1888 United States presidential election in Georgia

The 1888 United States presidential election in Georgia took place on November 6, 1888, as part of the wider United States presidential election. Voters chose 12 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

1888 United States presidential election in Georgia

← 1884 November 6, 1888 (1888-11-06) 1892 →
 
Nominee Grover Cleveland Benjamin Harrison
Party Democratic Republican
Home state New York Indiana
Running mate Allen G. Thurman Levi P. Morton
Electoral vote 12 0
Popular vote 100,493 40,499
Percentage 70.31% 28.33%

County Results

President before election

Grover Cleveland
Democratic

Elected President

Benjamin Harrison
Republican

Following Reconstruction, Georgia would be the first former Confederate state to substantially disenfranchise its newly enfranchised freedmen and many poor whites, doing so in the early 1870s.[1] This largely limited the Republican Party to a few North Georgia counties with substantial Civil War Unionist sentiment – chiefly Fannin but also to a lesser extent Pickens, Gilmer and Towns[2] – and in presidential elections to a small number of counties where blacks were not fully disenfranchised. The Democratic Party served as the guardian of white supremacy against a Republican Party historically associated with memories of Reconstruction, and the main competition became Democratic primaries, which were restricted to whites on the grounds of the Democratic Party being legally a private club.[3] This restriction was done by local county laws, but combined with the highly efficacious cumulative poll tax introduced in 1877 meant that turnout declined steadily throughout the 1880s,[4] unlike any other former Confederate state except South Carolina.

Despite economic problems in the mountain counties due to deflation produced by the gold standard and large-scale government spending reductions by the “Redeemer” Democrats,[5] voter turnout, especially for opposition parties, would maintain its poll tax-driven decline until the Populist movement, which did not affect the 1888 election. Consequently, Cleveland would gain five percent on his 1884 percentage in Georgia as opposition turnout fell by one-seventh.

Results

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1888 United States presidential election in Georgia[6]
Party Candidate Votes Percentage Electoral votes
Democratic Grover Cleveland (incumbent) 100,493 70.31% 12
Republican Benjamin Harrison 40,499 28.33% 0
Prohibition Clinton Fisk 1,808 1.26% 0
Union Labor Alson Streeter 136[a] 0.10% 0

