ZF 4HP transmission

(Redirected from ZF 4HP22)

The 4HP is a 4-speed Automatic transmission family with a hydrodynamic Torque converter with an electronic hydraulic control for passenger cars from ZF Friedrichshafen AG. In selector level position "P", the output is locked mechanically. The Simpson planetary gearset types were first introduced in 1980, the Ravigneaux planetary gearset types in 1984 and produced through 2003 in different versions and were used in a large number of vehicles.

4HP 20 · 4HP 22 · 4HP 24
4HP 14 · 4HP 16 · 4HP 18
Overview
ManufacturerZF Friedrichshafen
Production1980 – 2003
Model years1980 – 2003
Body and chassis
Class4-Speed Longitudinal and transverse Automatic Transmission
Chronology
PredecessorZF 3HP Transmission Family
SuccessorZF 5HP Transmission Family
Gear Ratios[a]
Gear
Model
R 1 2 3 4 Total
Span
Span
Center
Avg.
Step
Compo-
nents
4HP 22
Large Engines
−2.086 2.479 1.479 1.000 0.728 3.406 1.344 1.505 3 Gearsets
4 Brakes
3 Clutches
4HP 22
Small Engines
−2.086 2.733 1.562 1.000 0.728 3.754 1.411 1.554
4HP 14
1984
−2.828 2.412 1.369 1.000 0.739 3.265 1.335 1.483 2 Gearsets
2 Brakes
3 Clutches
4HP 18
1991
−2.882 2.579 1.407 1.000 0.742 3.474 1.384 1.514
  1. ^ Differences in gear ratios have a measurable, direct impact on vehicle dynamics, performance, waste emissions as well as fuel mileage

Specifications

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Nomenclature

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Position Value German Meaning
4HP 22FLE 4 Number of Gears
4HP 22FLE H Hydraulische
Kupplung
Hydraulic
Clutch
4HP 22FLE P Planeten-
radsätze
Planetary
Gearsets
4HP 22FLE Torque Class
4HP 22FLE F

H
Front-
motor
Heck-
motor
Front-Engine
Design

Rear-Engine
Design
4HP 22FLE L

Q
Längs-
motor
Quer-
motor
Longitudinal
Engine

Transverse
Engine
4HP 22FLE E

A
Elektronische
Steuerung
Allrad-
antrieb
Electronic
Control
Four-Wheel
Drive

1980: Simpson Planetary Gearset Types

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The 4HP 20 was introduced in 1995 and has been used in a variety of cars from Citroën, Lancia, Mercedes-Benz, Peugeot, and Renault.[1] The maximum torque capacity is 330 N⋅m (243 lb⋅ft).

The 4HP 22 was produced for vehicles with rear wheel drive or 4X4 layout. Introduced in 1980, it was produced through 2003, and has been used in a variety of cars from BMW, General Motors, Jaguar, Land Rover, Maserati, Peugeot, Porsche, and Volvo.

The 4HP 24 was introduced in 1987 and was used in a variety of cars from Audi, BMW, Jaguar, and Land Rover.

Gear Ratios
With Assessment Planetary Gearset: Teeth[a] Count Total[b]
Center[c]
Avg.[d]
Simpson Simple
Model
Type
Version
First Delivery
S1[e]
R1[f]
S2[g]
R2[h]
S3[i]
R3[j]
Brakes
Clutches
Ratio
Span
Gear
Step[k]
Gear
Ratio
R
 
1
 
2
 
3
 
4
 
Step[k]  [l]    [m]    
Δ Step[n][o]    
Shaft
Speed
         
Δ Shaft
Speed[p]
         
4HP 22
Large Engines
380 N⋅m (280 lb⋅ft)
1980
35
73
35
73
31
83
4
3
3.4055
1.3436
1.5045[k]
Gear
Ratio
−2.0857[l]
 
2.4795
 
1.4795[m]
 
1.0000
 
0.7281
 
Step 0.8412[l] 1.0000 1.6759[m] 1.4795 1.3735
Δ Step[n] 1.1328 1.0771
Speed -1.1888 1.0000 1.6759 2.4795 3.4055
Δ Speed 1.1888 1.0000 0.6759 0.8035 0.9261
4HP 22
Small Engines
220 N⋅m (162 lb⋅ft)
1980
35
73
41
73
31
83
4
3
3.7539
1.4106
1.5541[k]
Gear
Ratio
−2.0857[l]
 
2.7331
 
1.5616[m][o]
 
1.0000[k]
 
