The 1899 Carlisle Indians football team represented the Carlisle Indian Industrial School as an independent during the 1899 college football season. Led by first-year head coach Pop Warner, the Indians compiled a record of 9–2 and outscored opponents 383 to 46.
| 1899 Carlisle Indians football | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Conference | Independent |
| Record | 9–2 |
| Head coach |
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| Captain | Martin Wheelock |
| Home stadium | Indian Field |
| Conf | Overall | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Team | W | L | T | W | L | T | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Harvard | – | 10 | – | 0 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lafayette | – | 12 | – | 1 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Princeton | – | 12 | – | 1 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Buffalo | – | 7 | – | 1 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Boston College | – | 8 | – | 1 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Carlisle | – | 9 | – | 2 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Swarthmore | – | 8 | – | 1 | – | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Washington & Jefferson | – | 9 | – | 2 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wesleyan | – | 7 | – | 2 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pittsburgh College | – | 2 | – | 0 | – | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Villanova | – | 7 | – | 2 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yale | – | 7 | – | 2 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Western Univ. of Penn. | – | 3 | – | 1 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Columbia | – | 9 | – | 3 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fordham | – | 3 | – | 1 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cornell | – | 7 | – | 3 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Penn | – | 8 | – | 3 | – | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brown | – | 7 | – | 3 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| New Hampshire | – | 4 | – | 2 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vermont | – | 5 | – | 3 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tufts | – | 7 | – | 4 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bucknell | – | 6 | – | 4 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Holy Cross | – | 5 | – | 5 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Syracuse | – | 4 | – | 4 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Drexel | – | 3 | – | 3 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Army | – | 4 | – | 5 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Colgate | – | 4 | – | 5 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Penn State | – | 4 | – | 6 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Frankin & Marshall | – | 3 | – | 5 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NYU | – | 2 | – | 6 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Temple | – | 1 | – | 4 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dartmouth | – | 2 | – | 7 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lehigh | – | 2 | – | 9 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rutgers | – | 2 | – | 9 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Geneva | – | 0 | – | 3 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frank Hudson was the quarterback and drop-kicker for the 1899 Carlisle Indian team. In a 22–10 loss to Harvard, Hudson's kicking was again a featured attraction. The New York Times reported: "And now came the feature of the game, for which everybody had been waiting. The Indians advanced the ball to Harvard's thirty-five-yard line, when Hudson dropped back for a goal from the field. A second later and the pigskin went straight through the goal posts, and everybody was digging his neighbors' ribs and saying, 'I told you so.'"[1] For the first time, Carlisle defeated one of the "Big Four" of college football, defeating Penn by a score of 16 to 5.
The 1899 Carlisle team drew further acclaim after defeating Columbia, 45–0, in a Thanksgiving Day game played at Manhattan Field near the Polo Grounds in New York. Hudson drop-kicked four goals from touchdown and one field goal in the victory over Columbia. The New York Times cited Hudson's use of the drop kick technique as one of the features of the game:
"The other novelty was the way in which Hudson kicked goals. Instead of making a kick from a placed ball held by one of his eleven he chose to make all his tries for a goal by a drop kick, and he succeeded in most of his efforts. It was a new feature for a match game, though frequently tried in practice."[2]
With 10,000 fans in attendance,[3][4] Isaac Seneca was the star of the game, having two runs of 30 yards and another of 40 yards.[5] A press account of the game said: "The Indians were in prime physical condition and bore through the Columbia line and skirted the ends at will. At least eight times the Carlisle backs got around the ends for runs of thirty to sixty yards. Most of these runs were made by Seneca and Miller."[5]
For just the second time in history, an eastern team traveled to the Pacific coast. Carlisle defeated the California Golden Bears on December 25 in San Francisco by a score of 2–0.[6][7] The news reported the contest as the first matchup of East and West, but was pre-dated by the 1894 Chicago vs. Stanford football game. Like the Chicago vs. Stanford game before it, the Carlisle vs. California game foreshadows the first bowl game, the 1902 Rose Bowl.