Results by county

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County Stephen Grover Cleveland[7]
Democratic
Benjamin Harrison[7]
Republican
Clinton Bowen Fisk[8]
Prohibition
Margin Total votes cast
# % # % # % # %
Appling 531 70.33% 219 29.01% 5 0.66% 312 41.32% 755
Baker 346 88.95% 43 11.05% 0 0.00% 303 77.89% 389
Baldwin 403 59.18% 271 39.79% 7 1.03% 132 19.38% 681
Banks 807 78.27% 210 20.37% 14 1.36% 597 57.90% 1,031
Bartow 916 71.01% 290 22.48% 84 6.51% 626 48.53% 1,290
Berrien 721 97.96% 11 1.49% 4 0.54% 710 96.47% 736
Bibb 2,215 64.11% 1,121 32.45% 119 3.44% 1,094 31.66% 3,455
Brooks 828 58.27% 580 40.82% 13 0.91% 248 17.45% 1,421
Bryan 214 94.27% 12 5.29% 1 0.44% 202 88.99% 227
Bulloch 1,061 96.02% 42 3.80% 2 0.18% 1,019 92.22% 1,105
Burke 684 73.39% 248 26.61% 0 0.00% 436 46.78% 932
Butts 603 68.91% 245 28.00% 27 3.09% 358 40.91% 875
Calhoun 451 100.00% 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 451 100.00% 451
Camden 188 36.86% 317 62.16% 5 0.98% -129 -25.29% 510
Campbell 778 70.73% 321 29.18% 1 0.09% 457 41.55% 1,100
Carroll 1,710 80.89% 349 16.51% 55 2.60% 1,361 64.38% 2,114
Catoosa 428 77.12% 106 19.10% 21 3.78% 322 58.02% 555
Charlton 113 65.32% 58 33.53% 2 1.16% 55 31.79% 173
Chatham 3,920 73.52% 1,355 25.41% 57 1.07% 2,565 48.11% 5,332
Chattahoochee 145 86.83% 22 13.17% 0 0.00% 123 73.65% 167
Chattooga 638 77.80% 180 21.95% 2 0.24% 458 55.85% 820
Cherokee 1,575 76.72% 459 22.36% 19 0.93% 1,116 54.36% 2,053
Clarke 801 54.60% 660 44.99% 6 0.41% 141 9.61% 1,467
Clay 554 65.80% 287 34.09% 1 0.12% 267 31.71% 842
Clayton 604 72.95% 224 27.05% 0 0.00% 380 45.89% 828
Clinch 435 78.52% 115 20.76% 4 0.72% 320 57.76% 554
Cobb 1,143 73.18% 391 25.03% 28 1.79% 752 48.14% 1,562
Coffee 294 72.06% 110 26.96% 4 0.98% 184 45.10% 408
Colquitt 255 97.70% 4 1.53% 2 0.77% 251 96.17% 261
Columbia 397 98.51% 0 0.00% 6 1.49% 391[b] 97.02% 403
Coweta 1,476 59.71% 990 40.05% 6 0.24% 486 19.66% 2,472
Crawford 442 94.24% 26 5.54% 1 0.21% 416 88.70% 469
Dade 465 83.48% 89 15.98% 3 0.54% 376 67.50% 557
Dawson 513 59.38% 340 39.35% 11 1.27% 173 20.02% 864
DeKalb 1,021 75.80% 313 23.24% 13 0.97% 708 52.56% 1,347
Decatur 1,287 72.75% 482 27.25% 0 0.00% 805 45.51% 1,769
Dodge 496 54.27% 406 44.42% 12 1.31% 90 9.85% 914
Dooly 787 67.04% 386 32.88% 1 0.09% 401 34.16% 1,174
Dougherty 815 78.21% 222 21.31% 5 0.48% 593 56.91% 1,042
Douglas 493 76.08% 151 23.30% 4 0.62% 342 52.78% 648
Early 467 61.85% 288 38.15% 0 0.00% 179 23.71% 755
Echols 150 75.76% 43 21.72% 5 2.53% 107 54.04% 198
Effingham 362 64.07% 189 33.45% 14 2.48% 173 30.62% 565
Elbert 774 95.67% 11 1.36% 24 2.97% 750[b] 92.71% 809
Emanuel 658 95.50% 30 4.35% 1 0.15% 628 91.15% 689
Fannin 374 34.89% 692 64.55% 6 0.56% -318 -29.66% 1,072
Fayette 690 77.09% 204 22.79% 1 0.11% 486 54.30% 895
Floyd 1,145 65.50% 585 33.47% 18 1.03% 560 32.04% 1,748
Forsyth 1,579 87.72% 209 11.61% 12 0.67% 1,370 76.11% 1,800
Franklin 606 79.84% 121 15.94% 32 4.22% 485 63.90% 759
Fulton 2,750 53.43% 2,164 42.04% 233 4.53% 586 11.39% 5,147
Gilmer 556 49.60% 543 48.44% 22 1.96% 13 1.16% 1,121
Glascock 290 86.57% 45 13.43% 0 0.00% 245 73.13% 335
Glynn 601 49.59% 582 48.02% 29 2.39% 19 1.57% 1,212
Gordon 852 84.61% 119 11.82% 36 3.57% 733 72.79% 1,007
Greene 803 52.38% 714 46.58% 16 1.04% 89 5.81% 1,533
Gwinnett 2,004 90.56% 186 8.40% 23 1.04% 1,818 82.15% 2,213
Habersham 830 80.82% 188 18.31% 9 0.88% 642 62.51% 1,027
Hall 2,170 87.29% 274 11.02% 42 1.69% 1,896 76.27% 2,486
Hancock 596 77.00% 177 22.87% 1 0.13% 419 54.13% 774
Haralson 493 82.86% 93 15.63% 9 1.51% 400 67.23% 595
Harris 1,020 61.22% 633 38.00% 13 0.78% 387 23.23% 1,666
Hart 674 86.97% 80 10.32% 21 2.71% 594 76.65% 775
Heard 629 76.43% 188 22.84% 6 0.73% 441 53.58% 823
Henry 1,136 67.90% 512 30.60% 25 1.49% 624 37.30% 1,673
Houston 949 66.93% 466 32.86% 3 0.21% 483 34.06% 1,418
