Émile Gravelle (1855–1920)[1] was a French individualist anarchist and naturist activist, writer and painter.[2][3] He published the review L'État Naturel (1894–1898) and collaborated with Henri Zisly and Henri Beylie on La Nouvelle Humanité, Le Naturien (1898), Le Sauvage (1898–1899), L'Ordre Naturel (1905), and La Vie Naturelle (1907–1914).[4] His ideas were important in individualist anarchist circles in France as well as Spain, where Federico Urales (pseudonym of Joan Montseny) promoted the ideas of Gravelle and Zisly in La Revista Blanca (1898–1905).[1]
References
edit- ^ a b "Los origenes del naturismo libertario" por Agustín Morán
- ^ Etudes Jean-Jacques Rousseau Musée Jean-Jacques Rousseau - 1996 Le fondateur du Naturianisme est Émile Gravelle. Né en 1855 à Douai, il a quarante ans quand il crée ce mouvement. Il est alors artiste- peintre et dessinateur, et il a décidé de consacrer son art à la cause anarchiste."
- ^ "L@s Naturistas, precursores del Ecologismo" by Dominique Petit
- ^ The daily bleed
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