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1934 FIFA World Cup qualification

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The 1934 FIFA World Cup was the first World Cup for which teams had to qualify, after the finalists in the inaugural 1930 World Cup had participated by invitation from FIFA. With 32 teams having entered the 1934 competition, FIFA organized qualification rounds to select 16 teams for the finals.[1] Even Italy, the host of the World Cup, had to earn its spot, the only time this has been the case.[1][a] The previous champion Uruguay refused to defend its title because many European nations had declined to take part in the 1930 World Cup, held in Uruguay.[1][2]

1934 FIFA World Cup qualification
Tournament details
Dates11 June 1933 – 24 May 1934
Teams29
Tournament statistics
Matches played26
Goals scored141 (5.42 per match)
Top scorer(s)Spain Isidro Lángara
Cuba Mario López
Mexico Dionisio Mejía
(7 goals each)
1938 →

Of the 32 teams which entered,

  • Chile, Peru and Turkey all withdrew before qualifying began.[1]
  • Brazil and Argentina qualified without playing any matches owing to the withdrawal of their opponents.
  • The other 27 teams played at least one qualifying match.
  • Greece, Bulgaria and Poland withdrew partway through the planned schedule of qualifying matches.

The first match, between Sweden and Estonia, took place in Stockholm on 11 June 1933, with Swedish player Knut Kroon scoring the first goal.[b] The last match was played in Rome only three days before the start of the tournament, as late entrant United States beat Mexico to become the final team to qualify.

Format

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The 32 teams were divided into 12 groups, based on geographical considerations, as follows:

  • Groups 1 to 8 – Europe: 12 places, contested by 21 teams.
  • Groups 9, 10 and 11 – Americas: 3 places, contested by 8 teams.
  • Group 12 – Africa and Asia: 1 place, contested by 3 teams (including Turkey).

The 12 groups had different rules, as follows:

  • Group 1 had 3 teams. The teams played against each other once. The group winner would qualify.
  • Groups 2, 3 and 5 had 2 teams each. The teams played against each other on a home-and-away basis. The group winners would qualify.
  • Group 4 had 3 teams. The teams played against each other twice. The group winner and runner-up would qualify.
  • Groups 6, 7 and 8 had 3 teams each. The teams played against each other once. The group winners and runners-up would qualify.
  • Groups 9 and 10 had 2 teams each. The group winners would qualify.
  • Group 11 had 4 teams. There would be three rounds of play:
    • First Round: Haiti played against Cuba thrice. The winner would advance to the Second Round.
    • Second Round: Mexico played against the winner of the First Round thrice at home. The winner would advance to the Final Round.
    • Final Round: USA played against the winner of the Second Round in a single match on neutral ground. The winner would qualify.
  • Group 12 had 3 teams. After Turkey withdrew before the matches began, the remaining 2 teams played against each other on a home-and-away basis. The group winner would qualify.

Key:

  • Teams highlighted in green qualified for the finals.
  • Teams highlighted in orange qualified for the next phase of their group.

Groups

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Group 1

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Rank Team Pld W D L GF GA GAv Pts
1   Sweden 2 2 0 0 8 2 4.00 4
2   Estonia 1 0 0 1 2 6 0.33 0
3   Lithuania 1 0 0 1 0 2 0.00 0
Sweden  6–2  Estonia
Kroon   7'
L. Bunke   10'
Ericsson   13', 70'
T. Bunke   43'
Andersson   79' (pen)		 Report Kass   47'
Kuremaa   61'
Attendance: 8,123
Lithuania  0–2  Sweden
Report Hansson   55', 65'
Attendance: 6,000

Estonia v Lithuania was not played since neither team could qualify with a win.[3]

Sweden qualified.

