This article needs additional citations for verification. (September 2014) |
The People First Party (PFP, Chinese: 親民黨; pinyin: Qīnmín Dǎng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chhin-bîn-tóng) is a centrist or centre-right political party in Taiwan.
People First Party 親民黨 | |
|---|---|
| Leader | James Soong |
| Founded | 31 March 2000 |
| Split from | Kuomintang |
| Headquarters | Taipei, Taiwan |
| Ideology | Liberal conservatism |
| Political position | Centre to centre-right |
| National affiliation | Pan-Blue Coalition |
| Colors | Orange |
| Legislative Yuan | 0 / 113 |
| Municipal mayors | 0 / 6 |
| Magistrates/mayors | 0 / 16 |
| Councilors | 2 / 912 |
| Township/city mayors | 0 / 204 |
| Party flag | |
 | |
| Website | |
| www | |
| People First Party | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 親民黨 | ||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 亲民党 | ||||||||||||||||
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The party was founded by James Soong in March 2000 after his failed independent presidential bid earlier in the January 2000 presidential election; Soong was previously expelled from the Kuomintang after launching an independent bid. In the 2001 legislative election, it became the third-largest party in the Legislative Yuan. In the 2004 presidential election, the KMT-PFP joint ticket of Lien Chan and James Soong narrowly lost to President Chen Shui-bian. In the 2008 legislative election, the party lost all but one of its seats, though it rebounded to three seats in the 2012 legislative election.
Soong ran again in the 2012 and 2016 presidential elections, gathering 2.77% and 12.84% of the vote respectively. In 2020, Soong announced his last presidential bid; he lost the election with a vote share of 4.26%. In the concurrent 2020 legislative election, the PFP lost all of its seats in the Legislative Yuan.
History
editThis section needs additional citations for verification. (November 2016) |
The PFP was founded by James Soong and his supporters after his failed independent bid for the presidency in 2000. Soong was previously a member of the Kuomintang but was expelled from the party after he announced an independent presidential bid. Soong himself is the chairman, and dominates much of its politics. The name of the party, People First (親民), has Confucian connotations.[note 1]
The party maintains a close but tense relationship with the Kuomintang (KMT) as part of the pan-blue coalition.[1] However, since PFP had, like the New Party, grown out of the KMT, the two parties had to compete for the same set of voters. This dynamic in which both the KMT and PFP must simultaneously compete and cooperate with each other has led to complex and interesting politics.
In several notable cases, this has led to situations in which both parties have run candidates, but close to the election the party with the less popular candidate unofficially dropped out of the race. This in turn has led to some notable situations when either the PFP or the KMT has campaigned against its own candidate, which has led to intra-party resentment.[2]
To avoid a repeat of this effect, which led to the election of Democratic Progressive Party candidate Chen Shui-bian to the presidency in 2000 by a low share of votes,[3] Chairman Soong ran as vice-president on KMT Chairman Lien Chan's presidential ticket in the 2004 presidential election.[4]
After his defeat in the Taipei mayoral elections held on 9 December 2006, Soong announced that he would retire from politics.[5] At this point, with no clear goals, the PFP faced an uncertain future, and considered merging with the Kuomintang (KMT).[6] After much negotiation, the PFP and the KMT did not merge.
Presidential bids
editIn September 2011, James Soong mounted the PFP's first presidential bid and selected academic Ruey-Shiung Lin to be his running mate for the 2012 election, collecting enough signatures to make it on the ballot.[7] While analysts feared that a PFP run would split the Pan-Blue Coalition vote and hand a winnable election to the DPP (as was the case in the 2000 Presidential election), Soong insisted that his campaign was a serious one and that he would complete his run.[8][9] On election day, the Soong-Lin ticket underperformed and garnered 2.77% of votes, while Ma Ying-jeou of the KMT defeated Tsai Ing-wen of the DPP by a margin of 51.60% to 45.63%. In the concurrent legislative election the PFP won 5.46% of the party-list vote, gaining them two seats in the Legislative Yuan, and in addition won one district seat for a total of three seats.
Soong would launch presidential bids in 2016 and 2020 as well. In 2016, he would garner 12.84% of the vote, compared with 31.04% going to Eric Chu of the KMT and 56.12% going to Tsai Ing-wen of the DPP. In 2020 he would garner 4.26% of the vote, compared with 38.61% going to Han Kuo-yu of the KMT and 57.13% going to Tsai Ing-wen of the DPP. In 2016, they would maintain their seats in the legislature; however, in 2020, the PFP failed to meet the 5% threshold for party-list representation and also did not win any district seats, and was no longer represented in the Legislative Yuan. Prior to the election result in 2020, James Soong announced that his 2020 bid would be his last, throwing the future of the party into question.[10]
Political positions
editThe People First Party is considered to be to be a centrist[11] or centre-right political party.[12]
The official goals of PFP, as regards to cross-strait relationships and diplomacy, is for the ROC to: participate in more international organizations, promote Chinese culture overseas and seek economic and cultural interaction between Taiwan and the mainland. Its views are seen as generally favorable towards Chinese unification and staunchly against Taiwan independence.