At the end of the 1899 season, Seneca was elected as captain of the 1900 team, though he opted to play professional football rather than return in 1900.[8][9] Seneca was also honored by being named a first-team All-American—the first Carlisle player and the first American Indian to be so honored.[10]
With its only two losses having come to Harvard and Princeton (ranked first and second in the country), the 1899 Carlisle team was ranked no. 4 in the country by Walter Camp.[3]
Schedule
edit| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| September 23 | at Gettysburg | Gettysburg, PA | W 21–0 | |||
| September 30 | Susquehanna |
| W 56–0 | |||
| October 14 | at Penn | W 16–5 | ||||
| October 21 | vs. Dickinson | Carlisle, PA | W 16–7 | [11] | ||
| October 28 | at Harvard | L 10–22 | 13,000 | [12] | ||
| November 4 | at Hamilton |
| W 32–0 | [13] | ||
| November 11 | 2:40 p.m. | vs. Princeton | L 0–12 | 8,000 | [14][11] | |
| November 25 | Oberlin | Carlisle, PA | W 81–0 | [15] | ||
| November 30 | at Columbia |
| W 45–0 | [16] | ||
| December 25 | vs. California |
| W 2–0 | [17][18] | ||
| January 1 | 5:30 p.m. | at Phoenix Indians |
| W 86–6 | [19][20][21] |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Harvard 22; Carlisle, 10" (PDF). The New York Times. October 29, 1899.
- ^ "Indians Routed Columbia: Football Game on Manhattan Field Ended with the Score 45 to 0" (PDF). The New York Times. December 1, 1899.
- ^ a b Sally Jenkins (April 19, 2007). "The Team That Invented Football: Just two decades after Wounded Knee, the Carlisle Indian School transformed a plodding, brutal college sport into the fast, intricate game we know today". Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on July 14, 2012.
Alternate source: Sally Jenkins (April 19, 2007). "The Team That Invented Football: Just two decades after Wounded Knee, the Carlisle Indian School transformed a plodding, brutal college sport into the fast, intricate game we know today". Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on April 10, 2015. Retrieved April 4, 2015 – via Native Village.org. - ^ Sally Jenkins (2008). The Real All Americans: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation. Random House. p. 175. ISBN 978-0-7679-2624-9.
- ^ a b "Beaten by Indians: Columbia Given the Severest Whipping of the Season". The Salt Lake Tribune. December 1, 1899.
- ^ "Masters of the Gridiron Against Local Champions", San Francisco Call, San Francisco, CA, p. 5, December 23, 1899
- ^ "Carlisle Indians Win", Beatrice Daily Express, Beatrice, NE, p. 1, December 26, 1899
- ^ "Seneca Captains the Indians". The Sun. December 8, 1899.
- ^ "Seneca to Direct the Indians". The Philadelphia Inquirer. December 7, 1899.
- ^ "Our changing football heroes". The Saturday Evening Post Article. January 1, 1989.
- ^ a b "Schedule for football" (PDF). The Indian Helper. Vol. XV, no. 6. December 1, 1899.
- ^ "Harvard Only One of the Big Four to Win: Harvard 22, Indians 10". The Boston Post. October 29, 1899. pp. 1, 4 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Indians Easily Beat Hamilton". The New York Times. New York, New York. November 5, 1899. p. 6. Retrieved October 24, 2024 – via Newspapers.com
.
- ^ "Tigers Score Twice And Shut Out Indians". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Brooklyn, New York. November 12, 1899. p. 11. Retrieved October 18, 2024 – via Newspapers.com .
- ^ "The Indians Defeat Oberlin University At Carlisle". The New York Times. New York, New York. November 26, 1899. p. 12. Retrieved April 28, 2021 – via Newspapers.com .
- ^ "Columbia". The Sun. New York, NY. December 4, 1899. p. 9. Via "Image 9 of The sun (New York [N.Y.]), December 4, 1899". Library of Congress.
- ^ "Story Of The Great Battle From Line To Line". The San Francisco Call. San Francisco, California. December 26, 1899. p. 3. Retrieved September 5, 2021 – via Newspapers.com .
- ^ "Story Of The Game (continued)". The San Francisco Call. San Francisco, California. December 26, 1899. p. 11. Retrieved September 5, 2021 – via Newspapers.com .
- ^ "Carlisle Indians Win In Arizona". The Arizona Republican. Phoenix, Arizona. January 1, 1900. p. 4. Retrieved September 5, 2021 – via Newspapers.com .
- ^ "Carlisle Indians Win In Arizona". The Sentinel. Carlisle, Pennsylvania. January 3, 1900. p. 3. Retrieved September 5, 2021 – via Newspapers.com .
- ^ "Origins of the College Football Bowl System". Football Archaeology. January 11, 2021.
- ^ "1899 Carlisle Indian Schedule and Results". College Football at Sports-Reference.com.
