The 1897 Colonial Conference was a conference between the Secretary of State for the Colonies and the 11 self-governing colonies of the British Empire. The conference was convened in London by Colonial Secretary Joseph Chamberlain in 1897 on the occasion of the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria. Chamberlain's intention was to draw the self-governing colonies into closer co-operation with the United Kingdom.[1][2]
| 1897 Colonial Conference | |
|---|---|
| Host country |  United Kingdom |
| Dates | 24 June–8 July 1897 |
| Venue(s) | Colonial Office, Whitehall |
| Cities | London |
| Heads of Government | 11 |
| Chair | Joseph Chamberlain (Secretary of State for the Colonies) |
| Follows | 1894 |
| Precedes | 1902 |
| Key points | |
Imperial council, imperial defence | |
Delegates were sent to the conference by Canada, Newfoundland Colony, New Zealand, the Australian self-governing colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia, and the South African Cape Colony and Colony of Natal.[1]
Chamberlain proposed the creation of a permanent Imperial Council made up of delegates from the colonies to act as an Empire-wide parliament with the power to bind the colonies on imperial matters but this was rejected by the colonies due to fears of loss of autonomy. Chamberlain also propose that colonies increase their contributions to the Royal Navy but only some colonies agreed to increase their contributions and no permanent arrangement was agreed to.[1]
Chamberlain also proposed a customs union between the colonies and Britain while Canada proposed preferential trade but no decision was made by the delegates.[3][4]
Participants
editThe conference was hosted by Queen Victoria, with her Colonial Secretary and the premiers of various colonies:
| Nation | Name | Portfolio |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom
|
Joseph Chamberlain | Secretary of State for the Colonies (Chairman) |
| William Palmer, 2nd Earl of Selborne | Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies | |
| Sir John Bramston | Assistant Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies | |
 Canada
|
Sir Wilfrid Laurier | Prime Minister |
 Cape Colony
|
Sir John Gordon Sprigg | Prime Minister |
.svg){kind=small} Colony of Natal
|
Sir Harry Escombe | Prime Minister |
 Newfoundland Colony
|
Sir William Whiteway | Premier |
 Colony of New South Wales
|
Sir George Reid | Premier |
 Colony of New Zealand
|
Richard Seddon | Premier |
 Colony of Queensland
|
Sir Hugh Nelson | Premier |
 South Australia
|
Charles Kingston | Premier |
 Colony of Tasmania
|
Sir Edward Braddon | Premier |
 Victoria
|
Sir George Turner | Premier |
 Western Australia
|
Sir John Forrest | Premier |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c Historical dictionary of European imperialism. Greenwood Publishing Group. 1991. pp. 136–137. ISBN 0313262578.
- ^ Kendle, J.E. (1967). The Colonial and Imperial Conferences, 1887-1911: A Study in Imperial Organization. Imperial Studies. Vol. XXVIII. London: Longmans for the Royal Commonwealth Society. ASIN B0000CO3QA. doi:10.1086/ahr/74.3.999.
- ^ "Colonial Conference". Sydney Mail. 10 July 1897. Retrieved 27 December 2014.
- ^ Historical dictionary of European imperialism. Greenwood Publishing Group. 1991. p. 138. ISBN 0313262578.
- ^ Crowley, F.K. (2000). Big John Forrest, 1847–1918: A Founding Father of the Commonwealth of Australia. University of Western Australia Press. p. 187. ISBN 9781876268442.
- ^ Proceedings of a conference between the secretary of state for the colonies and the premiers of the self-governing colonies at the Colonial Office, London, June and July 1897 [microform]. 2 August 1897. ISBN 9780665007187. Retrieved 27 December 2014.