Election results
editPresidential elections
edit| Election | Candidate | Running mate | Total votes | Share of votes | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | James Soong Chu-yu[13] | Chang Chau-hsiung | 4,664,932 | 36.8% | Defeated 
|
| 2004 | Lien Chan ( KMT)
|
James Soong Chu-yu | 6,423,906 | 49.8% | Defeated
|
| 2012 | James Soong Chu-yu | Lin Ruey-shiung | 369,588 | 2.77% | Defeated
|
| 2016 | James Soong Chu-yu | Hsu Hsin-ying ( MKT)
|
1,576,861 | 12.84% | Defeated
|
| 2020 | James Soong Chu-yu | Sandra Yu | 608,590 | 4.26% | Defeated
|
Legislative elections
edit| Election | Total seats won | Total votes | Share of votes | Seat changes | Election leader | Status | President |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 46 / 225
|
1,917,836 | 20.3% |  29 seats
|
James Soong Chu-yu | 3rd Party | Chen Shui-bian |
| 2004 | 34 / 225
|
1,350,613 | 14.78% |  12 seats
|
James Soong Chu-yu | 3rd Party | |
| 2008 | 1 / 113
|
28,254 | 0.3% | 33 seats
|
James Soong Chu-yu | 4th Party | |
| 4th Party | Ma Ying-jeou | ||||||
| 2012 | 3 / 113
|
722,089 | 5.49% | 2 seats
|
James Soong Chu-yu | 4th Party | |
| 2016 | 3 / 113
|
794,838 | 6.52% |  0 seats
|
James Soong Chu-yu | 4th Party | Tsai Ing-wen |
| 2020 | 0 / 113
|
518,921 | 3.66% | 3 seats
|
James Soong Chu-yu | Did not represent | |
| 2024 | 0 / 113
|
69,817 | 0.51% | 0 seats
|
James Soong Chu-yu | Did not represent | Lai Ching-te |
Local elections
edit| Election | Mayors & Magistrates |
Councils | Third-level Municipal heads |
Third-level Municipal councils |
Fourth-level Village heads |
Election Leader |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001-2002 | 1 / 23
|
49 / 897
|
4 / 319
|
— | — | James Soong Chu-yu |
| 2002 municipalities only |
0 / 2
|
15 / 96
|
— | — | — | James Soong Chu-yu |
| 2005 | 1 / 23
|
31 / 901
|
3 / 319
|
— | — | James Soong Chu-yu |
| 2006 municipalities only |
0 / 2
|
6 / 96
|
— | — | — | James Soong Chu-yu |
| 2009 | 0 / 17
|
1 / 587
|
0 / 211
|
— | — | James Soong Chu-yu |
| 2010 municipalities only |
0 / 5
|
4 / 314
|
— | — | 0 / 3,757
|
James Soong Chu-yu |
| 2014 unified |
0 / 22
|
9 / 906
|
0 / 204
|
0 / 2,137
|
1 / 7,836
|
James Soong Chu-yu |
| 2018 unified |
0 / 22
|
8 / 912
|
0 / 204
|
0 / 2,148
|
1 / 7,744
|
James Soong Chu-yu |
| 2022 unified |
0 / 22
|
2 / 910
|
0 / 204
|
0 / 2,139
|
0 / 7,748
|
James Soong Chu-yu |
National Assembly elections
edit| Election | Total seats won | Total votes | Share of votes | Changes | Election leader | Status | President |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 | 18 / 300
|
236,716 | 6.11% | 18 seats
|
James Soong Chu-yu | 4th Party | Chen Shui-bian |
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ 親民 literally means "to be close to the people." The Great Learning states, "What the Great Learning teaches, is—to illustrate illustrious virtue; to renovate the people; and to rest in the highest excellence" (Tr. Legge, 大學之道明明德，在親民，在止於至善。)
References
edit- ^ "On the brink". The Economist. 6 December 2001. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
- ^ Hong, Caroline (11 November 2004). "Pan-blue tensions rising over election coordination". Taipei Times. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
- ^ Suh, Sangwon (31 March 2000). "Seismic Changes". CNN. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
- ^ Huang, Sandy (15 February 2003). "Lien-Soong ticket a done deal -- almost". Taipei Times. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
- ^ "Taiwan's James Soong: the perennial candidate ... and loser". South China Morning Post. 16 January 2016. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
- ^ "Taiwan's troubled politics". The Economist. 11 December 2006. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
- ^ "James Soong announces Taiwan presidential bid". Retrieved 16 January 2016.
- ^ Malcolm Cook. "Déjà vu in Taiwan?". Retrieved 16 January 2016.
- ^ "Asia Times Online :: China News, China Business News, Taiwan and Hong KongNews and Business". Archived from the original on 3 October 2011. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ Baron, James. "James Soong: The End of an (Authoritarian) Era in Taiwan". The Diplomat. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
- ^ Gertz, Bill (9 January 2020). "China's crackdown in Hong Kong upends Taiwan election". The Washington Times. Retrieved 23 January 2020.
- ^ Chang, Cindy; Do, Anh (10 January 2020). "L.A.-area residents flock to Taiwan to vote in 'do or die' presidential election". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 23 January 2020.
- ^ ran as independent, expelled from Kuomintang in 1999.
External links
edit