Group 2

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Rank Team Pld W D L GF GA GAv Pts
1   Spain 2 2 0 0 11 1 11.0 4
2   Portugal 2 0 0 2 1 11 0.09 0
Spain  9–0  Portugal
González   3'
Lángara   13', 14' (pen.), 46', 71', 85'
Regueiro   65', 70'
Ventolrà   68'		 Report
Attendance: 50,000
Portugal  1–2  Spain
Silva   10' Report Lángara   12', 25'
Attendance: 35,000

11–1 on aggregate; Spain qualified.

Group 3

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Rank Team Pld W D L GF GA GAv Pts
1   Italy 1 1 0 0 4 0 4.00 2
2   Greece 1 0 0 1 0 4 0.00 0
Italy  4–0  Greece
Guarisi   40'
Meazza   44', 71'
Ferrari   69'		 Report
Attendance: 20,000

Italy qualified, as Greece declined to play the second match.[1][2]

Group 4

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Rank Team Pld W D L GF GA GAv Pts
1   Hungary 2 2 0 0 8 2 4.00 4
2   Austria 1 1 0 0 6 1 6.00 2
3   Bulgaria 3 0 0 3 3 14 0.21 0
Bulgaria  1–4  Hungary
Baikushev   27' Report Sárosi   29'
Szabó   61' (pen.)
Toldi   88'
Markos   89'
Attendance: 10,000
Austria  6–1  Bulgaria
Horvath   19', 22', 33'
Zischek   59'
Viertl   62'
Sindelar   67'		 Report Lozanov   66'
Attendance: 25,000
Hungary  4–1  Bulgaria
Szabó   9', 58'
Solti   60', 73'		 Report Todorov   61'
Attendance: 10,000

Bulgaria withdrew, and the remaining matches were not played since Hungary and Austria were already assured of the top two spots.[1]

Hungary and Austria qualified.

Group 5

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Rank Team Pld W D L GF GA GAv Pts
1   Czechoslovakia 2 2 0 0 4 1 4.00 4
2   Poland 2 0 0 2 1 4 0.25 0
Poland  1–2  Czechoslovakia
Martyna   52' (pen) Report Silný   33'
Pelcner   77'
Attendance: 16,000
Czechoslovakia  2–0
awarded[c]		  Poland

Czechoslovakia qualified.[4]

Group 6

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Rank Team Pld W D L GF GA GAv Pts
1   Romania 2 1 1 0 4 3 1.33 3
2    Switzerland 2 0 2 0 4 4 1.00 2
3   Yugoslavia 2 0 1 1 3 4 0.75 1
Yugoslavia  2–2   Switzerland
Kragić   50'
Marjanović   61'		 Report Frigerio   76'
Jäggi   80'
Attendance: 17,000
Switzerland  2–2[d]  Romania
Hufschmid   75'
Hochstrasser   80' (pen.)		 Report Sepi   18'
Dobay   67'
Attendance: 15,000
Romania  2–1  Yugoslavia
Schwartz   38'
Dobay   74'		 Report Kragić   71'
Attendance: 20,000

Romania and Switzerland qualified.

Group 7

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Rank Team Pld W D L GF GA GAv Pts
1   Netherlands 2 2 0 0 9 4 2.25 4
2   Belgium 2 0 1 1 6 8 0.75 1
3   Irish Free State 2 0 1 1 6 9 0.67 1
Irish Free State  4–4  Belgium
Moore   27', 48', 56', 75' Report Capelle   15'
S. Vanden Eynde   30'
F. Vanden Eynde   47', 60'
Attendance: 28,000
Netherlands  5–2  Irish Free State
Smit   41', 85'
Bakhuys   67', 78'
Vente   83'		 Report Squires   44'
Moore   57'
Attendance: 38,000
Referee: Otto Ohlsson (Sweden)
Belgium  2–4  Netherlands
Grimmonprez   51'
Voorhoof   71'		 Report Smit   60'
Bakhuys   62', 84'
Vente   64'
Attendance: 33,000

Netherlands and Belgium qualified (Belgium finished above the Irish Free State on goal average).[1]

