The 1946 United States Air Force C-47 crash, known in China as the April 8 Incident, was the crash of US Army Air Force C-47B-1-DL (registration 43–16360) from Chongqing to Yan'an that struck a mountain in Shanxi, China, killing all four crew members and 13 passengers, including several top Communist Chinese leaders.[1]
 A C-47 similar to the accident aircraft | |
| Accident | |
|---|---|
| Date | 8 April 1946 |
| Summary | Controlled flight into terrain |
| Site | Heicha Mountain, Xing County, Shanxi, China |
| Aircraft | |
| Aircraft type | DC-3 |
| Operator | United States Army Air Forces |
| Flight origin | Chongqing |
| Stopover | Xi'an |
| Destination | Yan'an |
| Occupants | 17 |
| Passengers | 13 |
| Crew | 4 |
| Fatalities | 17 |
| Survivors | 0 |
Background
editFollowing the end of World War II, the Kuomintang government of China and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) commenced negotiations for a political settlement to form a joint government. During WWII, the US Air Force set up operations at Chongqing, including the Flying Tigers units that fought Japanese forces in China. The US military remained in Chongqing after the end of the war, and US government agents were instrumental in organizing negotiations between the Kuomintang and CCP. In order to facilitate these negotiations, the US Air Force flew CCP representatives between the Communist headquarters at Yan'an in Shaanxi province to Chongqing.[2]
Accident
editThe C-47 was stationed at Peishiyi Airfield near Chongqing. Sergeant Dallas Wise, a twenty-year-old member of the United States Fourteenth Air Force, stationed out of Chongqing, served as first officer and radio operator.[3] The C-47 flight that took off from Chongqing en route to Yan'an had thirteen passengers - all members of the CCP delegation at Chongqing - and the four US military personnel who operated the flight. Among those on the flight were notable Communist Party leaders, including General Ye Ting; General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party Qin Bangxian, also known as Bo Gu; former-President of the Central Party School Deng Fa; and Communist Party Central Committee Member Wang Ruofei.[2][4] Accompanying Ye Ting on the flight were his wife, daughter, son and nanny.[5] According to Wise's father, the aircrafted landed at Xi'an to refuel before ascending once more to fly to Yan'an.[3] While starting to descend the aircraft crashed into the Heicha Mountains (Mt. Black Tea), located 140 mi (120 nmi; 230 km) northeast of Yan'an in Shaanxi Province, killing all 17 people on board[4][2] The remains of the 4 US Air Force crew are buried in a joint grave at Jefferson Barracks National Cemetery, Lemay, Missouri.[6]
The crash forced the CCP to reorganize their negotiating delegation, becoming known, in China, as the "April 8 Incident."[5]
References
edit- ^ Accident description for 43-16360 at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 12 March 2019.
- ^ a b c "Chinese Red Leaders Die". The Windsor Daily Star. 1946-04-13. Retrieved 2020-08-08.
- ^ a b "Dallas Wise, Jr." (PDF), Soaring, no. July–August, p. 11, 1946, retrieved 2020-08-08
- ^ a b "CRASH OF A DOUGLAS C-47B-1-DL ON MT HEI CHO: 17 KILLED". Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives. Retrieved 2020-08-08.
- ^ a b Mayumi, Itoh (2016). The Making of China's War with Japan: Zhou Enlai and Zhang Xueliang. Princeton, New Jersey: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 212. doi:10.1007/978-981-10-0494-0. ISBN 978-981-10-0494-0.
- ^ find a grave memorial