Wikipedia

1930 Indianapolis 500

The 18th International 500-Mile Sweepstakes Race was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway on Friday, May 30, 1930. The race was part of the 1930 AAA Championship Car season.

18th Indianapolis 500
Indianapolis Motor Speedway
Indianapolis 500
Sanctioning bodyAAA
DateMay 30, 1930
WinnerBilly Arnold
Winning EntrantHarry Hartz
Average speed100.448 mph (161.655 km/h)
Pole positionBilly Arnold
Pole speed113.268 mph (182.287 km/h)
Most laps ledBilly Arnold (198)
Pre-race
Pace carCord L-29
Pace car driverWade Morton
StarterGrantland Rice[1]
Honorary refereeVincent Hugo Bendix[1]
Estimated attendance165,000-170,000[2]
Chronology
Previous Next
1929 1931

Pole position winner Billy Arnold took the lead on lap 3, and led the entire rest of the race. He led a total of 198 laps (all consecutive), which stands as an all-time Indianapolis 500 race record. Arnold was accompanied by riding mechanic Spider Matlock.

Arnold was the first driver to complete the entire 500 miles in under five hours (over 100 mph average speed) without relief help. Pete DePaolo finished the 1925 race in under five hours, but used a relief driver for 21 laps. Arnold would eventually be named the first member of the prestigious 100 mph Club.

The race was marred by the death of Paul Marshall. He was acting as riding mechanic for his brother Cy when their car hit and flipped over the wall. His brother survived with serious injuries.

Rules changes and the "Junk" formula

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The 1930 race ushered in a series of substantially new engine rules and specifications. The allotted displacement was increased from 911⁄2 cu. in. (1.5 L) to 366 cu. in. (6.0 L). Superchargers were banned with the exception of two-cycle engines, and riding mechanics were made mandatory once again. In addition, the traditional mandate of a maximum 33-car field was lifted. This rules package would be in place through 1937.

Contrary to popular belief, the rule changes were not made in response to the stock market crash of 1929. The rules package is sometimes referred to disparagingly as the "Junk Formula" or the "Junkyard," and a common misconception is that it was implemented in order to dumb down the cars and maintain full fields during the Great Depression.

Speedway president Eddie Rickenbacker had decided to make the changes in order to lure back the passenger car manufacturers, and make the cars on the track more resemble those sold to the motoring public. Rickenbacker's desire was to move away from the supercharged, specialized racing machines that had taken over the Speedway through the 1920s. It was his vision at the time to bring the Speedway back to its origins and roots as a "proving ground" for the passenger car industry. Upon announcing the rule changes, he was quoted as saying, "Even a Model T can win." The rule changes were in fact being laid out as early as 1928, and were approved by the AAA Contest Board in early January 1929.[3]

Race schedule

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Race schedule – May 1930
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
        1
  		2
  		3
 
4
  		5
  		6
  		7
  		8
  		9
  		10
 
11
  		12
  		13
  		14
  		15
  		16
  		17
 
18
  		19
  		20
  		21
  		22
  		23
  		24
Time Trials
25
Time Trials 		26
Time Trials 		27
Time Trials 		28
Time Trials 		29
  		30
Indy 500 		31
 
Color Notes
Green Track Available for Practice
Dark Blue Time trials
Silver Race day
Blank No track activity

Practice

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The deadline for entries to be submitted was midnight on May 1. The track was made available for practice a couple days later, with the first car taking to the track on or around Tuesday May 6.[4] Most cars did not arrive at the Speedway until the second full week, with activity picking up mid-month.

