Events from the year 1945 in Romania. The year saw the end of Romania's involvement in World War II and the foundation of the pro-Communist government of Petru Groza.
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Incumbents
edit- Prime Minister:[2]
- Nicolae Rădescu (until 6 March).
- Petru Groza (from 6 March).
Events
edit- 13 February – The Budapest Offensive and the Siege of Budapest end with Nazi troops surrendering Budapest, Hungary, to Soviet-Romanian forces.[3]
- 24 February – In Bucharest, the Communist Party and its allies organize a mass rally in front of the Royal Palace to call for Prime Minister Nicolae Rădescu's resignation. As the protest carries on, communist agents open fire from the Interior Ministry building situated across the street, killing several people.[4]
- 28 February – Andrey Vyshinsky, Soviet vice commissioner of foreign affairs and president of the Allied Control Commission for Romania, travels to Bucharest and demands from King Michael I the resignation of Rădescu;[5][6] at the direction of Joseph Stalin, he warns that the Soviet Union would not allow Northern Transylvania to be returned to Romania if Rădescu were to remain prime minister. Rădescu resigns his position the next day.
- 6 March – A pro-Communist government is formed under Petru Groza, following Soviet intervention.[2]
- 12 May – The last German troops capitulate, bringing Romania's involvement in the Second World War to an end.[7]
- 21 August – In response to the government not resigning as he requested, King Michael starts the "royal strike", refusing the sign any decrees, a situation that continues into the following year.[8]
- 8 November – A pro-monarchy demonstration in front of the Royal Palace escalates into street fighting which kills and wounds dozens. Order is restored by Soviet troops.[9]
Births
edit- 5 January – Constantin Radu, footballer (died 2020).[10]
- 4 February – Aureliu Manea, theatre director, actor, and writer (died 2014).[11]
- 6 March – Paul Grigoriu, journalist and writer (died 2015).[12]
- 25 March – Dumitru Antonescu, footballer (died 2016).[13]
- 24 April – Miron Chichișan, politician, mayor of Zalău (died 2016).
- 10 May – Judith Dibar, tennis player.[14]
- 24 June – Constantin Gruiescu, Olympic boxer.[15]
- 6 July – Doru Davidovici, aviator and writer (died 1989).
- 24 July – Constantin Mihail, athletics coach (died 2016).[16]
- 4 September – Doina Furcoi, Olympic handball player.[17]
- 19 September – Ruxandra Sireteanu, behavioural neuroscientist (died 2008).[18]
- 22 November – Melania Decuseară, Olympic diver.[19]
- 1 November – Vasile Ianul, football player and manager (died 2013).[20]
- 18 November – Petru Dugulescu, Baptist pastor, poet, and politician (died 2008).[21]
- 1 December – Ghiță Licu, handball player (died 2014).[22]
Deaths
edit- 1 February – Ion Șiugariu, poet and soldier, killed in action in Slovakia during World War II (born 1914).
- 3 March – Gheorghe Avramescu, general, died in Slovakia during World War II while in NKVD custody (born 1884).[23]
- 15 March – Sava Caracaș, general (born 1890).[24]
- 4 April – Berta Bock, composer (born 1857).[25]
- 7 April – Elizabeth, Princess Bibesco, novelist, playwright and poet (born 1897).[26]
- 17 April – Ion Pillat, poet (born 1891).[27]
- 29 May – Mihail Sebastian, playwright, journalist and novelist (born 1907).[28]
References
edit- ^ Scurtu, Ioan (2004). Istoria românilor în timpul celor patru regi (1866-1947) [History of the Romanians under the Four Kings (1866-1947)] (in Romanian) (2a. ed.). Bucharest: Editura Enciclopedică. pp. 191–199. ISBN 978-9-73450-603-3.
- ^ a b Cioroianu 2005, p. 159.
- ^ Ungvary, Krisztian; Ladislaus Lob; John Lukacs (2005). The Siege of Budapest: One Hundred Days in World War II. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 512. ISBN 978-0-30010-468-4.
- ^ Bachman, Ronald D. (1989). "Postwar Romania, 1944–1985". Romania: A Country Study. Washington, DC: GPO for the Library of Congress.
