Events from the 1670s in Canada.
Events
edit- 2 May 1670: Charles II (England) charters Hudson's Bay Company in London. Underwritten by a group of English merchants, HBC is granted trade rights over Rupert's Land—i.e., all territory draining into Hudson Bay. No treaties or compensation to the First Nations there (mostly Ojibwe, Cree peoples) until the late 19th and early 20th centuries; no treaties ever made on large expanse east of Bay.[1][2][3]
- 1671-84: HBC Forts at mouths of Bay rivers: Moose 1671; Severn 1680; Albany 1683; York, finally on Hayes.[4]
- June 14, 1671 - At Sault Ste. Marie, four Jesuit priests led by Father Claude-Jean Allouez representing the Roman Catholic Church, and Simon Francois Daumont, Sieur de St. Lusson held aloft a sword and a symbolic tuft of sod, and declared to the indigenous First Nations peoples that all of the Great Lakes country was henceforth a possession of King Louis XIV of France.[5]
- 1672: Colonial postal officials employ Aboriginal couriers to carry mail between New York City and Albany; winter weather is too severe for white couriers.[6]
- 1672: Comte de Frontenac becomes governor general of New France, later quarrelling frequently with the intendant and the bishop.[7][8]
- 1673: The explorations of Louis Jolliet and Father Jacques Marquette lead to the discovery of the Mississippi River.[9][10][11]
- 1674: Laval becomes the first bishop of Quebec.[12][13][14]
- 1675-76: Bacon's Rebellion—Third major war between Virginia settlers and Virginia and Maryland Native Americans. Bacon's army kills and enslaves Susquehannock, Occaneechi, Appomatuck, Manakin, members of Powhattan Confederacy. Bacon leads brief rebellion against English Crown authority when his English military murderer commission is rescinded because of excessive brutalities.[15]
- 1675-76: Metacom's (King Philip's) War against the New England Confederation of colonies - Wampanoag, later joined by Abenaki, Nipmucs and Narragansetts. Mohawks stay neutral; Mohegans, Pequots, Niantics, and Massachusetts tribes back the English. Metacom loses. English government executes Metacom in 1676, nails body parts to town hall, sells wife, children, followers to plantation slavery.[16]
- 1675: The population of New France is almost 8,000.[17][18][19]
- 1676: West Country merchants attempt to enforce restrictions on settlement in Newfoundland.[20][21][22]
- 1678: Louis Hennepin is the first European to see Niagara Falls.[23][24][25]
- 1678-79: Daniel Greysolon Duluth of France explores Great Lakes and negotiates treaties between the warring Ojibwa and Sioux.[26][27]
Births
editSee also
edit
References
edit- ^ "HBC Heritage — The Royal Charter". www.hbcheritage.ca. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
- ^ "King Charles II grants charter to Hudson's Bay Company". HISTORY. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
- ^ "Hudson's Bay Company Formed". History on this day. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
- ^ "Historic Forts and Trading Posts of the French regime and of the English Fur Trading Companies". www.enhaut.ca. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
- ^ . The American Cyclopædia. Vol. I. 1879.
- ^ White, Phillip M. (30 August 2006). American Indian Chronology: Chronologies of the American Mosaic: Chronologies of the American Mosaic. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-08155-2.
- ^ "Early Canada Historical Narratives --LOUIS DE BUADE, COMTE FRONTENAC". www.uppercanadahistory.ca. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ Belton, Robert James (2001). Sights of Resistance: Approaches to Canadian Visual Culture. University of Calgary Press. ISBN 978-1-55238-011-6.
- ^ "Expedition of Marquette and Joliet, 1673". Wisconsin Historical Society. 3 August 2012. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ Janik, Erika (16 May 2016). "Remembering The Mississippi Voyage Of Marquette And Joliet". Wisconsin Public Radio. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ "Jacques Marquette 1673 | Virtual Museum of New France". Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ "Bishop Laval". www.mainewriter.com. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ "Laval, Bishop François de Montmorency National Historic Person". www.pc.gc.ca. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ Heinlein, Michael R. (10 March 2021). "St. François-Xavier de Montmorency-Laval: America's Missionary Bishop | Simply Catholic". Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ Cave, Alfred A. (2011). Lethal Encounters: Englishmen and Indians in Colonial Virginia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 148–161. ISBN 978-0-313-39335-8.
- ^ Faludi, Susan (7 September 2007). "Opinion | America's Guardian Myths". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
- ^ "Censuses of Canada 1665 to 1871: Early French settlements (1605 to 1691)". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
- ^ HICKEY, DANIEL (1994). "New France: Historiographical Structures and Themes". Acadiensis. 24 (1): 107–118. ISSN 0044-5851. JSTOR 30302921.
- ^ Landry, Yves (1993). "Fertility in France and New France: The Distinguishing Characteristics of Canadian Behavior in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries". Social Science History. 17 (4): 577–592. doi:10.1017/S0145553200016928. ISSN 0145-5532. S2CID 147651557.
- ^ TAVENOR, JOSHUA (2018). "Weighing the Evidence: Restoration Policymaking and the 1675 Order to Evict Newfoundland's English Residents". Acadiensis. 47 (1): 41–61. ISSN 0044-5851. JSTOR 44784424.
- ^ "Colonization and Settlement: 1600-1830". www2.grenfell.mun.ca. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
- ^ "Voluntary Settlement: The Peopling of Newfoundland to 1820". www.heritage.nf.ca. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
- ^ "History of Niagara Falls | Niagara Falls State Park". www.niagarafallsstatepark.com. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
- ^ "Louis Hennepin 1678-1680 | Virtual Museum of New France". Retrieved 29 January 2023.
- ^ "The First People to See the Falls Historical Marker". www.hmdb.org. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
- ^ "Daniel Greysolon Dulhut 1678-1679 | Virtual Museum of New France". Retrieved 29 January 2023.
- ^ "Daniel Greysolon forged peace with native peoples, expanded French reach in Minnesota". MinnPost. 30 April 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
- ^ "Biography – RAUDOT, JACQUES – Volume II (1701-1740) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography". www.biographi.ca. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
External links
edit
Media related to Canada in the 1670s at Wikimedia Commons