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Eurojet EJ200

(Redirected from XG-40)

The Eurojet EJ200 is a military low-bypass turbofan used as the powerplant of the Eurofighter Typhoon. The engine is largely based on the Rolls-Royce XG-40 technology demonstrator, which was developed in the 1980s. The EJ200 is built by the EuroJet Turbo GmbH consortium. The EJ200 is also used in the Bloodhound LSR supersonic land speed record attempting car.

EJ200
EJ200 on static display
Type Turbofan
National origin Multinational
Manufacturer EuroJet Turbo GmbH
First run 1991
Major applications Eurofighter Typhoon
Eurofighter EF2000 with both EJ200s in full reheat
DECU/DECMU of a Eurojet EJ200D engine

Development

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Rolls-Royce XG-40

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Rolls-Royce began development of the XG-40 technology demonstrator engine in 1984.[1] Development costs were met by the British government (85%) and Rolls-Royce.[2]

On 2 August 1985, Italy, West Germany and the UK agreed to go ahead with the Eurofighter. The announcement of this agreement confirmed that France had chosen not to proceed as a member of the project.[3] One issue was French insistence that the aircraft be powered by the SNECMA M88, in development at the same time as the XG-40.[4]

Eurojet EJ200

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EJ200 displayed at ILA Berlin Air Show 2018

The Eurojet consortium was formed in 1986 to co-ordinate and manage the project largely based on XG-40 technology. In common with the XG-40, the EJ200 has a three-stage fan with a high pressure ratio, five-stage low-aspect-ratio high-pressure (HP) compressor, a combustor using advanced cooling and thermal protection, and single-stage HP and LP turbines with powder metallurgy discs and single crystal blades. A reheat system (afterburner) provides thrust augmentation. The variable area final nozzle is a convergent-divergent design.

In December 2006, Eurojet completed deliveries of the 363 EJ200s for the Tranche 1 Eurofighters. Tranche 2 aircraft require 519 EJ200s.[5] As of December  2006, Eurojet was contracted to produce a total of 1,400 engines for the Eurofighter project.[6]

HAL Tejas

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EJ200 Thrust vectoring prototype

In 2009, Eurojet entered a bid, in competition with General Electric's F414, to supply a thrust vectoring variant of the EJ200 to power the Indian HAL Tejas Mk2 after both the indigenous Kaveri engine and the General Electric F404 used in prototypes and early production models proved to have insufficient performance. After evaluation and acceptance of the technical offer provided by both Eurojet and GE Aviation, the IAF preferred the EJ200 as it is lighter and more compact[7] but after the commercial quotes were compared in detail GE Aviation was declared as the lowest bidder.[8][9] A second consideration by HAL was industrial offsets, if local Eurojet engine production was set up for the Tejas it would make future Eurofighter aircraft bids to India cheaper and more competitive with the Tejas whereas it was assumed the US would not allow aircraft using the engine to be sold to India. However, in October 2020, Boeing offered to sell F/A-18 aircraft to the Indian Navy which uses the same GE F414 engine.[10]

TAI TFX

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On 20 January 2015 ASELSAN of Turkey and Eurojet Turbo GmbH signed a Memorandum of Understanding to collaborate on the EJ200 military turbofan engine programme.[11][12] It was envisaged that the collaboration would produce a derivative of the EJ200 with thrust vectoring for use in Turkey's TFX 5th generation air superiority fighter programme. However, the Eurojet EJ200 was not selected for the TFX program. Instead, the TFX will use the General Electric F110 engine until indigenous manufacture by TRMOTOR.[13]

Landspeed record attempt

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An EJ200 engine, together with a rocket engine, will power the Bloodhound LSR for an attempt at the land speed record. The target speed is at least 1000 mph.[14]

Variants

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EJ2x0

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Stage 1:

  • The EJ2x0 with 20% growth compared to the original EJ200. The EJ2x0 engine will have dry thrust increasing to some 72 kN (or 16,200 lbf) with a reheated output of around 103 kN (or 23,100 lbf).[15]

