X Corps (Grande Armée)

For the similarly numbered formation in World War I and World War II, see 10th Army Corps (France).

The X Corps of the Grande Armée was a French military unit that existed during the Napoleonic Wars. The corps was first formed in 1807 and placed under the command of Marshal François Joseph Lefebvre. During the French invasion of Russia in 1812, the corps was reconstituted and Marshal Jacques MacDonald was appointed to lead it. Following the retreat from Russia, the X Corps was given the assignment of holding Danzig under the leadership of General Jean Rapp. The Siege of Danzig lasted from January 1813 until January 1814 when the garrison surrendered. It contained a Prussian contingent that went on to form the core of the reformed Prussian Army in 1813.

X Corps
Active	1807 1812–1813
Country	First French Empire
Branch	French Imperial Army
Size	Corps
Engagements	War of the Fourth Coalition Russian campaign War of the Sixth Coalition
Commanders
Notable commanders	François Joseph Lefebvre Jacques MacDonald Jean Rapp

Order of battle

Russia, 1812

Corps Commander	Chief of Staff	Chief, Artillery	Chief, Engineers	Aides-de-Camp
Marshal Étienne Macdonald	Adjutant Commander Jacques Terrier	Division General Albert Tavial	Division General Jacques de Campredon CdB Jean de Beaulieu	Squadron Chief Seguier Capt. Garola Capt. Jules J.-G. de Tamney Capt. M. de Beurnonville

7th Division

Commander	Chief of Staff	Chief, Artillery	Adjutant	Chief, Engineers	Inspecteur aux revues	Aide de Camp
Division General Charles Grandjean	Plk. Jozef Nowicki	CdB Farjon	Capt. Louis Chapuis	Capt., 1st Class Roger-P-M-A de Riencourt	Sr. Inspecteur aux revue Reybaud (Rayband)	CdB Theodore Meynier Capt. Perrin (Perin) Lt. Maisonneuve

1st Brigade	Commander: Général de brigade Étienne Pierre Sylvestre Ricard
	5th Polish Line Regt	Commander: Plk. Stefan Oskierko
		1st Battalion	2nd Battalion	3rd Battalion	4th Battalion	Artillery Regt
		CdB Ludwik Kaminski	CdB Jan Godlewski	CdB Feliks Stokowski	Not present	Kapt. Ignacy Kulesza
	13th Bavarian Line Regt	Commander: Oberst Franz Baron Schlossberg
		1st Battalion		2nd Battalion	1st Section, 2nd Bavarian
		Maj. Caspar Poyk (Poeck)		Maj. Franz von Pillement		Untlt. Alois Escher(t) II
2nd Brigade	Commander: Général de brigade Michal Radziwill Aide-de-camp: Kapitan Antoni Niesiolowski
	10th Polish Line Regt	Commander: Polkovnik Henryk Kamienski
		1st Battalion	2nd Battalion	3rd Battalion	4th Battalion	Artillery Regt
		CdB Jan Krassin (Crassin, Krassyn)	CdB Franciszek Czyzewski	CdB Nicolas Joseph Daine	Not present	Kapt. Leneke
3rd Brigade	Commander: Général de brigade Gilbert Bachelu
	11th Polish Line Regt	Commander: Polkovnik Aleksander Chlebowski
		1st Battalion	2nd Battalion	3rd Battalion	4th Battalion	Artillery Regt
		CdB Piotr Szembeck	CdB Kazimierz Poniatowski	CdB Karol Jon(n)emann	Not present	Kapt. Ostrowski
1st Westphalian Line Regt	Commander: Colonel Georg Ferdinand Plesmann
	1st Battalion		2nd Battalion		Artillery Regt
	CdB Johann Philipp Bauer		Capt. David von Kruse (later CdB)		Kapt. von Haustein
Division (Prussian) Cavalry (detached from 27th Division)	Commander: Oberst Karl F. von Hunerbein
	1st Prussian Combined Hussar Regt	Regiment Commander: Major Dietrich C. G. von Cosel
		1st Leib Hussar Regt		2nd Leib Hussar Regt
		3rd Squadron	4th Squadron	2nd Squadron		3rd Squadron
		Rittm. Karl Leopold F. Dallmer	Rittm. Meyer	Maj. von Kurnatowsky		Rittm. Karl L. Zastrow
Division Artillery and Engineers	Commander: ?
	6th Polish Foot Company	1st Polish Horse Company		Polish Garde d'Artie		4th Polish Sapper Company
	Kapt. Turdeski	Kapt. Wladyslaw Ostrowski		Detachment		Kapt. Jozef Dobrzyński
Division Train	Commander: ?
	12th Battalion (in German)			6th Train Company
	?			S.-lieutenant Benoist (?)

