Żerków ([ˈʐɛrkuf]) is a town in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland, with 2,122 inhabitants (2010).[1] It is located 53 kilometres (33 mi) east of the regional capital of Poznań.
Żerków | |
|---|---|
 Church of Saint Stanislaus | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Żerków | |
| Coordinates: 52°4′N 17°34′E / 52.067°N 17.567°E | |
| Country |  Poland |
| Voivodeship | Greater Poland |
| County | Jarocin |
| Gmina | Żerków |
| First mentioned | 1257 |
| Town rights | 1283 or earlier |
| Area | |
• Total | 2.03 km2 (0.78 sq mi) |
| Population (2010)[1] | |
• Total | 2,122 |
| • Density | 1,000/km2 (2,700/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 63-210 |
| Vehicle registration | PJA |
| Climate | Dfb |
| Website | http://www.zerkow.pl |
The town is near the Żerków-Czeszewo Landscape Park.
History
edit
The oldest known mention of Żerków comes from a document of Duke Bolesław the Pious from 1257, and in a document of Duke and future King of Poland Przemysł II from 1283 it was already referred to as a town. Żerków was a private town of Polish nobility, administratively located in the Pyzdry County in the Kalisz Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province.[2] In 1574, the newly elected King Henry of Valois stopped in Żerków before his royal coronation in Kraków. In 1623 the town was visited by King Sigismund III Vasa and prince royal (and future king) Władysław IV Vasa.[3]
The Radomicki noble family erected the Baroque Church of Saint Stanislaus, which is the town's greatest historic landmark.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1905 | 1,631 | — |
| 1921 | 1,549 | −5.0% |
| 1931 | 1,569 | +1.3% |
| 2010 | 2,122 | +35.2% |
| Source: [4][5][1] | ||
Following the Second Partition of Poland Żerków became a part of Prussia. After the successful Greater Poland uprising of 1806, it was regained by Poles and included within the short-lived Duchy of Warsaw. It was re-annexed by Prussia in 1815, and from 1815 until 1920 it was a part of the Province of Posen. As a consequence of the Treaty of Versailles, the town became a part of the newly founded Second Polish Republic.[6]
After the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II, it was occupied by Germany in 1939. All residents of Jewish origin were expelled from the town soon after the arrival of the Germans. Żerków was used by the Germans as a resort spot for soldiers. In the years 1941–44 the Jewish cemetery was destroyed and its tombstones used as construction material.[7] In 1943, the Germans renamed the town Bergstadt to erase traces of Polish origin. In 1945, the German occupation ended and the historic name was restored.[8]
In 1962 a telecommunication tower of reinforced concrete similar to that at Piątkowo, Poznań was built.
Sports
editThe local football team is GKS Żerków.[9] It competes in the lower leagues.
People
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c Stan i struktura ludności oraz ruch naturalny w przekroju terytorialnym w 2010 r. (PDF) (in Polish). Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. 2011. p. 102. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2011.
- ^ Atlas historyczny Polski. Wielkopolska w drugiej połowie XVI wieku. Część I. Mapy, plany (in Polish). Warszawa: Instytut Historii Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 2017. p. 1b.
- ^ D. Flisiak, JAKOB STEINHARDT (1887-1968) Życie i działalność, CHRZAN 2022, s. 27.
- ^ Otto Dalchow: Die Städte des Warthelandes. Ein Beitrag zur Siedlungskunde und zur Landeskunde der Provinz Posen. Noske, Borna / Leipzig 1910, S. 122.
- ^ Wiadomości Statystyczne Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego (in Polish). Vol. X. Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. 1932. p. 202.
- ^ D. Flisiak, JAKOB STEINHARDT (1887-1968) Życie i działalność, CHRZAN 2022, s. 28.
- ^ "Zabytki kultury żydowskiej na Ziemi Jarocińskiej | Forum Żydów Polskich". Archived from the original on 2012-10-06.
- ^ D. Flisiak, JAKOB STEINHARDT (1887-1968) Życie i działalność, CHRZAN 2022, s.28-29
- ^ "GKS Żerków – strona klubu" [GKS Żerków – club page] (in Polish). Retrieved 26 December 2020.
Further reading
edit- Łukaszewicz, Maksymilian (1891). "Strażnica Ostrów i miasto Żerków" [Ostrów Watchtower and the Town of Żerków] (in Polish). Poznań.