Stage 2:

  • The new engine plan to increase the output 30% more power compared to the original EJ200. The engine will have dry thrust of around 78 kN (or 17,500 lbf) with a reheated output of around 120 kN (or 27,000 lbf).[15]

Applications

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Specifications (EJ200)

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The compressor inlet, with both rotor and stator blades visible
 
Afterburner combustion devices are the spoked assemblies
 
cutaway

Data from Rolls-Royce plc[16]

General characteristics

  • Type: Afterburning turbofan
  • Length: 398.78 cm (157.00 in)
  • Diameter: 73.66 cm (29.00 in)
  • Dry weight: 988.83 kg (2,180.0 lb)

Components

  • Compressor: Axial, 3-stage LP, 5-stage HP
  • Combustors: Annular
  • Turbine: 1-stage LP, 1-stage HP

Performance

  • Maximum thrust: 60 kN (13,500 lbf) and 90 kN (20,200 lbf) (with reheat)
  • Overall pressure ratio: 26:1
  • Bypass ratio: 0.4:1
  • Air mass flow: 75–77 kg/s (9,900–10,200 lb/min)
  • Turbine inlet temperature: 1,800 K (1,527 °C; 2,780 °F)
  • Fuel consumption: 4,536–4,968 kg/h (10,000–10,950 lb/h) and 15,228–15,876 kg/h (33,570–35,000 lb/h) (with reheat)
  • Specific fuel consumption: 21–23 g/(kN⋅s) (0.74–0.81 lb/(lbf⋅h)) and 47–49 g/(kN⋅s) (1.66–1.73 lb/(lbf⋅h)) (with reheat)
  • Thrust-to-weight ratio: 6.11:1 and 9.17:1 (with reheat)

See also

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Comparable engines

Related lists

References

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Notes
  1. ^ Donne, Michael (5 March 1984). "Rolls to develop engine for fighters". UK News. Financial Times. p. 8.
  2. ^ "Rolls Readies Demonstrator Engine For European Fighter Aircraft". Advanced Fighter Technology. Aviation Week & Space Technology. Bristol, England: McGraw-Hill. 23 June 1986. p. 105.
  3. ^ Lewis, Paul (3 August 1985). "3 European Countries Plan Jet Fighter Project". Business Day. The New York Times. p. 31.
  4. ^ Donne, Michael (3 August 1985). "Why three into one will go; Europe's new combat aircraft". Financial Times. p. 6.
  5. ^ "First Tranche II EJ200 Engine Delivered for Eurofighter Typhoon". defense-aerospace.com. Briganti et Associés. 16 July 2007.
  6. ^ "EUROJET delivers all 363 Tranche 1 Engines to schedule" (PDF) (Press release). Eurojet GmbH. 22 December 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 September 2007.
  7. ^ "IAF wants EJ200 engines for Tejas, but". 5 December 2009.
  8. ^ :: Bharat-Rakshak.com - Indian Military News Headlines :: Archived 11 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine
  9. ^ "India picks GE's F414 for Tejas MkII fighter". Retrieved 3 October 2010.
  10. ^ "US proposes to sell F/A-18 fighter aircraft to Indian Navy". 29 October 2020.
  11. ^ "Turkey's ASELSAN inks deal with Eurojet for EJ200 engine | Brahmand News". Archived from the original on 25 January 2015. Retrieved 22 January 2015.
  12. ^ "ASELSAN Signs MoU with EUROJET". Archived from the original on 16 February 2015. Retrieved 22 January 2015.
  13. ^ "General Electric beats Rolls-Royce to power Turkey's indigenous fighter jet". 31 October 2018.
  14. ^ "http://www.bloodhoundssc.com/fia-world-land-speed-record"
  15. ^ a b "Eurofighter Technology and Performance : Propulsion". Archived from the original on 31 July 2010. Retrieved 13 September 2011.
  16. ^ "Rolls-Royce EJ200 Engine Data Fact Sheet". Rolls-Royce plc.
Footnotes
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