27th (Prussian) Infantry Division

Corps	Commander	2nd in Command	Chief of Staff	Quartermaster	Chief Engineer	Adjutants
Prussian Mobile Corps	General d. Inf. Julius von Grawert	GenLt Ludwig Yorck	Obst. Friedrich E. von Roeder	Obstlt. Johann F. K. von Lossau (Genstab.)	Maj. Markoff	Maj. Anton F. F. von Seydlitz Pr.-Lt. Friedrich von Brandenstein (Genstab.) Maj. Johann Alexander von Traubenfeld (Genstab.) Kapt. Wilhelm von Schack (Genstab.) Pr.-Lt. Lölhöffel von Löwensprung (Genstab.)
Prussian Infantry	GenMjr Friedrich Graf Kleist von Nollendorf	-	Maj. Ernst von Perbandt (Genstab.)	-	-	Maj. Johann F. W. von Schon Maj. Alexander Heinrich von Thile II (Genstab.) Sec.-Lt. von Rudiger (aggr. zum[needs translation] Genstab.)
Prussian Cavalry	GenLt Friedrich von Massenbach	-	-	-	-	Maj. Ludwig E. C. von Kyckpusch (Genstab.)

Brigades
1st Brigade
	Commander: Oberst Hans Franz von Below Adjutant: Stabs-Kapit. von Drygalski
	Inftantry Regt Nr. 1	Commander, 2nd East Prussian Regt: Major Friedrich Wilhelm von Sjöholm
		1st East Prussian Infantry Regt		2nd East Prussian Infantry Regt
		Fusilier Battalion	II Battalion	I Battalion
		Maj. Christoph J. H. von Erammon	Maj. Carl von Kurnatowsky	Maj. Ludwig von Krauthof
	Inftantry Regt Nr. 2	Commander, 3rd East Prussian Infantry Regt: Major Ludwig F. von Sjoholm II
		3rd East Prussian Infantry Regt		4th East Prussian Infantry Regt
		I Battalion		Fusilier Battalion	I Battalion
		Maj. Karl R. W. von Beckedorff		Maj. Johann F. von Pfeiffer	Maj. Julius von Lübtow
		?
		Fusilier Battalion
		?
		2nd East Prussian Regt
		Fusilier Battalion
		Maj. Friedrich W. von Funck
2nd Brigade
	Commander: Oberstleutnant Heinrich Wilhelm von Horn Adjutant: St. Kaptitan August Wilhelm Graf von Kanitz
	Infantry Regt Nr. 3	Commander, Colb. Infantry Regt: Major Karl F. F. von Steinmetz
		Colb. Infantry Regt		1st Pomeranian Infantry Regt
		I Battalion		Fusilier Battalion	II Battalion
		Maj. Friedrich W. von Quednow		Maj. August Ferdinand von Borcke	Maj. Carl Ludwig Frhr. von Linsingen
	Infantry Regt Nr. 4	Commander: Major Ernst Ludwig von Tippelskirch
		Leib-Grenadier-Regt
		Fusilier Battalion	I Battalion	II Battalion
		Maj. August Heinrich von Reuss	Maj. Konstantin G. L. von Zepelin Maj. Friedrich Christoph von Oertzen	Maj. Julius Gustav Friedrich von Both
3rd Brigade
	Commander: Oberst Eugen von Raumer Adjutant: Major von Collrepp
	Infantry Regt Nr. 5	Commander: Major Ludwig D. K. von Schmalensee
		1st West Prussian Infantry Regt		2nd West Prussian Infantry Regt
