindu minorities.[weasel words][citation needed]

By country

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Sources used for the table below include the US State Department,[5] the CIA World Factbook,[14] adherents.com, thearda.com,[15][16] and Pew Research Center.[17][18] and as identified.

Hinduism by country
Region Country Hindu total Percentage Total population Census year
South Asia   Afghanistan <1,000(est) <0.01%[19][20] 31,889,923 2017
North Africa   Algeria 5,720 0.01%[21] 43,053,053 2019
Western Europe   Andorra 300 - 400 0.4%[22] 60,000 >2012
Caribbean   Anguilla 50 - 60 0.43%[23] 13,452 -NA-
Caribbean   Antigua and Barbuda 379 0.4%[24] 81,799 -NA-
South America   Argentina 4,000+ 0.01%[25] 40,301,927 -NA-
Oceania   Australia 684,000 2.7%[26] 23,401,400 2021
Central Europe   Austria 11,000 0.1%[27] 8,900,000
Middle East   Bahrain 7,000 – 144,286[note 1] <1%–9.8%[30][note 1] 708,573
South Asia   Bangladesh 14,300,000 8.54%[31] 167,000,000 2011
Caribbean   Barbados 1,055 0.46%[32] 226,193
Western Europe   Belgium 6,235 0.06%[33] 10,392,226
Central America and Caribbean   Belize 612 0.2%[34] 294,385
South Asia   Bhutan 185,700 22.6%–25%[35][36] 742,737
Southern Africa   Botswana 3,353 0.3%[37] 1,372,675
South America   Brazil 5,675–9,500 0.0029%[38]–0.01% 192,755,799
Southeast Asia   Brunei 131 0.035%[39] 374,577
West Africa   Burkina Faso 150 0.001%[citation needed] 14,326,203
Central Africa   Burundi 8,391 0.1%[40][41] 8,390,505
Southeast Asia   Cambodia 41,988 0.3%[42][43] 13,995,904
North America   Canada 828,200 2.3%[44] 36,990,141 2021
Central Europe   Czech Republic 2,404 0.023%[45] 10,436,560
East Asia   China 20,000[46] <0.1%[47] 1,412,600,000
South America   Colombia 8,876 0.02%[48] 44,379,598
East Africa   Comoros 711 0.1%(approx)
[citation needed] 		711,417
Central Africa   Congo (Kinshasa) 30,000[18] 0.18%[18] 65,751,512
Balkans   Croatia 449 0.01% (approx)[49] 4,493,312
North America   Cuba 23,927 0.21%[50] 11,394,043
West Africa   Côte d'Ivoire 18,013 0.1%[51][52] 18,013,409
Middle East   Cyprus 4,640 0.4%[53] 1,160,987 2015
Western Europe   Denmark 5,468 0.1%[54][55] 5,468,120
East Africa   Djibouti 99 0.02%[56] 496,374
Caribbean   Dominica 145 0.2%[57] 72,386
North Africa   Egypt 2,700 0.003%[58] 82,761,244 2010
East Africa   Eritrea 4,907 0.1% (approx)[59] 4,906,585
Eastern Europe   Estonia 295 0.027%[60] 1,094,564
Oceania   Fiji 261,136 27.9%[61][62] 935,974
Western Europe   Finland 5,000 0.1%[63] 5,238,460
Western Europe   France 121,000 0.2%[64] 63,718,187
Eastern Europe   Georgia 465 0.01% (approx)[65] 4,646,003
Western Europe   Germany 130,000 0.15% (approx)[66] 82,660,000
West Africa   Ghana 12,500 0.05% (approx)[67] 22,931,299
Western Europe   Gibraltar 628 2.0%[68] 32,194
Caribbean   Grenada 630 0.7%[69] 89,971
Caribbean   Guadeloupe 2,300 0.5%[70] 460,000
South America and Caribbean   Guyana 190,966 24.9%[71] 769,095
Central Europe   Hungary 3,307[72][73][74] 0.03% 9,603,634 2022
South Asia   India 1,053,000,000 79.8%[75][76][77] 1,320,000,000 (2011 Census)
Southeast Asia   Indonesia 4,679,053[78] 1.71%[78] 273,873,000 2021
Middle East   Iran 20,000[18] <0.1[18] 65,397,521
Western Europe   Ireland 14,300 0.30%[79] 4,761,865 2016
Middle East   Israel c.500–1,400 0.01%[80] 9,412,850 2020
Western Europe   Italy 108,950 0.2% (approx)[81] 60,418,000
Caribbean   Jamaica 1,836 0.07%[82] 2,780,132
East Asia   Japan 30,000[18] <0.1[18] 127,433,494
Middle East   Jordan 10,185 0.1[83] 10,185,500 2020
Central Asia   Kazakhstan 1,878 0.01%[84] 18,632,000 2020
East Africa   Kenya 60,000[18] 0.1%[18] 37,000,000
East Asia   Korea, South 12,452 0.015% (approx) 49,044,790
Middle East   Kuwait 300,667[note 2] 12%[86] 2,505,559
Eastern Europe   Latvia 179 0.012%[87] 1,481,823
Middle East   Lebanon 4,926 0.1% (approx)[88] 4,925,502
