"Let's Call the Whole Thing Off" is a song written by George Gershwin and Ira Gershwin for the 1937 film Shall We Dance, where it was introduced by Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers as part of a celebrated dance duet on roller skates.[5] The sheet music has the tempo marking of "Brightly".[6] The song was ranked No. 34 on AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs.[7]
| "Let's Call the Whole Thing Off" | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Song by Fred Astaire | ||||
| B-side | "Shall We Dance" | |||
| Published | February 27, 1937 by Gershwin Publishing Corp., New York[1] | |||
| Released | April 3, 1937[2] | |||
| Recorded | March 3, 1937[3] | |||
| Studio | Los Angeles, California | |||
| Genre | Jazz, pop vocal | |||
| Label | Brunswick 7857[4] | |||
| Composer(s) | George Gershwin | |||
| Lyricist(s) | Ira Gershwin | |||
| Fred Astaire singles chronology | ||||
| ||||
Background
editThe song is most famous for its "You like to-may-to /təˈmeɪtə/ / And I like to-mah-to /təˈmɑːtə/" and other verses comparing British and American English pronunciations of tomato and other words.
The differences in pronunciation are not simply regional, however, but serve more specifically to identify class differences. At the time, typical American pronunciations were considered less "refined" by the upper-class, and there was a specific emphasis on the "broader" a sound.[8] This class distinction with respect to pronunciation has been retained in caricatures, especially in the theater, where the longer a pronunciation is most strongly associated with the word darling.[9]
Recordings
edit- Fred Astaire with Johnny Green & His Orchestra (1937)[10]
- Shep Fields and his Riplling Rhythm Orchestra with vocalist Bobby Goday (1937)[11]
- Billie Holiday – on Lady Day: The Complete Billie Holiday on Columbia 1933–1944 (1937), or on The Quintessential Billie Holiday, Vol. 4 (1937)[12]
- Sam Cooke – Tribute to the Lady (1959)
- Ella Fitzgerald – on Ella Fitzgerald Sings the George and Ira Gershwin Songbook (1959),[13] on the 1983 Pablo release Nice Work If You Can Get It, and in a 1957 duet with Louis Armstrong on Ella and Louis Again.
- Bing Crosby and Rosemary Clooney recorded the song for their radio show in 1960[14] and it was subsequently released on the CD Bing & Rosie - The Crosby-Clooney Radio Sessions (2010).[15]
- Harry Connick Jr. for the soundtrack for When Harry Met Sally (1989)
- Uri Caine – Rhapsody in Blue (2013)
- Willie Nelson with Cyndi Lauper on Summertime: Willie Nelson Sings Gershwin (2016)
Popular culture
edit- The song has been re-used in filmmaking and television production, most notably in When Harry Met Sally... – where it is performed by Louis Armstrong – and The Simpsons.
- In the February 18, 1970, Anne Bancroft television special, "Annie: The Women in the Life of a Man," Bancroft appears in a comedy sketch with David Susskind in which she plays a hapless singer in an audition who sings the song from sheet music, cluelessly ignoring the different pronunciation of to-may-to and to-mah-to, etc.[16] Ira Gershwin relates a similar incident in his 1959 book.[17] An essentially similar sketch was performed by comedians John Bird and John Fortune in the 1976 Amnesty International benefit concert A Poke in the Eye (With a Sharp Stick).
- The tune was also featured in the 2012 Broadway Musical Nice Work If You Can Get It.
- In a trailer of 2021 film Venom: Let There Be Carnage, Venom sings the song while it is playing on the radio.
- In The Muppet Show episode #350, Sylvester Stallone sings a modified version of the song while dressed as a Roman gladiator and battling a dancing lion.
Full list of differences
edit| Phrase/word | "You" | "I" |
|---|---|---|
| this and... | the other | that |
| either | /ˈiːðər/ | /ˈaɪðər/ |
| neither | /ˈniːðər/ | /ˈnaɪðər/ |
| potato | /pəˈteɪtə/ | /pəˈtɑːtə/ |
| tomato | /təˈmeɪtə/ | /təˈmɑːtə/ |
| pajamas | /pəˈdʒæməz/ | /pəˈdʒɑːməz/ |
| laughter | /ˈlæftər/ | /ˈlɑːftər/ |
| after | /ˈæftər/ | /ˈɑːftər/ |
| Havana | /həˈvænə/ | /həˈvɑːnə/ |
| banana | /bəˈnænə/ | /bəˈnɑːnə/ |
| oysters | /ˈɔɪstərz/ | /ˈɜːrstərz/ |
References
edit- ^ Library of Congress. Copyright Office. (1937). Catalog of Copyright Entries 1937 Musical Compositions New Series Vol 32 Pt 3 For the Year 1937. United States Copyright Office. U.S. Govt. Print. Off.
- ^ "Cover versions of Let's Call the Whole Thing Off by Fred Astaire with Johnny Green and His Orchestra | SecondHandSongs". secondhandsongs.com. Retrieved 2021-08-04.
- ^ "BRUNSWICK 78rpm numerical listing discography: 7500 - 8000". 78discography.com. Retrieved 2021-08-04.
- ^ "Fred Astaire – Let's Call The Whole Thing Off / Shall We Dance (Shellac)". Discogs.com. Retrieved 2021-08-04.
- ^ Philip Furia (1997). Ira Gershwin: The Art of the Lyricist. Oxford University Press. p. 147. ISBN 978-0-19-535394-5.
- ^ The Joy of... George Gershwin. Yorktown Music Press. 1 January 2011. p. 1. ISBN 978-1-78323-824-8.
- ^ "America's Greatest Music in the Movies" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-16. Retrieved 2011-10-04.
- ^ Flexner, Stuart Berg (1982). Listening to America: An Illustrated History of Words and Phrases from our Lively and Splendid Past. Simon and Schuster. p. 511. ISBN 9780671248956.
- ^ Dunkling, Leslie (1990). A Dictionary of Epithets and Terms of Address. Routledge. p. 86. ISBN 9780415007610.
- ^ "Astaire on 78". America.net. Archived from the original on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 2011-10-04.
- ^ Shep Fields performs "Let's Call the Whole Thing Off, Archive.org
- ^ Yanow, Scott. "The Quintessential Billie Holiday, Vol. 4 (1937) – Review". AllMusic.
- ^ "Ella Fitzgerald Discography – Part 2 – The Verve Years part 1". Ellafitzgerald.altervista.org. Archived from the original on 2011-09-29. Retrieved 2011-10-04.
- ^ "A Bing Crosby Discography". BING magazine. International Club Crosby. Retrieved December 8, 2017.
- ^ "Bing & Rosie: The Crosby-Clooney Radio Sessions". AllMusic. Retrieved December 8, 2017.
- ^ "Obscure Videos: '70s Specials". Broadway.com. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
- ^ Gershwin, Ira (1959). Lyrics on Several Occasions (First ed.). New York: Knopf. OCLC 538209.
Further reading
edit- Furia, Philip (1996). Ira Gershwin: The Art of the Lyricist (First ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-508299-0.
- Rosenberg, Deena Ruth (1991). Fascinating Rhythm: The Collaboration of George and Ira Gershwin. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-08469-2.