		I Battalion		Fusilier Battalion	I Battalion
		Maj. von Imbrecht		Maj. Julius L. von Rudolphi Maj. Georg W. von Lettow	Maj. Friedrich E. von Loebell
	Infantry Regt Nr. 6	Commander: Major Arwed K. von Carnall
		1st Sch. Inft. Regt		2nd Sch. Inft. Regt
		Maj. von Happe		Maj. Karl G. S. von Lessel	Maj. Karl Heinriich von Ziemietzi
		East Prussian Jäger Battalion		1st Battery, Prussian Army
		Maj. Vollmar K. F. von Clausewitz		Uffz. Staffehl (one 3-lbr)
1st Cavalry Brigade	Commander: Oberst Wilhelm Jeannert
	1st Combined Dragoon Regt	Commander: Major Karl Alexander Wilhelm von Treskow
		1st Lithuanian Dragoon Regt		2nd West Prussian Dragoon Regt
		2nd Squadron	4th Squadron	1st Squadron	2nd Squadron
		Maj. von Kameke	St. Rittm. Dresler	Maj. von Manstein	Maj. Friedrich Frhr. von Stiern
	2nd West Prussian Dragoon Regt	Commander: Major Ernst T. von Eicke
	2nd West Prussian Combined Dragoon Regt	Commander: Oberstleutnant Alexander G. L. M. M. von Wahlen-Jürgass
	1st West Prussian Dragoon Regt
		1st Squadron		3rd Squadron
		Rittm. Karl Weiss		Rittm. Ernst L. B. von Printz
	3rd Combined Hussar Regt	Commander: Major Ernst T. von Eicke
		1st Schles. Hussar Regt		2nd Schles. Hussar Regt
		1st Squadron	3rd Squadron	1st Squadron	2nd Squadron
		St. Rittm. Friedrich A. Kehler	St. Rittm. Muller	Maj. Johann H. von Schill

(Prussian) Corps Artillery

Brigades
Commander: Major Johann H. von Schmidt
Foot Artillery	Commander: Major Johann Friedrich Wilhelm von Fiebig
	Foot Battery No. 1 (6-pdr)	Foot Battery No. 2 (6-pdr)	Foot Battery No. 3 (6-pdr)	Foot Battery No. 4 (6-pdr)	Half Battery (12-pdr)
	Pr.-Kapit. Huet	Stabs-Kapit. Wegner	Stabs-Kapit. Ziegler	Pr.-Kapit. Ludwig	Pr.-Kapit. von Roszynski
Horse Artillery	Major Gustav von Fiebig II
	1st Horse Battery	2nd Horse Battery		3rd Horse Battery
	Stabs-Kapit. Johann K. L. von Zincken	Pr.-Kapit. Georg W. von Rentzell		Pr.-Kapit. von Graumann
Artillery Park	?
	Park (Munitions) columns
	No. 1	No. 2	No. 3	No. 4	No. 5
	Sec.-Lt. Schliew	Sec.-Lt. Herrmann	Prem.-Lt. Barenkampff	Pr.-Kapit. Meyer (4th Foot Co., Prussian Brigade)	Sec.-Lt. von Hertig I (8th Foot Co., Brand. Brig.)
Bridging Column
	Handwerk Columns	Commander, 2nd Foot Battery: Seconde-Lieutenant Lieben
		No. 1		No. 2
		?		?

Corps Train

Miners
	?
	1st Battalion			2nd Battalion
	3rd Company		5th Company	1st Company
	?		?	?
Sappers
	?
	1st Battalion	Sapeurs de I'ile d'Elbe		Prussian Sappers
		1st Company	2nd Company	Marine Bataillion d'ouviers de l'Escaut	17th equipage de flottille
	?	?	?	?	?