By Monday May 19, a total of ten cars had taken to the track, with Louis Schneider (105 mph) posting the fastest lap thus far.[5] On Tuesday May 20, the focus of attention was on the 201-c.i.d, 16-cylinder, Sampson Special of Louis Meyer. The car was now completed and wheeled out of its garage at the Steinhart Brake Services building. It was cranked up for the first time, and ready to deliver to the Speedway. Back at the track, Shorty Cantlon turned a lap of 109 mph.[6]

 
Maserati Tipo V4 driven by Baconin Borzacchini

On Wednesday May 21, Louis Meyer took to the track for the first time, blistering the bricks with a lap of 110.56 mph in the 16-cylinder machine. Meyer immediately established himself as a favorite for the front row.[7] Meanwhile, Harry Hartz, who had not yet taken any laps in his front wheel drive Miller Special, was still expected to qualify come Saturday.

On Thursday May 22, Ralph Hepburn (112.20 mph) and Billy Arnold (111.83 mph) took laps in Harry Hartz's Miller Special. They were the two fastest laps thus far for the month. Speculation was growing that Hartz was preparing to hand the car over to either Hepburn or Arnold, but no official arrangement had been announced.[8] As late as Friday night, Hartz was still insisting to the press that he was intending to race the car himself.[9]

Time trials

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Qualifications was scheduled for five days, spanning from Saturday May 24 through Wednesday May 28. Four-lap qualifying runs were utilized, and cars were allowed up to three attempts. The minimum speed required was 85 mph. Time trials would end each day at sundown.[8]

Saturday May 24

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The first day of time trials was held Saturday May 24, scheduled for 11 a.m. to 7:01 p.m. L. L. Corum was the first car to qualify.[10] Car owner Harry Hartz took the #4 Miller Special out for a shake-down qualifying attempt. After one official lap of 110.429 mph, he parked the car and handed it over to Billy Arnold. Arnold proceeded to win the pole position with a four-lap run of 113.268 mph.

One day after smacking the wall, Ernie Triplett qualified sixth. After practicing on Friday at over 111 mph, and being a favorite for the pole position, Louis Meyer fell short of expectations. Meyer qualified second, owing to an ill-conceived gear ratio change the team decided to make on Saturday morning.

No major incidents were reported.

Pos No. Name Lap 1
(mph)		 Lap 2
(mph)		 Lap 3
(mph)		 Lap 4
(mph)		 Average Speed
(mph)
1 4   Billy Arnold 113.208 113.364 113.279 113.222 113.268
2 1   Louis Meyer  W  111.552 111.843 111.552 110.227 111.290
3 16   Shorty Cantlon  R  110.281 110.146 110.200 108.630 109.810
4 23   Louis Schneider 104.883 106.282 106.534 106.749 106.107
5 18   Chet Gardner  R  106.597 105.485 105.746 105.423 105.811
6 17   Ernie Triplett 105.646 105.646 105.907 105.275 105.618
7 22   Russ Snowberger 104.191 104.275 104.749 105.018 104.577
8 15   Phil Shafer 101.237 102.576 102.904 102.412 102.279
9 25   Leslie Allen  R  101.569 102.064 101.925 102.122 101.919
10 36   Cy Marshall  R  100.334 100.976 100.874 101.203 100.846
11 33   Frank Farmer 100.111 100.402 100.581 101.374 100.615
12 14   Lou Moore 100.301 99.911 98.879 99.867 99.867
13 35   J. C. McDonald  R  98.912 98.803 99.032 99.064 98.953
14 29   Joe Caccia  R  96.567 97.603 97.954 98.318 97.606
15 41   Chet Miller  R  96.639 97.014 97.762 98.039 97.360
16 38   Claude Berton  R  93.760 96.277 94.957 95.390 95.087
17 2   L. L. Corum  W  94.468 94.379 93.730 93.946 94.130
18 39   Johnny Seymour 92.898 93.303 93.565 93.740 93.376
19 32   Charles Moran  R  88.757 89.982 89.144 91.084 89.733
  4   Harry Hartz 110.429       Incomplete
  • Source: The Indianapolis News[11]

Sunday May 25

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Only two cars completed qualifying runs on Sunday May 25. Peter DePaolo was forced to change engines after crankshaft damage suffered on Saturday. Tony Gulotta put in the 12th-fastest speed thus far in the field, but as a second day qualifier, lined up in 20th starting position.