Group 8

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Rank Team Pld W D L GF GA GAv Pts
1   Germany 1 1 0 0 9 1 9.00 2
2   France 1 1 0 0 6 1 6.00 2
3   Luxembourg 2 0 0 2 2 15 0.13 0
Luxembourg  1–9  Germany
Mengel   27' Report
Report		 Rasselnberg   2', 35', 57', 89'
Wigold   12'
Albrecht   24'
Hohmann   30', 52', 53'
Attendance: 16,000
Luxembourg  1–6  France
Speicher   47' Report Aston   3'
Nicolas   26', 67', 85', 89' (pen.)
Liberati   80'
Attendance: 18,000

Germany v France was not played since both teams were already assured of the top two spots.[3]

Germany and France qualified.

Group 9

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Rank Team Pld W D L GF GA GAv Pts
1   Brazil
2   Peru Withdrew

Peru withdrew, so Brazil qualified automatically.[1]

Group 10

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Rank Team Pld W D L GF GA GAv Pts
1   Argentina
2   Chile Withdrew

Chile withdrew, so Argentina qualified automatically.[1]

Group 11

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First round

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Rank Team Pld W D L GF GA GAv Pts
1   Cuba 3 2 1 0 10 2 5.00 5
2   Haiti 3 0 1 2 2 10 0.20 1
Haiti  1–3  Cuba
St. Fort   85' (pen.) Report López   20' (pen.)
H. Socorro   61'
Martínez   64'
Attendance: 6,000
Referee: John Williams (United States)
Haiti  1–1  Cuba
St. Fort   25' (pen.) Report López   85'
Attendance: 6,000
Referee: John Williams (United States)
Haiti  0–6  Cuba
Report H. Socorro   5'
López   18', 86'
F. Socorro   37'
Ferrer   62'
Soto   78'
Attendance: 5,000
Referee: John Williams (United States)

10–2 on aggregate; Cuba advanced to the Second Round.

Second round

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Rank Team Pld W D L GF GA GAv Pts
1   Mexico 3 3 0 0 12 3 4.00 6
2   Cuba 3 0 0 3 3 12 0.25 0
Mexico  3–2  Cuba
Mejía   12', 14', 16' Report López   40', 63'
Attendance: 20,000
Mexico  5–0  Cuba
Sota   24'
Mejía   31', 40', 79'
Rosas   72'		 Report
Attendance: 22,000
Mexico  4–1  Cuba
Alonso   32', 75'
Ruvalcaba   41'
Marcos   55'		 Report López   15'
Attendance: 10,000

12–3 on aggregate; Mexico advanced to the Final Round.

Final round

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The match to decide whether the United States or Mexico would qualify was played only three days before the start of the final tournament, as the United States submitted their entry too late. Thus, the match was played in Italy, so that the winner would effectively stay in the country for the tournament.[1]

Rank Team Pld W D L GF GA GAv Pts
1   United States 1 1 0 0 4 2 2.00 2
2   Mexico 1 0 0 1 2 4 0.50 0
United States  4–2  Mexico
Donelli   28', 32', 74', 87' Report Alonso   25'
Mejía   75'
Attendance: 12,000

United States qualified.

Group 12

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The Palestine football team consisted exclusively of Jewish and British players.[8]

FIFA states, in reference to the 1930s Palestine Mandate team, that the 'Palestine team' that participated in previous competitions in the 1930s was actually the forerunner of today's Israel team, and as such bears no relation to the modern-day Palestine national team.[9] However, the region currently known as Palestine is considered one of the first Asian teams to compete in the FIFA World Cup qualifiers.[10]

Rank Team Pld W D L GF GA GAv Pts
1   Egypt 2 2 0 0 11 2 5.50 4
2   Palestine, British Mandate 2 0 0 2 2 11 0.18 0
—   Turkey withdrew
Egypt  7–1  Palestine, British Mandate
El-Tetsh   11', 35', 51'
Taha   21', 79'
Latif   43', 87'		 Report
Report		 Nudelmann   61'
British Army Ground, Cairo, Egypt
Attendance: 13,000
Referee: Stanley Wells (England)
Palestine, British Mandate  1–4  Egypt
Sukenik   54' Report
Report		 Latif   2'
El-Tetsh   7', 22'
Fawzi   35'
Attendance: 5,000 / 8,000

11–2 on aggregate; Egypt qualified.