Irwin 245 88.77% 31 11.23% 0 0.00% 214 77.54% 276
Jackson 2,180 80.80% 506 18.75% 12 0.44% 1,674 62.05% 2,698
Jasper 588 76.86% 177 23.14% 0 0.00% 411 53.73% 765
Jefferson 816 85.80% 130 13.67% 5 0.53% 686 72.13% 951
Johnson 379 73.45% 124 24.03% 13 2.52% 255 49.42% 516
Jones 531 54.41% 443 45.39% 2 0.20% 88 9.02% 976
Laurens 839 78.41% 222 20.75% 9 0.84% 617 57.66% 1,070
Lee 178 30.48% 405 69.35% 1 0.17% -227 -38.87% 584
Liberty 477 39.75% 708 59.00% 15 1.25% -231 -19.25% 1,200
Lincoln 446 99.78% 0 0.00% 1 0.22% 445[b] 99.55% 447
Lowndes 767 53.75% 643 45.06% 17 1.19% 124 8.69% 1,427
Lumpkin 440 57.14% 317 41.17% 13 1.69% 123 15.97% 770
Macon 683 68.03% 320 31.87% 1 0.10% 363 36.16% 1,004
Madison 583 80.19% 144 19.81% 0 0.00% 439 60.39% 727
Marion 543 85.11% 94 14.73% 1 0.16% 449 70.38% 638
McDuffie 389 99.23% 3 0.77% 0 0.00% 386 98.47% 392
McIntosh 192 22.20% 673 77.80% 0 0.00% -481 -55.61% 865
Meriwether 991 68.16% 452 31.09% 11 0.76% 539 37.07% 1,454
Miller 170 94.97% 9 5.03% 0 0.00% 161 89.94% 179
Milton 895 93.42% 56 5.85% 7 0.73% 839 87.58% 958
Mitchell 650 59.96% 433 39.94% 1 0.09% 217 20.02% 1,084
Monroe 1,420 75.25% 466 24.70% 1 0.05% 954 50.56% 1,887
Montgomery 480 71.54% 178 26.53% 13 1.94% 302 45.01% 671
Morgan 506 70.28% 210 29.17% 4 0.56% 296 41.11% 720
Murray 524 71.00% 199 26.96% 15 2.03% 325 44.04% 738
Muscogee 1,107 63.84% 611 35.24% 16 0.92% 496 28.60% 1,734
Newton 788 64.64% 398 32.65% 33 2.71% 390 31.99% 1,219
Oconee 380 70.76% 156 29.05% 1 0.19% 224 41.71% 537
Oglethorpe 550 98.92% 4 0.72% 2 0.36% 546 98.20% 556
Paulding 592 75.41% 185 23.57% 8 1.02% 407 51.85% 785
Pickens 368 31.78% 788 68.05% 2 0.17% -420 -36.27% 1,158
Pierce 366 64.66% 198 34.98% 2 0.35% 168 29.68% 566
Pike 1,030 64.82% 514 32.35% 45 2.83% 516 32.47% 1,589
Polk 587 55.17% 450 42.29% 27 2.54% 137 12.88% 1,064
Pulaski 1,107 78.68% 298 21.18% 2 0.14% 809 57.50% 1,407
Putnam 511 99.80% 0 0.00% 1 0.20% 510[b] 99.61% 512
Quitman 327 72.67% 122 27.11% 1 0.22% 205 45.56% 450
Rabun 386 88.13% 43 9.82% 9 2.05% 343 78.31% 438
Randolph 594 63.19% 327 34.79% 19 2.02% 267 28.40% 940
Richmond 808 85.14% 113 11.91% 28 2.95% 695 73.23% 949
Rockdale 568 66.51% 280 32.79% 6 0.70% 288 33.72% 854
Schley 355 60.37% 233 39.63% 0 0.00% 122 20.75% 588
Screven 1,161 82.40% 243 17.25% 5 0.35% 918 65.15% 1,409
Spalding 1,039 68.94% 448 29.73% 20 1.33% 591 39.22% 1,507
Stewart 662 82.54% 139 17.33% 1 0.12% 523 65.21% 802
Sumter 940 58.93% 652 40.88% 3 0.19% 288 18.06% 1,595
Talbot 575 59.34% 389 40.14% 5 0.52% 186 19.20% 969
Taliaferro 391 65.71% 200 33.61% 4 0.67% 191 32.10% 595
Tattnall 534 83.70% 102 15.99% 2 0.31% 432 67.71% 638
Taylor 559 80.32% 123 17.67% 14 2.01% 436 62.64% 696
Telfair 493 64.95% 234 30.83% 32 4.22% 259 34.12% 759
Terrell 673 74.61% 228 25.28% 1 0.11% 445 49.33% 902
Thomas 1,465 63.15% 838 36.12% 17 0.73% 627 27.03% 2,320
Towns 275 49.64% 277 50.00% 2 0.36% -2 -0.36% 554
Troup 1,242 73.75% 435 25.83% 7 0.42% 807 47.92% 1,684
Twiggs 299 65.00% 157 34.13% 4 0.87% 142 30.87% 460
Union 547 55.36% 440 44.53% 1 0.10% 107 10.83% 988
Upson 977 73.85% 345 26.08% 1 0.08% 632 47.77% 1,323
Walker 718 72.53% 260 26.26% 12 1.21% 458 46.26% 990
Walton 767 74.98% 235 22.97% 21 2.05% 532 52.00% 1,023
Ware 369 64.51% 186 32.52% 17 2.97% 183 31.99% 572
Warren 545 84.10% 100 15.43% 3 0.46% 445 68.67% 648
Washington 1,351 69.78% 572 29.55% 13 0.67% 779 40.24% 1,936
Wayne 317 67.88% 137 29.34% 13 2.78% 180 38.54% 467
Webster 290 56.42% 224 43.58% 0 0.00% 66 12.84% 514
White 494 77.31% 139 21.75% 6 0.94% 355 55.56% 639
Whitfield 837 63.41% 421 31.89% 62 4.70% 416 31.52% 1,320
Wilcox 357 82.45% 73 16.86% 3 0.69% 284 65.59% 433
Wilkes 683 97.85% 0 0.00% 15 2.15% 668[b] 95.70% 698
Wilkinson 339 82.48% 69 16.79% 3 0.73% 270 65.69% 411
Worth 547 72.26% 179 23.65% 31 4.10% 368 48.61% 757
Totals 100,493 70.37% 40,499 28.36% 1,808 1.27% 59,994 42.01% 142,800