0.7281
 
Step 0.7631[l] 1.0000 1.7501[m] 1.5616[k] 1.3735
Δ Step[n] 1.1207[o] 1.1370
Speed -1.3104 1.0000 1.7501 2.7331 3.7539
Δ Speed 1.3104 1.0000 0.7501 0.9829 1.0208
Ratio          
Algebra And Actuated Shift Elements
Brake A[q]
Brake B[r]
Brake C[s]
Brake S[t]
Clutch E[u]
Clutch F[v]
Clutch S[w]
  1. ^ Layout
    • Input and output are on opposite sides
    • Planetary gearset 1 is on the input (turbine) side
    • Input shafts is, if actuated S1 or R2
    • Output shaft is R3
  2. ^ Total Ratio Span (Total Ratio Spread · Total Gear Ratio)
    •  
    • A wider span enables the
      • downspeeding when driving outside the city limits
      • increase the climbing ability
        • when driving over mountain passes or off-road
        • or when towing a trailer
  3. ^ Ratio Span's Center
    •  
    • The center indicates the speed level of the transmission
    • Together with the final drive ratio
    • it gives the shaft speed level of the vehicle
  4. ^ Average Gear Step
    •  
    • With decreasing step width
      • the gears connect better to each other
      • shifting comfort increases
  5. ^ Sun 1: sun gear of gearset 1
  6. ^ Ring 1: ring gear of gearset 1
  7. ^ Sun 2: sun gear of gearset 2
  8. ^ Ring 2: ring gear of gearset 2
  9. ^ Sun 3: sun gear of gearset 3
  10. ^ Ring 3: ring gear of gearset 3
  11. ^ a b c d e f Standard 50:50
    — 50 % Is Above And 50 % Is Below The Average Gear Step —
    • With steadily decreasing gear steps (yellow highlighted line Step)
    • and a particularly large step from 1st to 2nd gear
      • the lower half of the gear steps (between the small gears; rounded down, here the first 1) is always larger
      • and the upper half of the gear steps (between the large gears; rounded up, here the last 2) is always smaller
    • than the average gear step (cell highlighted yellow two rows above on the far right)
    • lower half: smaller gear steps are a waste of possible ratios (red bold)
    • upper half: larger gear steps are unsatisfactory (red bold)
  12. ^ a b c d e Standard R:1
    — Reverse And 1st Gear Have The Same Ratio —
    • The ideal reverse gear has the same transmission ratio as 1st gear
      • no impairment when maneuvering
      • especially when towing a trailer
      • a torque converter can only partially compensate for this deficiency
    • Plus 11.11 % minus 10 % compared to 1st gear is good
    • Plus 25 % minus 20 % is acceptable (red)
    • Above this is unsatisfactory (bold)
  13. ^ a b c d e Standard 1:2
    — Gear Step 1st To 2nd Gear As Small As Possible —
    • With continuously decreasing gear steps (yellow marked line Step)
    • the largest gear step is the one from 1st to 2nd gear, which
      • for a good speed connection and
      • a smooth gear shift
    • must be as small as possible
      • A gear ratio of up to 1.6667:1 (5:3) is good
      • Up to 1.7500:1 (7:4) is acceptable (red)
      • Above is unsatisfactory (bold)
  14. ^ a b c From large to small gears (from right to left)
  15. ^ a b c Standard STEP
    — From Large To Small Gears: Steady And Progressive Increase In Gear Steps —
    • Gear steps should
      • increase: Δ Step (first green highlighted line Δ Step) is always greater than 1
      • As progressive as possible: Δ Step is always greater than the previous step
    • Not progressively increasing is acceptable (red)
    • Not increasing is unsatisfactory (bold)
  16. ^ Standard SPEED
    — From Small To Large Gears: Steady Increase In Shaft Speed Difference —
    • Shaft speed differences should
      • increase: Δ Shaft Speed (second line marked in green Δ (Shaft) Speed) is always greater than the previous one
    • 1 difference smaller than the previous one is acceptable (red)
    • 2 consecutive ones are a waste of possible ratios (bold)
  17. ^ Blocks S1
  18. ^ Blocks C1 (the carrier of gearset 1)
  19. ^ Blocks S2
  20. ^ Blocks S3 (S: german "schnell" for fast)
  21. ^ Couples R2 with the turbine
  22. ^ Couples S1 with the turbine
  23. ^ Couples S3 with C3 (the carrier of gearset 3 · S: german "schnell" for fast)

1984: Ravigneaux Planetary Gearset Types

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The 4HP 14 was introduced in 1984 and produced through 2001 for Citroën, Peugeot, and Daewoo Front-wheel drive vehicles. The electronic-hydraulic control makes controlled power shifts and various shift programs possible.