Qualified teams

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Only six of the teams qualifying for the final competition – Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, France, Romania, and the USA – had already attended the World Cup in 1930.[1]

 
1934 FIFA World Cup qualification participants
 
Qualifying countries
Team Finals Appearance Streak Last Appearance
  Argentina 2nd 2 1930
  Austria 1st 1 —
  Belgium 2nd 2 1930
  Brazil 2nd 2 1930
  Czechoslovakia 1st 1 —
  Egypt 1st 1 —
  France 2nd 2 1930
  Germany 1st 1 —
  Hungary 1st 1 —
  Italy 1st 1 —
  Netherlands 1st 1 —
  Romania 2nd 2 1930
  Spain 1st 1 —
  Sweden 1st 1 —
   Switzerland 1st 1 —
  United States 2nd 2 1930

Goalscorers

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7 goals
5 goals
4 goals
3 goals
2 goals
1 goal

Footnotes

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  1. ^ 2010 host South Africa and 2022 host Qatar also participated in the respective World Cup qualification because those tournaments doubled as continental qualifiers, but those teams were guaranteed spots in the World Cups and were only vying for places in the continental finals.
  2. ^ Some sources report it as an own goal by Estonian goalkeeper Evald Tipner instead.
  3. ^ Poland were unable to travel to Prague for the second match as the Polish government denied the team visas for political reasons.[4] The match was awarded as 2–0 to Czechoslovakia.[5]
  4. ^ FIFA reports a 2–2 draw.[5] According to some sources FIFA later awarded the match as 2–0 to Switzerland as a result of Romania having fielded ineligible player Iuliu Baratky.[6][7] Despite this, both Switzerland and Romania still qualified with 3 and 2 points respectively, which keep them in top two of the group.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "History of the FIFA World Cup Preliminary Competition (by year)" (PDF). FIFA.com. FIFA. July 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 June 2010. Retrieved 18 June 2018.
  2. ^ a b Hart, Jim (27 July 2016). "When the World Cup rolled into fascist Italy in 1934". These Football Times. Archived from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 14 June 2018.
  3. ^ a b "FIFA World Cup, 1934 - qualifying". 11v11.com. Retrieved 16 June 2018.
  4. ^ a b "World Cup 1934 - Qualifying". RSSSF.com. Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Retrieved 16 January 2021.
  5. ^ a b "1934 FIFA World Cup Italy - Qualifiers - Europe". FIFA.com. Archived from the original on 8 March 2018. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
  6. ^ "World Cup 1934 Qualifying". RSSSF.com. Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Retrieved 17 June 2018.
  7. ^ Seal, Brian (29 May 2015). "29 October 1933 – When Crossing The Border Crosses The Line". This Day In Football History. Archived from the original on 17 June 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2018.
  8. ^ Rake, Julian (24 October 2008). "A long wait for a home game". Reuters. Archived from the original on 25 October 2008. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
  9. ^ "FIFA Fact Sheet: History of the FIFA World Cup (TM) Preliminary Competition (see page 43)" (PDF). FIFA.com. FIFA. 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 June 2010. Retrieved 9 June 2010. The modern Palestine, an Arab State, has no connection with the Jewish delegation from Palestine (at the time a British Mandate) who were the first Jewish national team, and as such the forerunner of Israel.
  10. ^ "Palestine (PLE)". FIFA.com. FIFA. Archived from the original on 10 November 2007. Retrieved 23 September 2011.
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