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Yon Hyong-muk

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In this Korean name, the family name is Yon.

Yon Hyong-muk, also spelt Yong Hyong-muk (November 3, 1931 – October 22, 2005), was a long-serving politician in North Korea and at the height of his career the most powerful person in that country outside the Kim family. He was Prime Minister of North Korea from 1988 to 1992.[1]

Yon Hyong-muk
7th Premier of North Korea
In office
11 December 1988 – 11 December 1992
Preceded byRi Kun-mo
Succeeded byKang Song-san
Personal details
Born3 November 1931
Kyongwon County, Kankyōhoku-dō, Korea, Empire of Japan
Died22 October 2005(2005-10-22) (aged 73)
Korean name
Hangul
연형묵
Hanja
Revised RomanizationYeon Hyeongmuk
McCune–ReischauerYŏn Hyŏngmuk

He was born in Kyongwon County, Kankyōhoku-dō, Korea, Empire of Japan (now in North Hamgyong Province, North Korea) and had a strong revolutionary background in his family. He was educated locally and employed as a farm worker.[1] Yon was educated in Czechoslovakia and by the 1950s, he was firmly established within the hierarchy of the Workers' Party of Korea. In 1967 he was selected as a deputy to the Supreme People's Assembly.[1]

During the 1970s, Yon further advanced in the Party and by the middle 1980s he was regarded as the fourth most powerful person in North Korea after Kim Il Sung, Kim Jong Il, and veteran marshal and defence minister O Jin-u. He was a candidate member of the Politburo from the early 1980s and became Prime Minister of North Korea in 1989. During this era, Yon served as Minister of Heavy Industry and this consolidated his role in the North's large armaments sector.

In this period, as Kim Il Sung and O Jin-u were both already past eighty, Yon took an important role in relations between North and South Korea. He worked hard in this field as Prime Minister and was regarded as the chief negotiator behind the Agreement on Reconciliation, Non-aggression and Exchanges and Cooperation between the South and the North (also known as the "South-North Basic Agreement") of 1991.[2][3] At the time he called it "the most valuable achievement ever made between the South and North Korean authorities."[2] For the rest of the 1990s, Yon was the chief figure behind efforts to reconcile the two Koreas.

By the 2000s, Yon was declining in health and his role in North Korean politics had become largely ceremonial by the time he died - presumably of pancreatic cancer for which he had received treatment in Russia in 2004 at the well protected Central Clinical Hospital.

Yon was a recipient of the Order of Kim Il Sung, Hero of Labor and other awards.[4]

Death and funeral

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Yon died on 22 October 2005. A funeral committee chaired by Jo Myong-rok was appointed.[4] Its members were:[5]

  1. Jo Myong-rok
  2. Kim Yong-nam
  3. Pak Pong-ju
  4. Kim Yong-chun
  5. Kim Il-chol
  6. Jon Pyong-ho
  7. Ri Yong-mu
  8. Choe Thae-bok
  9. Yang Hyong-sop
  10. Choe Yong-rim
  11. Kim Ki-nam
  12. Kim Jung-rin
  13. Hong Song-nam
  14. Kwak Pom-gi
  15. Ro Tu-chol
  16. Jon Sung-hun
  17. Kim Yong-dae
  18. Ryu Mi-yong
  19. Paek Se-pong
  20. Pak Yong-sok
  21. Pak Nam-gi
  22. Ri Kwang-ho
  23. Chae Hui-jong [ko]
  24. Ri Yong-chol
  25. Ri Je-kang
  26. Ri Jae-il
  27. Ju Kyu-chang
  28. Kim Jong-im
  29. Kim Yang-kon
  30. Ju Sang-song
  31. Ri Myong-su
  32. Hyon Chol-hae
  33. Kim Ki-son
  34. Pak Jae-kyong
  35. Kim Yang-chom
  36. Pak Sung-won
  37. Choe Pu-il
  38. Ri Thae-won
  39. Sim Sang-dae
  40. Ri Thae-nam
  41. Kim Phyong-hae
  42. Kim Rak-hui
  43. Ro Pae-kwon
  44. Kim Kyong-ho
  45. Pak To-chun
  46. Kim Kyong-ho
  47. Ryom Sun-gil
  48. Kang Chang-uk
  49. Pak Sun-hui

Works

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  • Yon Hyong-muk (October 1985). "The Great Guiding Force Leading Socialist Economic Construction to Brilliant Victory" (PDF). Kulloja. OCLC 9516938.[permanent dead link‍]
  • — (February 1987). "Leadership of the Party Is a Basic Factor for Winning Victory in Socialist Economic Construction" (PDF). Kulloja. OCLC 9516938.[permanent dead link‍]
  • — (July 1988). "Revolutionary Optimism Is the Traditional Revolutionary Spirit of Our People, Who Victoriously Pushed Their Way Through the Arduous and Rigorous Road of Revolution" (PDF). Kulloja. OCLC 9516938. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 26, 2017.

References

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  1. ^ a b c Lentz, Harris M. (2014-02-04). Heads of States and Governments Since 1945. Routledge. p. 481. ISBN 9781134264902.
  2. ^ a b Jonsson, Gabriel (2006-01-01). Towards Korean Reconciliation: Socio-cultural Exchanges and Cooperation. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 57. ISBN 9780754648642.
  3. ^ "Agreement on Reconciliation, Non-aggression and Exchanges and Cooperation between the South and the North" (PDF). 25 March 1992. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
  4. ^ a b "Yon Hyong Muk Dies". KCNA. 23 October 2005. Archived from the original on 12 October 2014.
  5. ^ 北 연형묵 국가장의위 명단. Tongil News (in Korean). KCNA. 23 October 2013. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
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