The 4HP 16 is designed for use in vehicles with Front-wheel drive and a Transverse engine. The transmission is operated via selector lever and possibly also via switch. It has a controller slip Lock-up clutch.

The 4HP 18 is for both longitudinal and transverse installation. Introduced in 1987, and produced through 1998, it was used in a variety of cars from Alfa Romeo, Audi, Citroën, Dodge, Eagle, Fiat, Lancia, Porsche and Saab.

Gear Ratios
With Assessment Planetary Gearset:
Teeth[a]
Count Total[b]
Center[c]
Avg.[d]
Model
Type
Version
First Delivery
S1[e]
R1[f]
S2[g]
R2[h]
Brakes
Clutches
Ratio
Span
Gear
Step[i]
Gear
Ratio
R
 
1
 
2
 
3
 
4
 
Step[i]  [j]    [k]    
Δ Step[l][m]    
Shaft
Speed
         
Δ Shaft
Speed[n]
         
4HP 14 1984 34
29[o]
29
82
2
3
3.2647
1.3348
1.4835[i]
Gear
Ratio
−2.8276[j]
 
2.4118
 
1.3688[k]
 
1.0000[n]
 
0.7281
 
Step 1.1724[j] 1.0000 1.7619[k] 1.3688 1.3537
Δ Step[l] 1.2872 1.0112
Speed -0.8529 1.0000 1.7619 2.4118 3.2647
Δ Speed 0.8529 1.0000 0.7619 0.6499[n] 0.8526
4HP 18 FLE
1991
38
34[o]
34
98
2
3
3.4737
1.3837
1.5145[i]
Gear
Ratio
−2.8824[j]
 
2.5789
 
1.4067[k]
 
1.0000[n]
 
0.7281
 
Step 1.1176[j] 1.0000 1.8333[k] 1.4067 1.3469
Δ Step[l] 1.3033 1.0444
Speed -0.8947 1.0000 1.8333 2.5789 3.4737
Δ Speed 0.8947 1.0000 0.8333 0.7456[n] 0.8947
Ratio          
Algebra And Actuated Shift Elements
Brake A[p]
Brake B[q]
Clutch C[r]
Clutch D[s]
Clutch E[t]
  1. ^ Layout
    • Input and output are on opposite sides
    • Planetary gearset 2 (the outer Ravigneaux gearset) is on the input (turbine) side
    • Input shafts is, if actuated S1, R2 or C1 and C2 (the common Ravigneaux carrier 1 + 2)
    • Output shaft is R2 (the ring gear of the outer Ravigneaux gearset
  2. ^ Total Ratio Span (Total Ratio Spread · Total Gear Ratio)
    •  
    • A wider span enables the
      • downspeeding when driving outside the city limits
      • increase the climbing ability
        • when driving over mountain passes or off-road
        • or when towing a trailer
  3. ^ Ratio Span's Center
    •  
    • The center indicates the speed level of the transmission
    • Together with the final drive ratio
    • it gives the shaft speed level of the vehicle
  4. ^ Average Gear Step
    •  
    • With decreasing step width
      • the gears connect better to each other
      • shifting comfort increases
  5. ^ Sun 1: sun gear of gearset 1: inner Ravigneaux gearset
  6. ^ Ring 1: ring gear of gearset 1: inner Ravigneaux gearset
  7. ^ Sun 2: sun gear of gearset 2: outer Ravigneaux gearset
  8. ^ Ring 2: ring gear of gearset 2: outer Ravigneaux gearset
  9. ^ a b c d Standard 50:50
    — 50 % Is Above And 50 % Is Below The Average Gear Step —
    • With steadily decreasing gear steps (yellow highlighted line Step)
    • and a particularly large step from 1st to 2nd gear
      • the lower half of the gear steps (between the small gears; rounded down, here the first 1) is always larger
      • and the upper half of the gear steps (between the large gears; rounded up, here the last 2) is always smaller
    • than the average gear step (cell highlighted yellow two rows above on the far right)
    • lower half: smaller gear steps are a waste of possible ratios (red bold)
    • upper half: larger gear steps are unsatisfactory (red bold)
  10. ^ a b c d e Standard R:1
    — Reverse And 1st Gear Have The Same Ratio —
    • The ideal reverse gear has the same transmission ratio as 1st gear
      • no impairment when maneuvering
      • especially when towing a trailer
      • a torque converter can only partially compensate for this deficiency
    • Plus 11.11 % minus 10 % compared to 1st gear is good
    • Plus 25 % minus 20 % is acceptable (red)
    • Above this is unsatisfactory (bold)
  11. ^ a b c d e Standard 1:2
    — Gear Step 1st To 2nd Gear As Small As Possible —
    • With continuously decreasing gear steps (yellow marked line Step)
    • the largest gear step is the one from 1st to 2nd gear, which
      • for a good speed connection and
      • a smooth gear shift
    • must be as small as possible
      • A gear ratio of up to 1.6667:1 (5:3) is good
      • Up to 1.7500:1 (7:4) is acceptable (red)
      • Above is unsatisfactory (bold)
  12. ^ a b c From large to small gears (from right to left)
  13. ^ Standard STEP
    — From Large To Small Gears: Steady And Progressive Increase In Gear Steps —
    • Gear steps should
      • increase: Δ Step (first green highlighted line Δ Step) is always greater than 1
      • As progressive as possible: Δ Step is always greater than the previous step
    • Not progressively increasing is acceptable (red)
    • Not increasing is unsatisfactory (bold)
  14. ^ a b c d e Standard SPEED
    — From Small To Large Gears: Steady Increase In Shaft Speed Difference —
    • Shaft speed differences should
      • increase: Δ Shaft Speed (second line marked in green Δ (Shaft) Speed) is always greater than the previous one
    • 1 difference smaller than the previous one is acceptable (red)
    • 2 consecutive ones are a waste of possible ratios (bold)
  15. ^ a b inner and outer sun gears of the Ravigneaux planetary gearset are inverted
  16. ^ Blocks R1 (ring gear of the inner Ravigneaux gearset) and S2 (sun gear of the outer Ravigneaux gearset)
  17. ^ Blocks C1 and C2 (the common Ravigneaux carrier 1 + 2)
  18. ^ Couples S1 (sun gear of the inner Ravigneaux gearset) with the turbine
  19. ^ Couples S2 (sun gear of the outer Ravigneaux gearset) with the turbine
  20. ^ Couples C1 and C2 (the common Ravigneaux carrier 1 + 2) with the turbine