Rookie owner/driver Julius C. Slade quit his run after only two laps, then eventually would hand the car over to Roland Free.[12] Rick Decker also pulled in after only two laps.

Pos No. Name Lap 1
(mph)		 Lap 2
(mph)		 Lap 3
(mph)		 Lap 4
(mph)		 Average Speed
(mph)
20 9   Tony Gulotta 100.022 100.626 99.823 99.668 100.033
21 5   Peter DePaolo  W  99.712 99.491 100.615 100.011 99.956
  31   Rick Decker 96.051 94.548     Incomplete
  28   Julius C. Slade  R  84.778 85.553     Incomplete
  • Source: The Indianapolis News[11]

Monday May 26

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Three cars completed qualifying runs on Monday May 26, filling the field to 24 cars. Bill Cummings led the speed chart for the day, with a run of 106.173 mph, the fourth-fastest car in the field. Cummings car arrived late in the day, and he completed his run after 6 p.m., shortly before the track closed for the day. Cummings day was not without incident, as he nearly involved in an accident along with Peter DePaolo as they drove the car to the Speedway grounds.

Four other drivers took to the track, but failed to complete their runs. Bill Denver quit after two laps. Rick Decker, making his second attempt, blew an engine after completing only one lap. Likewise, Julius C. Slade, also making his second attempt in two days, threw a rod on his final lap. Babe Stapp took to the track just before sundown, but pulled off the track apparently before starting the attempt.

Pos No. Name Lap 1
(mph)		 Lap 2
(mph)		 Lap 3
(mph)		 Lap 4
(mph)		 Average Speed
(mph)
22 6   Bill Cummings  R  105.820 106.496 105.610 105.770 106.173
23 10   Mel Kenealy  R  102.916 103.448 103.448 103.496 103.327
24 7   Jimmy Gleason 93.613 93.691 93.848 93.682 93.709
  44   Bill Denver  R  91.501 91.380 Incomplete
  31   Rick Decker 92.507 engine     Incomplete
  28   Julius C. Slade  R  87.951 88.037 88.054 engine Incomplete
  8   Babe Stapp         Incomplete
  • Source: The Indianapolis News[13]

Tuesday May 27

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Six cars made qualifying attempts on Tuesday May 27, with all six running to completion. Wilbur Shaw led the speed chart for the day, with a four-lap average of 106.132 mph. There were no major incidents reported.

A day after practicing over 100 mph, Joe Huff did not disappoint, putting in the second-fastest speed of the afternoon. Rick Decker, who threw a rod and blew the engine in his #31 Decker Special on Monday, spent the day working a new engine. Decker made a deal with Fred Clemmons, owner of the #48 Hoosier Pete entry. Clemmons was unable to secure a chassis for his 4-cylinder Hoosier Pete engine, so he allowed Decker to install it in his car. The team expected to be out on the track for Wednesday.

Juan Gaudino (#52) and Fred Fansin (#53) officially scratched their entries, after they failed to arrive. At the end of the day, the field was filled to 30 cars. About twelve hopefuls remained, looking to qualify on Wednesday.

Pos No. Name Lap 1
(mph)		 Lap 2
(mph)		 Lap 3
(mph)		 Lap 4
(mph)		 Average Speed
(mph)
25 3   Wilbur Shaw 103.986 107.565 107.862 105.214 106.132
26 34   Joe Huff  R  100.852 101.203 100.212 102.471 101.178
27 19   Speed Gardner 94.547 96.288 96.123 95.299 95.585
28 26   Baconin Borzacchini  R  96.494 96.411 94.747 93.274 95.213
29 45   Marion Trexler  R  92.431 92.764 93.139 93.584 92.978
30 42   Letterio Cucinotta  R  90.827 91.445 92.156 91.921 91.584
  • Source: The Indianapolis News[14]

Wednesday May 28

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The final day of qualifications was held on Wednesday May 28, with time trials officially ending at sundown (7:04 p.m.) A total of eight cars managed to qualify for the race bringing the field to 38 cars. With an entry list featuring as many as 46-47 possible qualifiers, a total of four failed to qualify, and three cars never arrived. No cars were bumped or "crowded out."