Eastern Europe   Lithuania 344 0.01%[89] 2,561,000
Southern Africa   Lesotho 2,125 0.1% (approx)[90][91] 2,125,262
West Africa   Liberia 3,196 0.1% (approx)[92] 3,195,931
North Africa   Libya 6,037 0.1%[93][94] 6,036,914
Western Europe   Luxembourg 336 0.07% (approx)[95] 480,222
Southern Africa   Madagascar 19,449 0.1%[96][97] 19,448,815
Southern Africa   Malawi 2,721 – 2,726 0.02%[98] – 0.2%[99] 13,603,181
Southeast Asia   Malaysia 1,949,850 6.3%[100][101] 30,949,962
Caribbean   Martinique 1,317 0.3%[102] 439,202
South Asia   Maldives 37 0.01%[103] 369,031
Southern Africa   Mauritius 670,000 50.63%[104][105] 1,266,000 2020
Eastern Europe   Moldova 433 0.01% (approx)[106] 3,200,000
North Africa   Morocco 200 0.0006[107] 32,781,860 2011
Southern Africa   Mozambique 10,453 – 41,811 0.05%[108] – 0.2%[109] 20,905,585
Southeast Asia   Myanmar 252,763[110] 0.5%[111] 50,279,900[112] 2014
South Asia   Nepal 23,677,744 81.19%[113] 29,164,578[114] 2021
Western Europe   Netherlands 96,110 – 200,000 0.58%[115] – 1.20%[116] 16,570,613
Oceania   New Zealand 144,753 2.9%[117] 4,115,771
Western Europe   Norway 23,140 0.5% 4,627,926
Middle East   Oman 96,147 – 182,679 3%[118] – 5.7%[119] 3,204,897
South Asia   Pakistan 5,217,216 2.17%[120] 240,458,089 2023
Central America   Panama 9,726 0.3%[121][122] 3,242,173
Southeast Asia   Philippines 30,634[15] <0.1%[15] 102,000,000[123]
Western Europe   Portugal 7,396 0.07% 10,642,836
Central Europe   Poland 2,421 0.008%[124] 30,575,000
Caribbean   Puerto Rico 3,550 0.09%[125] 3,944,259
Middle East   Qatar 422,118 15.1%[126] 2,795,484[127] 2020
East Africa   Réunion 55,409 6.7%[128] 927,000
Eastern Europe   Russia 143,000 0.1%[129] 141,377,752
Oceania   Samoa 38 0.02% (approx) 187,429
Saint Kitts and Nevis   Saint Kitts and Nevis 860 1.82%[130] 47,195 2011
Middle East   Saudi Arabia 303,611[note 3] 0.6%[132] – 1.1%[133] 27,601,038
East Africa   Seychelles 5,508 5.4%[134][135] 102,812 2022
West Africa   Sierra Leone 2,458 – 6,145 0.04%[136] – 0.1%[137] 6,144,562
Southeast Asia   Singapore 280,000 5.0%[138][139] 5,600,000 2011
Central Europe   Slovakia 5,448 0.1% (approx)
[citation needed] 		5,447,502
Central Europe   Slovenia 500 0.025% (approx)
[citation needed] 		2,009,245
Eastern Africa   Somalia 8,278 0.06%[140] 13,797,204 2015
Southern Africa   South Africa 505,000 0.9%[141]-1.1%[18] 49,991,300
Western Europe   Spain 75,000 0.11%[142] 48,692,804 2024
South Asia   Sri Lanka 2,671,000 12.6%[143] 21,200,000 2011
South America and Caribbean   Suriname 120,623 – 128,995 22.3%[144] – 27.4%[145] 470,784
Southern Africa   Eswatini 1,700 – 2,266 0.15%[146] – 0.2%[147] 1,133,066
Western Europe   Sweden 7,044 – 10,837 0.078% – 0.12%[148] 9,031,088
Western Europe   Switzerland 28,708-50,000[149][150] 0.38%[151][152]-0.6%[153] 7,554,661
East Africa   Tanzania 50,000[154] 0.11%[154] 39,384,223
Caribbean   Trinidad and Tobago 240,100 18.2%[155][156][157] 1,056,608 2011
Southeast Asia   Thailand 65,000 0.1%[158] 65,068,149
Oceania   Tonga 100 0.1%[159] 103,043
North Africa   Tunisia 120 0.001%[160] 11,303,942 2016
Middle East   Turkey 843 0.001%[161] 83,614,362 2020
Eastern Europe   Ukraine 42,386 0.1%[162] 42,386,400
East Africa   Uganda 100,000[47] 0.3%[47] 38,225,447
Middle East   United Arab Emirates 490,000[note 4] 5 - 20%[164] 9,682,000
Western Europe   United Kingdom 1,020,000 1.7%[165][166] 60,776,238 2017
North America   United States 3,338,210 1.0%[167] 332,000,000 2020
Caribbean   United States Virgin Islands 528 1.9%[168] 28,054
Central Asia   Uzbekistan 895[169] 0.0025% 34,558,900 2020
Southeast Asia   Vietnam 70,000 0.07% 85,262,356
Middle East   Yemen 155,614 0.7%[170] 22,230,531
Southern Africa   Zambia 16,068 0.14%[171][172] 11,477,447
Southern Africa   Zimbabwe 3,000 0.02% 12,311,143
Total 1,100,000,000 - 1,120,000,000 15%[1] 7,500,000,000

