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Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy

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Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy (8 July 1949 – 2 September 2009), popularly known as YSR, was an Indian politician. He served as the 14th chief minister of Andhra Pradesh from 2004 to 2009. Reddy was elected (1989, 1991, 1996 and 1998) four terms to the Lok Sabha from Kadapa and was also elected (1978, 1983, 1985, 1999, 2004 and 2009) six terms to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Pulivendula. Over the course of his career, he won every election that he contested, either to Assembly or Lok Sabha.

Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy
YSR Postal Stamp 2010[1]
14th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh
In office
14 May 2004[2][3] – 2 September 2009[4]
Governor
Cabinet
Preceded byN. Chandrababu Naidu
Succeeded byKonijeti Rosaiah
Additional ministries
In office
14 May 2004 – 2 September 2009
Ministry and Departments
  • General Administration
  • Law & Order
  • Other departments not allocated to any Minister
Succeeded byKonijeti Rosaiah
7th Leader of the Opposition
Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly
In office
11 October 1999[5] – 13 May 2004
Governor
Chief MinisterN. Chandrababu Naidu
Preceded byP. Janardhan Reddy
Succeeded byN. Chandrababu Naidu
Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
In office
2 December 1989 – 26 April 1999
Preceded byD. N. Reddy
Succeeded byY. S. Vivekananda Reddy
ConstituencyKadapa
12th President of
Andhra Pradesh Congress Committee
In office
1998–1999
AICC PresidentSonia Gandhi
Preceded byKonijeti Rosaiah
Succeeded bySatyanarayana Rao
In office
1983–1985
AICC President
Preceded byGaddam Venkatswamy
Succeeded byJalagam Vengala Rao
Minister of Excise,
Rural Development and Education[6]
Government of Andhra Pradesh
In office
1980–1983
GovernorK. C. Abraham
Chief Minister
Succeeded by
Member of Legislative Assembly
Andhra Pradesh
In office
11 October 1999 – 2 September 2009
Preceded byY. S. Vivekananda Reddy
Succeeded byY. S. Vijayamma
ConstituencyPulivendla
In office
5 March 1978 – 28 November 1989
Preceded byPenchikala Basi Reddy
Succeeded byY. S. Vivekananda Reddy
ConstituencyPulivendla
Personal details
Born
Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy

(1949-07-08)8 July 1949
Pulivendula, Madras State (present-day Andhra Pradesh), India
Died2 September 2009(2009-09-02) (aged 60)
Nallamala Hills, Andhra Pradesh, India
Cause of deathHelicopter crash
Resting placeYSR Ghat, Idupulapaya
Political partyIndian National Congress
Spouse
​
(m. 1971)​
ChildrenY. S. Jaganmohan Reddy (son)
Y. S. Sharmila (daughter)
Parent
  • Y. S. Raja Reddy (father)
RelativesY. S. Vivekananda Reddy (brother)
Y. S. Avinash Reddy (nephew)
EducationMBBS
Alma materMahadevappa Rampure Medical College
Profession

On 2 September 2009, a helicopter carrying Reddy went missing in the Nallamala Forest area which was later confirmed to have crashed with all five people including Reddy pronounced dead.[7]

Padayatra

In 2003, he undertook a three-month-long padayatra covering 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) in 60 days across 11 districts of Andhra Pradesh as a part of his election campaign. He led the Congress party to victory in the 2004 and 2009 assembly elections.[8]

Early and personal life

Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy was born on 8 July 1949 in Pulivendula, Kadapa district, Madras State (present day Andhra Pradesh) into a Christian Reddy family of Y. S. Raja Reddy, as eldest of five sons.[9][10] Rajasekhara Reddy completed his medical studies in Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College, Gulbarga, Karnataka and served as medical officer at CSI-Campbell Mission Hospital, Jammalamadugu after completing his studies. In 1973, he established a 70-bed hospital.[11] His father Raja Reddy, was assassinated in a bomb attack on 23 May 1998.[12]

Reddy was married to Vijaya Lakshmi.[13] They had a son Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy and a daughter Y. S. Sharmila.[14] His son Jagan and younger brother Y. S. Vivekananda are also politicians. Reddy was a practicing Christian and visited Bethlehem, Palestine, twice.[15][14]