Deacon Litz was the fastest qualifier for the day, with a run of 105.755 mph. After two failed attempts, Rick Decker finally made the field, after he finished installation of the Hoosier Pete engine. Fred Roberts and Rollin May failed to complete their attempts. Roberts threw a rod, and May was too slow to meet the 80 mph minimum speed. Doc MacKenzie never made it out to the track, and Sam Greco threw a rod with only thirty minutes left in the day.

Pos No. Name Lap 1
(mph)		 Lap 2
(mph)		 Lap 3
(mph)		 Lap 4
(mph)		 Average Speed
(mph)
31 12   Deacon Litz 104.676 106.070 106.132 106.157 105.755
32 8   Babe Stapp 104.834 105.895 104.118 104.969 104.950
33 24   Dave Evans 97.171 97.434 98.993 96.681 97.342
34 21   Zeke Meyer  R  94.997 95.470 94.777 96.195 95.357
35 48   Rick Decker 92.147 92.053 92.147 92.831 92.293
36 44   Bill Denver  R  90.680 91.185 90.126 90.616 90.650
37 28   Roland Free  R  89.419 89.552 89.686 89.901 89.639
38 46   Harry Butcher  R  86.605 86.948 87.133 87.328 87.003
  37   Fred Roberts  R  80.928       Incomplete
  51   Rollin May  R  77.640       Incomplete
  • Source: The Indianapolis News[15]

Starting grid

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Row Inside Middle Outside
1   Billy Arnold   Louis Meyer  W    Shorty Cantlon  R 
2   Louis Schneider   Chet Gardner  R    Ernie Triplett
3   Russ Snowberger   Phil Shafer   Leslie Allen  R 
4   Cy Marshall  R    Frank Farmer   Lou Moore
5   J. C. McDonald  R    Joe Caccia  R    Chet Miller  R 
6   Claude Berton  R    L. L. Corum  W    Johnny Seymour
7   Charles Moran  R    Tony Gulotta   Peter DePaolo  W 
8   Bill Cummings  R    Mel Kenealy  R    Jimmy Gleason
9   Wilbur Shaw   Joe Huff  R    Speed Gardner
10   Baconin Borzacchini  R    Marion Trexler  R    Letterio Cucinotta  R 
11   Deacon Litz   Babe Stapp   Dave Evans
12   Zeke Meyer  R    Bill Denver  R    Rick Decker
13   Roland Free  R    Harry Butcher  R   

Alternates

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  • First alternate: none[16]

Failed to qualify

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Sources:[1]

Race recap

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First half

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Louis Meyer in his 16-cylinder Miller grabbed the lead at the start, out-dueling polesitter Billy Arnold on the first lap. Meyer led laps 1 and 2, then Arnold took the lead on lap 3. Arnold would not relinquish the lead the rest of the afternoon.

On the grid, Rick Decker's engine failed to crank, and he did not start the race. When the crew finally got his car running, it lasted only 8 laps. Chet Gardner was out on the first lap after he spun and brushed the wall on the north end, damaging his left front wheel. Gardner became the first driver in Indy history to drop out of the race without completing a single lap.

A huge crash broke out on the leader's 23rd lap. Fred Roberts (driving relief for Pete DePaolo) lost control and crashed in turn three. He collected the car of Deacon Litz, who suffered a broken arm. Litz's riding mechanic Lloyd Barnes suffered a cut to the head. The cars of Johnny Seymour, Babe Stapp, Lou Moore, and Marion Trexler also got caught up in the incident.[17] Stapp's car rode up the wall, but he was not seriously injured. Jimmy Gleason's car suffered damage driving through the debris, and he drove back to the pits. He dropped out with what was discovered to be broken timing gears.