Applications

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1980: Simpson Planetary Gearset Types

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4HP 20

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Front-engine design · Transverse engine · Front-wheel drive configuration[1]

4HP 22

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Longitudinal engine design · Rear-wheel drive configuration[1]

  • BMW
    • E30
      • 1984–1988 316 M10/B18
      • 1987–1988 316i M10/B18
      • 1988–1994 316i M40/B16
      • 1984–1987 318i M10/B18
      • 1987–1994 318i M40/B18
      • 1982–1993 320i M20/B20
      • 1982–1986 323i M20/B23
      • 1985–1990 324d M21/D24
      • 1987–1990 324td M21/D24
      • 1983–1988 325e M20/B27:[2] Type A
      • 1985–1993 325i M20/B25:[2] Type A
      • 1986–1992 325ix M20/B25:[2] Type A
    • E28
      • 1981–1987 518i M10/B18:[3] Type B
      • 1981–1987 520i M20/B20:[3] Type B
      • 1986–1988 524d M21/D24:[3] Type B
      • 1983–1987 524td M21/D24:[3] Type B
      • 1983–1988 525e M20/B27:[3] Type A
      • 1981–1987 525i M30/B25:[3] Type A
      • 1981–1987 528e M20/B27
      • 1981–1987 528i M30/B28:[3] Type A
      • 1983–1984 533i M30/B32
      • 1984–1988 535i M30/B34:[3] Type A
    • E24
      • 1983–1989 633CSi M30/B32
      • 1983–1987 635CSi M30/B34
    • E23
      • 1983–1984 733i M30/B32
      • 1984–1987 735i M30/B34:[4] Type A
      • 1984–1987 745i (South African version) M88/3:[5] Type A
    • E34
      • 1988–1992 520i M20/B20: Type A
      • 1988–1992 524td M21/D24:[6] Type B
      • 1988–1990 525i M20/B25: Type A
      • 1988–1992 530i M30/B30: Type A
      • 1988–1993 535i M30/B35:[6] Type A
    • E32
      • 1986–1994 730i M30/B30:[7] Type A
      • 1986–1992 735i M30/B35:[7] Type A
      • 1986–1992 735iL M30/B35:[7] Type A
  • Chevrolet
  • Jaguar
    • XJ40
      • 1987–1993 3.6
    • X300
      • 1994–1997 3.2
    • XJS
      • 1987–1991 3.6
  • Land Rover
  • Lincoln
  • Lotus
    • Lotus Excel
      • Excel SA 1986 –1991 Twin Cam 4 Cyl Lotus 2.2 L 180 bhp
  • Maserati
  • Peugeot
  • Volvo
    • 740
      • 1984–1985 GL, GLE 2.3 (non turbo) B230F:[15] Type B
      • 1986–after GL, GLE 2.3 (non turbo) B230F:[16] Type A
      • 1984–1987 2.4 L Turbo-Diesel D24T[17]
    • 760
      • 1986–1991 2.3 L
      • 1985–1989 2.3 Turbo B230ET
      • 1983–1989 GLE 2.4 Turbo-Diesel D24T/D24TIC[18]
    • 940
      • 1990–1994 2.3 (non turbo, Europe & Australia) B230FB
      • 1990–1998 2.4 L Turbo-Diesel D24TIC