Recommended reading

• Akademja Umiejetnosci, Kraków. Polski Slownik Biograficzny. Kraków, 1935-.
• Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie. 56 vols. Leipzig, 1875-1912.
• Almanach Royal de Wesphalie. Cassel, 1812-1813.
• Almanach Imperial. 1812-13. Paris, 1812-13.
• Auriol, Charles. "Retraite du 10e Corps de la Grande-Armée de la Dwina sur Dantzig (1812), Documents Inedits". In La Spectateur Militaire. Vol. 42. Paris, 1888. pp. 226–296.
• Baltische Monatsschrift. 1910-1912.
• Beihefte zum Militar-Wochenblatt. Nr. 8-9. Berlin, 1894. pp. 268–298.
• Bogdanovich, Modest I. Istoriia Otechestvennoi voiny 1812 goda. 3 vols. Spb., 1859-60.
• Charbanier, Jean. "La Grande Armée en Lithuanie et en Courland". In Revue Historique de l'Armée. No. 2, 1973. pp. 29–47.
• Chelminski, Jan and A. Malibran. L'Armee du Duché de Varsovie. Paris, 1913.
• Costantini, A. "Le Marechal Macdonald, Chef du 10e Corps Juin 1812 - Janvier 1813". In Revue Historique de l'Armée. No. 2, 1971. pp. 58–78.
• Dziennik dzialan wojennych 7 dywizji (gdanskiej) w 1812 r. Edited by Janusz Staszewskii. In Rocznik Gdanski Vol. 11. Gdańsk, 1937.
• Defense de Dantzig en 1813 : Journal de Siege : Journal Personnel et Notes du General du Division de Campredon Commandant le Genie du Xe Corps : Lettres Diverses / annotés et publiés par Charles Auriol.@ Paris, 1888.
• Droysen. Das Leben des Feldmarschalls Grafen York von Wartenberg. 2 vols. Leipzig, 1913.
• Eckardt. York und Paulucci. Aktenstucke und Beitrage zur Geschichte der Convention von Tauroggen. Leipzig, 1865.
• Fabry, Gabriel Joseph. Campagne de 1812, Documents Relatifs a l'Aile Gauche 20 Août - 4 Decembre. Paris, 1912.
• Fabry, Gabriel Joseph. Campagne de Russie, 1812. 5 vols. Paris, 1900-03.
• Hartwich, Julius von. 1812. Der Feldzug in Kurland. Nach den Tagbuchern und Briefen des Leutnants Julius v. Hartwich zusammengestellt von Rugiger v. Schoeler. Berlin, 1910.
• Gembarzewski, Bronislav. Wojska Polskie, Ksiestwo Warszawskie 1807-1814. Warsaw, 1912.
• Kirkor, Stanislaw. Pod Sztandarami Napoleona. London, 1982.
• Kreuzwendedich von der Borne. Geschichte des Infanterie-Regiments Prinz Louis Ferdinand v. Preussen, 2. Magdeburgisches Nr 27 von 1815-1895. Berlin, 1896.
• Lossberg, Friedrich Wilhelm von. Briefe in die Heimat. Cassel, 1844.
• Loza, Stanislaw. Legia Honorowa w Polsce 1803-1923. Zamość, 1923.
• Lunsmann, Fritz. Die Armee des Koniglichs Westfalen 1807-1813. Berlin, 1935.
• Marco de Saint-Hilaire, Emile. Histoire de la Campagne de Russie pendant l'Annee 1812.... 2 vols. Paris, [1846-1848].
• Margueron, Cmdt. Campagne de Russie. 3 vols. in 4. Paris, n.d.
• Martinien, A. Tableaux par corps et par batailles des officiers tues et blesses pedant les guerres de l'Empire (1805–1815). Reprint edition.. Paris, Editions Militaires Europeennes, S.d.
• Nafziger, George et al. Poles and Saxons of the Napoleonic Wars. Chicago, 1991.
• Nekrolog of Georg Plessmann in "Frankfurther patriotisches Wochenblatt ...." Nro. 10, 1817.