After leading early, Louis Meyer was forced to make a pit stop on lap 22 to repair a broken throttle connection. He lost over four minutes in the pits, and dropped as far down as 13th place. He returned to the track, and started charging back up the standings.

On the leader's 31st lap, Cy Marshall wrecked in turn three. The driver was pinned under the wreckage, but survived. His brother, riding mechanic Paul Marshall, was thrown from the car, and died of a fractured skull.

Second half

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Billy Arnold won over second place Shorty Cantlon by a margin of over seven minutes (about 4 laps). Arnold was not challenged by any of the other competitors in the second half. During a pit stop on lap 111, Arnold did not request relief help, and managed to drive the entire 500 miles without relief.

Arnold led a total of 198 laps (laps 3–200) to set an all-time Indianapolis 500 record for most total laps led (198), and most consecutive laps led (198).

Second place Shorty Cantlon was relieved by Herman Schurch for laps 97 through 151.[18]

Louis Meyer worked his way back into the top five by lap 140, but was unable to close the gap on Arnold. Meyer held fourth place over the final 50 laps, and finished sixteen minutes behind.

Box score

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Finish Start No Name Entrant Chassis Engine Qual Rank Laps Status
1 1 4   Billy Arnold Harry Hartz Summers Miller 113.268 1 200 4:58:39.72
2 3 16   Shorty Cantlon  R 
(Herman Schurch Laps 97-151) 		William S. White Stevens Miller 109.810 3 200 +7:17.46
3 4 23   Louis Schneider Louis F. Schneider Stevens Miller 106.107 6 200 +11:25.49
4 2 1   Louis Meyer  W  Alden Sampson II Stevens Miller 111.290 2 200 +16:18.35
5 22 6   Bill Cummings  R 
(Freddie Winnai Laps 113-149) 		Peter DePaolo Stevens Duesenberg 106.173 4 200 +21:56.39
6 33 24   Dave Evans David E. Evans Stevens Miller 97.342 24 200 +25:24.78
7 8 15   Phil Shafer Phil Shafer Coleman Miller 102.279 13 200 +31:17.65
8 7 22   Russ Snowberger Russell Snowberger Snowberger Studebaker 104.577 11 200 +37:47.24
9 9 25   Leslie Allen  R 
(Fred Lecklider Laps 51-115)
(Stubby Stubblefield Laps 116-200) 		Leslie Allen Miller Miller 101.919 14 200 +51:11.79
10 17 2   L. L. Corum  W  Milton Jones Stutz Stutz 94.130 29 200 +52:52.37
11 16 38   Claude Berton  R  Ira Vail Oakland Oakland 95.087 28 196 Flagged
12 30 42   Letterio Cucinotta  R  Letterio Piccolo Cucinotta Maserati Maserati 91.584 34 185 Flagged
13 15 41   Chet Miller  R  Thomas J. Mulligan Ford T Fronty-Ford 97.360 23 161 Flagged
14 38 46   Harry Butcher  R  Harry M. Butcher Buick Buick 87.003 38 127 Flagged
15 23 10   Mel Kenealy  R  J. Talbot, Jr. Whippet Miller 103.327 12 114 Valve
16 34 21   Zeke Meyer  R  Zeke Meyer Miller Miller 95.357 26 115 Rod
17 6 17   Ernie Triplett Allen Guiberson Whippet Miller 105.618 9 125 Piston
18 13 35   J. C. McDonald  R 
(Johnny Krieger Laps 105-112) 		William H. Richards Studebaker Studebaker 98.953 21 112 Fuel tank leak
19 37 28   Roland Free  R  Julius C. Slade Chrysler Chrysler 89.639 37 69 Clutch
20 20 9   Tony Gulotta J. Talbot, Jr. Whippet Miller 100.033 18 79 Valve
21 11 33   Frank Farmer M. A. Yagle Miller Miller 100.615 17 69 Crash
22 35 44   Bill Denver  R  Gabriel Nardi Duesenberg Duesenberg 90.650 35 41 Rod
23 26 34   Joe Huff  R 
(Ted Chamberlain Laps 8-27)
(Speed Gardner Laps 28-48) 		Herman N. Gauss Cooper Miller 101.178 15 48 Valve
24 25 3   Wilbur Shaw Empire State Motors Smith Miller 106.135 5 54 Wrist pin
25 14 29   Joe Caccia  R 
(Rick Decker) 		William Alberti Duesenberg Duesenberg 97.606 22 43 Crash
26 10 36   Cy Marshall  R  George A. Henry Duesenberg Duesenberg 100.846 16 29 Crash T3
27 19 32   Charles Moran  R  Du Pont Motors, Inc. Du Pont Du Pont 89.733 36 22 Crash T3
28 24 7   Jimmy Gleason Thomas J. Mulligan Miller Miller 93.709 30 22 Timing gears
29 12 14   Lou Moore Coleman Motors Corporation Coleman Miller 99.867 20 23 Crash T3
30 31 12   Deacon Litz Henry W. Maley Duesenberg Duesenberg 105.755 8 22 Crash T3
31 32 8   Babe Stapp A. S. Duesenberg Duesenberg Duesenberg 104.950 10 18 Crash T3
32 18 39   Johnny Seymour Herman N. Gauss Cooper Miller 93.376 31 21 Crash T3
33 21 5   Peter DePaolo  W 
(Fred Roberts Laps 8-20) 		Peter DePaolo Stevens Duesenberg 99.956 19 20 Crash T3
34 29 45   Marion Trexler  R  M. M. Lain, Jr. Auburn Lycoming 92.978 32 19 Crash T3
35 27 19   Speed Gardner W. H. Gardner Miller Miller 95.585 25 14 Main bearing
36 28 26   Baconin Borzacchini  R 
(Jimmy Rossi Laps 4-7) 		Alfieri Maserati Maserati Maserati 95.213 27 7 Magneto
37 36 48   Rick Decker Clemons Motors, Inc. Mercedes Clemons 92.293 33 8 Oil tank
38 5 18   Chet Gardner  R  James H. Booth Duesenberg Duesenberg 105.811 7 1 Spun T1
[19][20]