4HP 22EH

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Longitudinal engine design · Four-wheel drive configuration[1]

4HP 22HL

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Rear-engine design · Longitudinal engine orientation · Rear-wheel drive configuration[1]

4HP 24

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Longitudinal engine design · Rear-wheel drive configuration[1]

4HP 24A

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Longitudinal engine design · Four-wheel drive version[1]

1984: Ravigneaux Planetary Gearset Types

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4HP 14

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Front-engine design

4HP 16

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Suzuki Reno 2004-2008 2.0L 4L Suzuki Forenza 2004-2008 2.0L 4L Suzuki Verona 2004-2006 2.0L 4L

4HP 18FL

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Front-engine design · Longitudinal engine[1][21]

4HP 18FLA · Audi Quattro 4x4

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Front-engine design · longitudinal engine · quattro Four-wheel drive[1]

4HP 18FLE · Audi FWD

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Front-engine design · Longitudinal engine · (non-quattro)[1][22]

4HP 18Q

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Front-engine design · Transverse engine · Front-wheel drive[1]

4HP 18QE

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Front-engine design · Transverse engine · Front-wheel drive[1]

4HP 18EH

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Front-engine design · Transverse engine · Front-wheel drive[1]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "ZF North America Application Chart (automatic)" (PDF). ZF-Group.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 January 2006. Retrieved 11 February 2006.
  2. ^ a b c "BMW E30 3 Series Specifications".
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h "BMW E28 Specifications".
  4. ^ "BMW E23 735i user manual, PDF p. 125" (PDF).
  5. ^ "South African version BMW E23 745i user manual, PDF p. 117" (PDF).
  6. ^ a b "BMW E34 user manual, 1989, p. 111". Archived from the original on June 29, 2013.
  7. ^ a b c "BMW E32 user manual, PDF p. 51" (PDF).
  8. ^ a b "Chevrolet Opala Specifications".
  9. ^ a b "Chevrolet Opala Original table of gear ratios". Archived from the original on May 8, 2014.
  10. ^ a b c A. K. Legg, Peugeot 505 Owners Workshop Manual, Haynes Publishing Group, 1989, ISBN 0-85696-762-9, p. 132
  11. ^ a b c Octavio Trentini, Reparación y ajuste de automoviles Peugeot 505, Cosmopolita publisher, 1995, ISBN 950-9069-69-8, p. 148, 149
  12. ^ a b c d e Peugeot 505 User manual, Peugeot, 1987, Paris, p. 146, 147
  13. ^ Peugeot 505 User manual, Peugeot, 1987, Madrid, p. 109
  14. ^ Peugeot 505 User manual, Peugeot, 1987, Madrid, p. 131
  15. ^ Volvo 740 User manual, 1985
  16. ^ "Volvo 740 User manual, 1986, PDF p. 126, 127" (PDF).
  17. ^ Volvo 240-740-760 Essence, Diesel (in French). France: Revue Technique Automobile. pp. 5–6. ISBN 978-2726847947.
  18. ^ "Volvo 760 GLE user manual, 1984, PDF p. 110" (PDF).
  19. ^ "Peugeot 309 1987 Automatic brochure". Peugeot.
  20. ^ "Vraagbaak Volvo 440/460/480 Benzinemodellen" by P.H. Olving, April 2011, ISBN 9789021534091
  21. ^ Transmissions Parts catalogue : https://global-uploads.webflow.com/5d4ad27f935075baaeb45f60/5fb67c61d98f56954b343a33_2020.11.18%20APC%20Catalog%20without%20images.pdf
  22. ^ 4HP18 FLA Transmission filter : https://www.allomatic.com/transmission-filters/515426
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