- ^ Cioroianu 2005, p. 152.
- ^ Bucurescu, Adrian (June 19, 2008). "Generalul Rădescu, ultimul scut anticomunist – 55 de ani de la moarte". România liberă (in Romanian). Retrieved January 22, 2023.
- ^ "Data on Romania's Participation in the Anti-Hitlerite War". Romania in the Anti-Hitler War. Bucharest: Romanian News Agency Agerpres. 15 April 1970. p. 4.
- ^ Giurescu, Constantin C.; Matei, Horia C.; Popa, Marcel; Alexandrescu, Ion; Chiper, Ioan (1974). Chronological History of Romania. Bucharest: Enciclopedică Română. p. 362. OCLC 251025169.
- ^ Stone, David R. (2006). "The 1945 Ethridge Mission to Bulgaria and Romania and the Origins of the Cold War in the Balkans". Diplomacy & Statecraft. 17: 93–112. doi:10.1080/09592290500533775. S2CID 155033071.
- ^ Lonel, Marius (2020-04-16). "A murit Constantin Radu I. Avea tumoare pe creier" [Constantin Radu has died. He had a brain tumour]. Jurnalul de Arges (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 2020-05-16.
- ^ Pârvulescu, Diana (March 14, 2014). "Regizorul Aureliu Manea a murit la vârsta de 69 de ani". Mediafax (in Romanian). Retrieved October 7, 2023.
- ^ Pârvulescu, Diana (April 4, 2015). "Realizatorul de emisiuni radiofonice Paul Grigoriu va fi înmormântat duminică, în județul Dâmbovița". Mediafax. Retrieved October 7, 2023.
- ^ Dumitru Antonescu at RomanianSoccer.ro (in Romanian)
- ^ "Judith Dibar [ROU]". TennisAbstract. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Constantin Gruiescu". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
- ^ "Doliu în atletismul românesc! A murit Constantin Gheorghe "Titi" Mihail". Gazeta Sporturilor. January 22, 2016. Retrieved October 6, 2023.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Doina Furcoi". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
- ^ Ganea, Constanța (2009). "Ruxandra Sireteanu-Constantinescu (1945–2008)". Curierul de Fizică (in Romanian). 63 (1): 18.
- ^ "Melania Decuseară". www.olympedia.org. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
- ^ Vasile Ianul at EU-Football.info
- ^ Bonte, Zaharia (December 1, 2006). "A murit pastorul Petrică Dugulescu". Pași (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 2013-03-05. Retrieved October 7, 2023.
- ^ "Ghiță Licu". www.cosr.ro. Romanian Olympic Committee. Retrieved October 7, 2023.
- ^ Stănescu, Manuel. "Generalul Avramescu, trădător sau victimă a NKVD?" [General Avramescu, traitor or victim of the NKVD?]. Historia (in Romanian). Retrieved February 23, 2020.
- ^ "Lista eroilor căzuți la datorie în războaiele purtate de armata României" (PDF). veteraniiromaniei.mapn.ro (in Romanian). Ministry of National Defence. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
- ^ McVicker, Mary Frech (2016). Women Opera Composers: Biographies from the 1500s to the 21st Century. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland et Company, Inc., Publishers. p. 103. ISBN 978-1-47662-361-0.
- ^ Facts on File Yearbook Volume 5. New York: Facts on File. 1946. p. 112. OCLC 867274066.
- ^ Serafin 2000, p. 218.
- ^ Wasserstein, Bernard (2015). On the Eve: the Jews of Europe before the Second World War. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 454. ISBN 978-1-41659-428-4.
Bibliography
edit- Cioroianu, Adrian (2005). Pe umerii lui Marx. O introducere în istoria comunismului românesc [On the Shoulders of Marx. An Incursion into the History of Romanian Communism] (in Romanian). Bucharest: Editura Curtea Veche. ISBN 978-973-669-390-8.
- Serafin, Steven, ed. (2000). Twentieth-century Eastern European Writers. Detroit: Gale. ISBN 978-0-78763-129-1.