Note: Relief drivers in parentheses[21]

 W  Former Indianapolis 500 winner

 R  Indianapolis 500 Rookie

Note: Cars not finishing were awarded positions in the order in which they left the track, regardless of lap count

Statistics

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Race details

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  • For 1930, riding mechanics were required.[22] It was the first time since 1922 that riding mechanics were mandatory.
  • This was the first Indy 500 to utilize the green flag to signify the start of the race.[7][23] Previous years had used the red flag, before the development of standard uniform traffic guidelines and protocol as defined by the MUTCD and AASHTO.
  • This was the first 500 after the stock market crash of 1929, and the first to be held under the Great Depression.

Chet Miller

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One of the most famous nostalgic stories of Indianapolis 500 lore occurred with driver Chet Miller during the 1930 race. Just short of the mid-way point, Miller was in for a pit stop in his Fronty-Ford. The car, which was made up mostly of Model T parts, was discovered to have a broken right front spring. Race officials would not let Miller return to the track until repairs were made, so the crew began a search for suitable replacement parts.

Within a short time, the crew spotted an unattended Model T, that ostensibly belonged to a spectator, parked nearby in the infield. With the owner nowhere in sight, the crew proceeded to remove the spring they needed, and subsequently installed it on Miller's race car sitting in the pit area. After a stop of over 41 minutes, Miller was back out on the track with the borrowed spring, and drove to a 13th-place finish.