• Ostrowski, Ant. Zywot Thomasza Ostrowskiego. vol. 1. Lvov, 1872.
• Otechestvennaia voina 1812 goda. Part I, 21 volumes (in 22); Part II, 1 volume. St.-Petersburg, Tipografia ABerezhlivost, 1900-1914. The first 7 volumes of Part I were translated into French by E. Cazalas and published, at the direction of the Section Historique of the French General Staff, under the title ALa guerre nationale de 1812", beginning in 1902.
• Polotsko-vitebskaia starina. Vitebsk, 1911-1916.
• Poniatowski, Jozef, prince. Korrespondencya ksiecia Jozefa Poniatowskiego z Francya. 5 vols. Poznań, 1921-29.
• Das Preussische Heer der Befreiungskriege. Vol.1. Berlin, 1912. Reprint edition, 1982.
• Priesdorf, Kurt von. Soldatisches Fuhrertum. 10 vols. Hamburg, 1936-45.
• Quintin, Danielle et Bernard. Dictionnaire de Colonels de Napoleon. 1996. S.P.M., Paris.
• Rangliste der Koniglich Bayerischen Armee fur das Jahr 1811. Neudruch der Ausgabe 1811. Osnabrück, 1982.
• Rang- und Quartierliste der Preussischen Armee von 1812. Unveranderter Faksimiledruck mit einer Einleitung von Werner Hahlweg. Osnabrück, 1968.
• Rousset, Camille, editor. Souvenirs du Marechal Macdonald, duc de Tarente. Paris, 1892.
• Schoning, Kurd Wolfgang v. Historisch-biographische Nachrichten zur Geschichte der Brandenburgisch-Preussischen Artillerie. Vol. 3. Berlin, 1845.
• Schubert, Franz and Hans Vara. Geschichte des K. B. 13. Infanterie-Regiments Kaiser Franz Joseph von Osterreich. Vol 1. Munich, 1910.
• Seraphim. Der Feldzeug in Kurland 1812. Riga, 1910.
• Seydlitz. Tagebuch des K. Preussischen Armeecorps im Feldzuge 1812. Berlin, 1823.
• "10e Corps d'Armee - Situation au 20. Juin 1812" in Marshal Davout's archive at the S. H. A. T.
• Six, Georges. Dictionnaire Biographique des Généraux & Admiraux Français de la Revolution et de l'Empire (1792–1814). 2 volumes. Reprint edition. Paris, Georges Saffroy, 1974.
• Stalins, Jean-Luc. Ordre Imperial de la Reunion. Paris, 1958.
• Strotha, von. Die Koniglich Preussische Reitende Artillerie vom Jahre 1759 bis 1816. Berlin, 1861. Reprint edition Wiesbaden, 1981.
• Staszewski, Janusz. "Dywizja gdanska w walkach nad Dzwina i w obronie Gdanska (1812–13)". In Rocznik Gdanski Vol. 11. Gdańsk, 1933-34.
• Staszewski, Janusz. "Z dziejow garizonu polskiego w Gdansku w latach 1808-1812". In ARocznik Gdanski Vol. 7/8. Gdańsk, 1937.
• "Die Theilnahme des Preussischen Hulfscorps an dem Feldzuge gegen Russland im Jahre 1812". In Kriegsgeschichtliche Einzelschriften Vol. 4, Heft 24. Berlin, 1898. Pp. vii, 433-566, 5 folding maps.
• Voenno-istoricheskii sbornik. Spb., 1911-16.
• Voigt, Gunter. Deutschlands Heere bis 1918. Ursprung und Entwicklung der eizelnen Formationen. Vol 1 - Die Garde- und die Grenadier-Regimenter 1-12 der preussoischen Armee. Osnabrück, 1980.
• Wesolowski, Zdzislaw P. The Order of the Virtuti Militari and its Cavaliers 1792-1992 (sic)... Miami, 1992.
• Zych, Gabriel. Armia Ksiestwa Warszawskiego 1807-1812. Warsaw, 1961.