A special election to the United States Senate was held in Maryland on November 4, 1913, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Sen. Isidor Rayner (a Democrat). The election was the second Senate election (after a June 1913 late election in Georgia[1][2]) held under the Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which required direct popular election of senators, but was the first contested by multiple parties.[3][1]
 | |||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
 County results Parran: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% Lee: 30–40% 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% | |||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
.jpg)
Blair Lee I, a Democrat and former state senator, became the second U.S. Senator directly elected by the people of a state under the Constitution's provisions (although other states had previously elected senators indirectly through party primaries and popular elections, which were then ratified by the state legislature).[4] The election led to a controversy when the incumbent who had been appointed to fill Rayner's seat, Republican William P. Jackson, refused to give up his seat to Lee. Jackson claimed that "since he had been appointed under the original constitutional provision, he was entitled to hold his seat until the regularly scheduled adjournment date of the Maryland state assembly."[5] The Senate considered Jackson's challenge but eventually rejected it and seated Lee.
Results
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Blair Lee I | 112,485 | 56.75% | |
| Republican | Thomas Parran Sr. | 73,300 | 36.98% | |
| Progressive | George Wellington | 7,033 | 3.55% | |
| Socialist | Robert Fields | 2,982 | 1.5% | |
| Prohibition | Finley Hendrickson | 2,405 | 1.21% | |
| Total votes | 198,205 | 100.00% | ||
| Democratic hold | ||||
Results by county
edit| County | Blair Lee
Democratic |
Thomas Parran Sr.
Republican |
Other | Total
Votes Cast |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | # | # | # | |
| Allegany | 3,332 | 2,914 | 2,423 | 8,669 |
| Anne Arundel | 3,378 | 2,230 | 156 | 5,764 |
| Baltimore (City) | 48,658 | 24,028 | 5,553 | 78,239 |
| Baltimore (County) | 11,963 | 6,465 | 840 | 19,268 |
| Calvert | 658 | 1,189 | 46 | 1,893 |
| Caroline | 1,875 | 1,593 | 117 | 3,585 |
| Carroll | 3,536 | 3,180 | 213 | 6,929 |
| Cecil | 2,208 | 1,748 | 108 | 4,064 |
| Charles | 1,017 | 1,349 | 88 | 2,454 |
| Dorchester | 2,658 | 2,454 | 101 | 5,213 |
| Frederick | 5,163 | 4,633 | 509 | 10,305 |
| Garrett | 918 | 1,365 | 244 | 2,527 |
| Harford | 3,060 | 1,920 | 199 | 5,179 |
| Howard | 1,713 | 1,079 | 95 | 2,887 |
| Kent | 1,790 | 1,355 | 111 | 3,256 |
| Montgomery | 3,494 | 2,520 | 175 | 6,189 |
| Prince George's | 2,563 | 1,783 | 148 | 4,494 |
| Queen Anne's | 1,890 | 1,377 | 88 | 3,355 |
| St. Mary's | 957 | 929 | 81 | 1,967 |
| Somerset | 1,707 | 1,750 | 133 | 3,590 |
| Talbot | 1,824 | 1,427 | 153 | 3,404 |
| Washington | 425 | 3,764 | 490 | 4,679 |
| Wicomico | 2,718 | 1,902 | 292 | 4,912 |
| Worcester | 1,160 | 336 | 57 | 1,553 |
| Total | 112,485 | 73,300 | 6,090 | 198,205 |
References
edit- ^ a b Cleveland, John Fitch; Ottarson, F. J.; Schem, Alexander Jacob; McPherson, Edward; Rhoades, Henry Eckford (1914). The Tribune Almanac and Political Register. Tribune Association. p. 458. Retrieved February 24, 2020.
- ^ "Landmark Legislation: The Seventeenth Amendment to the Constitution". www.senate.gov. U.S. Senate. Retrieved February 24, 2020.
- ^ a b United States Congress (1917). "Official Congressional Directory, Volume 64, Issue 2, Part 2; Volume 65". U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 42. Retrieved February 24, 2020 – via Google Books.
- ^ "Direct Election of Senators". www.senate.gov. U.S. Senate. Retrieved February 24, 2020.
- ^ "The Election Case of William P. Jackson v. Blair Lee of Maryland (1914)". www.senate.gov. U.S. Senate. Retrieved February 24, 2020.
- ^ "Archives of Maryland, Volume 0124, Page 239 - Maryland Manual, 1913-14". msa.maryland.gov. Maryland State Archives. n.d. p. 239. Retrieved April 12, 2023.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MD US Senate Race - Nov 04, 1913". www.ourcampaigns.com. Our Campaigns. n.d. Retrieved April 12, 2023.