The yellow-billed nunbird (Monasa flavirostris) is a species of near-passerine bird in the family Bucconidae, the puffbirds, nunlets, and nunbirds. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.[2][3]
| Yellow-billed nunbird | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Piciformes |
| Family: | Bucconidae |
| Genus: | Monasa |
| Species: | M. flavirostris
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| Binomial name | |
| Monasa flavirostris Strickland, 1850
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Taxonomy and systematics
editDescription
editThe yellow-billed nunbird is 23 to 25 cm (9.1 to 9.8 in) long and weighs about 39 g (1.4 oz). The adult is mostly sooty black, with the belly tending to very dark gray and the tail being greenish black. The lesser wing coverts are mostly white and show as white spots on the closed wing. The bill is yellow and noticeably shorter than those of the other members of its genus. Its eye is dark and the feet blackish. Immatures are a slightly duller black than adults and the white areas are not as prominent.[4]
Distribution and habitat
editThe yellow-billed nunbird is found in two areas of the upper Amazon Basin. One extends from southeastern Colombia through eastern Ecuador into northern Peru. The other includes eastern Peru, northern Bolivia, and western Brazil as far east as the upper Purus River. The species inhabits somewhat open landscapes such as transitional forest, secondary forest, the edges of terra firme forest, and regenerating clearings with scattered trees. It occurs from the understory to the subcanopy. In Colombia it is typically found in the Andean foothills at up to 1,400 m (4,600 ft) of elevation. In Ecuador is extends locally as high as 750 m (2,500 ft) but is usually below 400 m (1,300 ft).[4]
Behavior
editFeeding
editThe yellow-billed nunbird's feeding behavior and diet have not been extensively studied. It appears to hunt by sallies from a high exposed perch, catching its prey in the air. Its diet is assumed to be mostly insects like those of other nunbirds.[4]
Breeding
editNothing has been documented of the yellow-billed nunbird's breeding phenology.[4]
Vocalization
editThe yellow-billed nunbird's song "consists of full melodious lengthy phrases in choruses, typically including a frequently repeated 'wheekit-wheeyk, wheekit-wheeyk...'."[4]
Status
editThe IUCN has assessed the yellow-billed nunbird as being of Least Concern. Though its population has not been enumerated, it is believed to be stable.[1] It is apparently rather rare throughout its range, though it might be undercounted due to its unobtrusive habits.[4]
References
edit- ^ a b BirdLife International (2016). "Yellow-billed Nunbird Monasa flavirostris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ a b Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P. (July 2021). "IOC World Bird List (v 11.2)". Retrieved July 14, 2021.
- ^ Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 24 August 2021. Species Lists of Birds for South American Countries and Territories. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCCountryLists.htm retrieved August 24, 2021
- ^ a b c d e f Rasmussen, P. C., N. Collar, and A. Bonan (2020). Yellow-billed Nunbird (Monasa flavirostris), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.yebnun1.01 retrieved November 12, 2021