Following the race, with the vehicle's owner still not located, the crew went back to the infield and re-installed the spring on the unknown spectator's Model T. It is believed that the owner of the car was never aware of the entire situation.[24][25]

Notes

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Works cited

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References

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  1. ^ a b c Fox, Jack C. (1994). The Illustrated History of the Indianapolis 500 1911-1994 (4th ed.). Carl Hungness Publishing. pp. 22, 400. ISBN 0-915088-05-3.
  2. ^ Patton, W. Blaine (May 31, 1930). "Jump Into Lead On Third Lap And Is Never Headed". The Indianapolis Star. p. 1. Retrieved June 3, 2017 – via Newspapers.com. 
  3. ^ The History of the 500 - WFNI/WIBC: Episode 10, 2013
  4. ^ "Speedway Appetizers". The Indianapolis News. May 7, 1930. p. 22. Retrieved April 6, 2015 – via Newspapers.com. 
  5. ^ "Speedway Appetizers". The Indianapolis News. May 20, 1930. p. 23. Retrieved April 6, 2015 – via Newspapers.com. 
  6. ^ "Speedway Appetizers". The Indianapolis News. May 21, 1930. p. 18. Retrieved April 6, 2015 – via Newspapers.com. 
  7. ^ a b "Speedway Appetizers". The Indianapolis News. May 21, 1930. p. 18. Retrieved April 6, 2015 – via Newspapers.com. 
  8. ^ a b "Speedway Appetizers". The Indianapolis News. May 23, 1930. p. 37. Retrieved April 6, 2015 – via Newspapers.com. 
  9. ^ "Speedway Appetizers". The Indianapolis News. May 24, 1930. p. 17. Retrieved April 6, 2015 – via Newspapers.com. 
  10. ^ "Corum, Caccia, and Moran Also Qualify". The Indianapolis News. May 24, 1930. p. 1. Retrieved April 6, 2015 – via Newspapers.com. 
  11. ^ a b "Battle of Cylinders to Close on Wednesday". The Indianapolis News. May 26, 1930. p. 18. Retrieved April 2, 2015 – via Newspapers.com. 
  12. ^ "Julius Slade driver stats". ChampCarStats.com. Retrieved April 3, 2015.
  13. ^ "Several Fast Cars Yet to Qualify for Race". The Indianapolis News. May 27, 1930. p. 22. Retrieved April 2, 2015 – via Newspapers.com. 
  14. ^ "Twelve Lines of Cars May Face Race Starter". The Indianapolis News. May 28, 1930. p. 28. Retrieved April 2, 2015 – via Newspapers.com. 
  15. ^ "Thirty-Eight Qualify for Start of Big Race". The Indianapolis News. May 29, 1930. p. 10. Retrieved April 2, 2015 – via Newspapers.com. 
  16. ^ The Talk of Gasoline Alley - 1070-AM WIBC, May 14, 2004
  17. ^ "Record Crowd Gets All Kinds of Thrills". The Indianapolis News. May 30, 1930. p. 1. Retrieved April 6, 2015 – via Newspapers.com. 
  18. ^ "Cantlon's Good Run". The Indianapolis News. May 31, 1930. p. 14. Retrieved April 6, 2015 – via Newspapers.com. 
  19. ^ "Indianapolis 500 1930". Ultimate Racing History. Archived from the original on 5 February 2013. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
  20. ^ Popely, Rick; Riggs, L. Spencer (1998). The Indianapolis 500 Chronicle. Lincolnwood, Illinois: Publications International, Ltd. ISBN 0-7853-2798-3.
  21. ^ "International 500 Mile Sweepstakes – May 30, 1930". ChampCarStats.com.
  22. ^ Blazier, John E.; Rollings, Tom (1994). Forgotten Heroes of the Speedways: The Riding Mechanics.
  23. ^ "The Talk of Gasoline Alley" - 1070 WIBC: May 6, 2002
  24. ^ Davidson, Donald (2006). Autocourse Official History of the Indianapolis 500. Autocourse. p. 70. ISBN 9781905334209.[permanent dead link‍]
  25. ^ The Talk of Gasoline Alley - 1070-AM WIBC, May 6, 2007


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