Career

Rajasekhara Reddy joined Indian National Congress in 1978 and won the 1978 legislative assembly elections from Pulivendula. He became minister for Rural Development from 1980 and later shifted to the Excise Ministry in 1982 and Education in 1982–83. He won the 1983 and 1985 elections from the same constituency. He was appointed the state president of the Congress party by Indira Gandhi. He won from Kadapa Parliamentary constituency for four terms in 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th Lok Sabha. He returned to state politics and won the 1999 assembly elections from the same Pulivendula constituency and served as leader of opposition in Andhra Pradesh State Assembly from 1999 to 2004.[11][16] In 2003, he undertook a three-month-long padayatra covering 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) in 60 days across 11 districts of Andhra Pradesh as a part of his election campaign.[17]

Chief Ministership (2004–09)

Reddy led the congress party to victory in the 2004 assembly election and served as the 14th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh from 2004 to 2009. During his tenure as Chief Minister, he enacted schemes to provide free electricity for farmers, a health insurance program for rural people living below the poverty line,[18] a free public ambulance service,[19] low interest loans to rural women, subsidised housing for the rural poor,[20] subsidized rice,[21] reimbursement of college fees for underprivileged and reservation for minorities.[22] His tenure also saw the weakening of the violent extremist left-wing Naxalite movement that was rampant in the state.[11] He commenced the Jala Yagnam project to irrigate 4,000,000 hectares (10,000,000 acres) of land through the construction of major, medium and minor irrigation projects.[23]

He led the congress party to victory in the 2009 assembly election, winning 156 seats in the assembly.[24] He became the first incumbent chief minister from Congress since 1969 to win and was sworn in as the 15th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh on 20 May 2009.[25][26][27]

Disappearance and death

Main article: 2009 Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister helicopter crash
 
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh paying homage at the mortal remains of Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy

On 2 September 2009, Reddy's was traveling in a Bell 430 helicopter and the Begumpet and Shamshabad air traffic controllers lost contact with the aircraft at 10:02 am while it was passing through the dense Nallamala forest area.[28] The Chief Secretary of Andhra Pradesh said that inclement weather had forced the helicopter off course.[29][30] Although the sparsely populated forest area is considered to be a stronghold of the outlawed Naxal insurgents, the National Security Advisor of India ruled out the possibility of the Naxals bringing down the helicopter.[31] On 3 September, the Prime Minister's Office confirmed the crash of the helicopter and the death of all aboard along with Reddy.[32][33] The director general of police said that the bodies were charred beyond recognition and had to be identified on the basis of clothing and the autopsy was carried out at Kurnool Medical College.[34][35] An investigation eventually concluded that the factors that caused that crash was from mechanical issues and worse weather conditions.[36]

Reddy's body was buried on 4 September at Idupulapai in Kadapa district with full state honors in accordance with Christian rites.[37][38] As per media reports, 122 people died of shock or committed suicide upon hearing the news of Reddy's death, many of whom were young supporters or those who benefited from his social welfare schemes.[39] Finance minister Konijeti Rosaiah was sworn in as Chief Minister following Reddy's death.[40]

Criticism

Reddy was accused of amassing large amounts of money during his tenure as the Chief Minister.[41] He is said to have used populist schemes like irrigation projects and housing schemes to his advantage and earned huge profits through them.[41][42] In a leaked United States diplomatic cable, the American Consul General quotes that there was "widespread corruption that was beyond the pale even for India".[42][43] The surrender of more than 650 hectares (1,600 acres) of personal land by Reddy to the government to be compliant with the law in December 2006 was criticised by opposition parties. The opposition parties demanded his resignation for owning the land in violation of the law.[44]

N. Chandrababu Naidu also called for Reddy's resignation after a 2007 Khammam police shooting resulted in eight deaths.[45] A federal probe of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) was also launched to investigate disproportionate assets acquired by his son, Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy, in return for favours his father made to the industrialists. In May 2012, the CBI arrested Mopidevi Venkataramana, the then Infrastructure Minister in Reddy's cabinet, who was responsible for unduly assigning the land to a private organisations.[46]

On 8 July 2010, the Government of Andhra Pradesh renamed the Kadapa district as YSR district in honour of Reddy, who was a native of that district.[47][48] On 14 September 2009, the Andhra Cricket Association renamed ACA-VDCA cricket stadium at Visakhapatnam as Dr. Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy ACA-VDCA Cricket Stadium. Two sequential films were made about him, Yatra (2019) and Yatra 2 (2024). In 2020, the Andhra Pradesh Government declared YSR Jayanti to be celebrated as Farmer's Day on 8 July every year.


Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy family
Y. S. GangammaY. S. Venkat ReddyY. S. Mangamma
Y. S. Chinna KondareddyY. S. Pedda KondareddyY. S. SugunammaY. S. Prabhudas ReddyY. S. RatnammaY. S. Raja ReddyY. S. JayammaY. S. Purushottam ReddyY. S. Mary PuneetammaY. S. Kamalamma
Y. S. Rajasekhara ReddyY. S. VijayammaY. S. Sudheekar ReddyY. S. VidhyaJayaY. S. Ravindranath ReddyY. S. Vivekananda ReddyY. S. Soubhagyamma
Y. S. SharmilaM. Anil KumarY. S. Jagan Mohan ReddyY. S. BharathiY. S. Viranica ReddyManchu VishnuY. S. SuneethaNarreddy Rajasekhar Reddy

Election Statistics

Year Contested For Party Constituency Opponent Votes Majority Result Reference
1 1978 MLA Indian National Congress Pulivendla Devireddy Narayan Reddy (JP) 47,874 – 27,378 +20,496 Won [49]
2 1983 Yeddula Bali Reddy (IND) 47,256 – 33,889 +13,367 Won [49]
3 1985 Devi Reddy Sadasiva Reddy (TDP) 61,048 – 30,206 +30,842 Won [50]
4 1989 MP Kadapa M. V. Ramana Reddy (TDP) 4,80,524 – 3,13,772 +1,66,752 Won [51]
5 1991 Chennamsetty Ramachandraiah (TDP) 5,83,953 – 1,65,028 +4,18,925 Won [51]
6 1996 Kandula Raja Mohan Reddy (TDP) 3,68,611- 3,63,166 +5,445 Won [52]
7 1998 Kandula Raja Mohan Reddy (TDP) 3,74,762 – 3,20,881 +53,881 Won [53]
8 1999 MLA Pulivendla Singa Reddy Satish Kumar Reddy(TDP) 62,019 – 32,010 +30,009 Won [54]
9 2004 Singa Reddy Satish Kumar Reddy (TDP) 74,432 – 33,655 +40,777 Won [55]
10 2009 Singa Reddy Satish Kumar Reddy (TDP) 1,03,556 – 34,875 +68,681 Won [56]

References

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  2. ^ "The 'perpetual dissident' finally becomes CM".
  3. ^ "YSR sworn-in as Andhra CM, emerges as a mass leader". 20 May 2009.
  4. ^ Rajasekhara Reddy, four others killed in helicopter crash – https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Rajasekhara-Reddy-four-others-killed-in-helicopter-crash/article16878911.ece
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  7. ^ "Death came without warning for, YSR". The Times of India. 2 November 2009. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
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  9. ^ Reddy, Prasada; Sivarama, T. (2010). An Autobiography of Y. S. Chinna Konda Reddy (PDF). Kadapa: Y. S. Prakash Reddy.
  10. ^ Srinivasulu, K (2009). "Y S Rajasekhara Reddy: A Political Appraisal". Economic and Political Weekly. 44 (38): 8–10. ISSN 0012-9976. JSTOR 25663561.
  11. ^ a b c "YSR: A doctor with a finger on the public pulse". Mid-Day. Hyderabad: IANS. 3 September 2009. Archived from the original on 25 July 2018. Retrieved 25 October 2016.
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  20. ^ Rural livelihoods – Andhra Pradesh Rural Poverty Reduction (Report). World bank. Retrieved 23 May 2011.
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Preceded by Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh
2004–2009 		Succeeded by
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