By region

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These percentages were calculated by using the above numbers. The first percentage, in the 4th column, is the percentage of the population that is Hindu in a specific region (Hindus in the region * 100/total population of the region). The last column shows the Hindu percentage compared to the total Hindu population of the world (Hindus in the region * 100/total Hindu population of the world).

(Note: Egypt, Sudan, and other Arab Maghreb countries are counted as part of North Africa, not the Middle East).

Hinduism in Africa
Region Total Population Hindus % of Hindus % of Hindu total
Central Africa 193,121,055 N/A N/A N/A
East Africa 193,741,900 667,694 0.345% 0.071%
North Africa 202,151,323 5,765 0.003% 0.001%
Southern Africa 137,092,019 1,269,844 0.926% 0.135%
West Africa 268,997,245 70,402 0.026% 0.007%
Total 885,103,542 2,013,705 0.225% 0.213%
Hinduism in Asia
Region Total Population Hindus % of Hindus % of Hindu total
Central Asia 92,019,166 149,644 0.163% 0.016%
East Asia 1,527,960,261 130,631 0.009% 0.014%
West Asia 274,775,527 3,187,673 1.5% 0.084%
South Asia 1,437,326,682 1,068,728,901 70.05% 98.475%
Southeast Asia 571,337,070 6,386,614 1.118% 0.677%
Total 3,903,418,706 1,074,728,901 26.01% 99.266%
Hinduism in Europe
Region Total Population Hindus % of Hindus % of Hindu total
Balkans 65,407,609 449 0.001% 0.001%
Central Europe 74,510,241 163 0% 0%
Eastern Europe 212,821,296 717,101 0.337% 0.076%
Western Europe 375,832,557 1,313,640 0.348% 0.138%
Total 728,571,703 2,030,904 0.278% 0.214%
Hinduism in the Americas
Region Total Population Hindus % of Hindus % of Hindu total
Caribbean 24,898,266 279,515 1.123% 0.030%
Central America 41,135,205 5,833 0.014% 0.006%
North America 446,088,748 2,131,127 0.478% 0.191%
South America 371,075,531 389,869 0.105% 0.041%
Total 883,197,750 2,806,344 0.281% 0.263%
Hinduism in Oceania
Region Total Population Hindus % of Hindus % of Hindu total
Oceania 38,552,683 791,615 2.053% 0.071%
Total 38,552,683 791,615 2.053% 0.071%

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b The estimates vary depending on whether temporary workers are included or not. The official census of the Bahrain government states that 99% of its citizens are Muslims, and the remaining 1% includes Jews, Christians, Hindus, and Bahais.[28] According to a 2017 publication by Abdullahi An-Na'im, the Muslims in Bahrain constitute 99.3% of the total population.[29]
  2. ^ The estimates vary depending on whether temporary workers – with no residency nor right to openly practice their religion – are included or not. The official Kuwaiti government census data does not count Hindus as residents or citizens of Kuwait.[85]
  3. ^ The estimates vary depending on whether temporary workers – with no residency nor right to openly practice their religion – are included or not. The Saudi Arabian government mandates that all Saudi citizens must be Muslims, and it prohibits public practice of Hinduism and other non-Muslim religions.[131]
  4. ^ The estimates vary depending on whether temporary workers – with no residency nor right to openly practice their religion – are included or not. 80% of the UAE population consists of non-citizen temporary workers, and an estimated 25% of these workers may be Hindu. Only Sunni Muslims can be naturalized new citizens in the UAE. According to the US State Department, the federal constitution of the UAE designates Islam as the official religion, and Islam is also the official religion of all seven of the individual emirates in the federal union. The Government does not recognize all non-Muslim religions and only a limited number of Christian groups are granted legal recognition in UAE. Non-Muslim and non-Christian religions such as Hinduism are not recognized legally in any of the emirates.[163]

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Web-sources

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