References

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  1. ^ Mickey, Robert W.; Paths Out of Dixie: The Democratization of Authoritarian Enclaves in America's Deep South, 1944-1972, p. 76 ISBN 1400838789
  2. ^ Phillips, Kevin P.; The Emerging Republican Majority, pp. 208, 210 ISBN 9780691163246
  3. ^ Springer, Melanie Jean; How the States Shaped the Nation: American Electoral Institutions and Voter Turnout, 1920-2000, p. 155 ISBN 022611435X
  4. ^ Kousser, J. Morgan; The Shaping of Southern Politics: Suffrage Restriction and the Establishment of the One-Party South, 1880-1910, p. 213 ISBN 0-300-01973-4
  5. ^ Kousser; The Shaping of Southern Politics, pp. 17-18
  6. ^ "1888 Presidential General Election Results – Georgia". Dave Leip’s U.S. Election Atlas.
  7. ^ a b Géoelections; Presidential election of 1888 Popular Vote (.xlsx file for €15)
  8. ^ Géoelections; Popular Vote for Clinton Fisk (.xlsx file for €15)

Notes

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  1. ^ These Streeter votes were not separated by county but given only as a state-wide total.
  2. ^ a b c d e In this county where Fisk ran second ahead of Harrison, margin given is Cleveland vote minus Fisk vote and percentage margin Cleveland percentage minus Fisk percentage.