1996 Russian elections

1996 Russian elections
← 1995 1997 →
51 heads of federal subjects; 29 regional parliaments

The 1996 Russian elections were held from 25 February to 29 December. President Boris Yeltsin won re-election on 3 July, defeating Gennady Zyuganov.

Presidential election

The presidential elections were held on 16 June 1996, with a second round on 3 July.


Candidate		Party	First round		Second round
Candidate		Party	Votes	%	Votes	%
	Boris Yeltsin	Independent	26,665,495	35.79	40,203,948	54.40
	Gennady Zyuganov	Communist Party	24,211,686	32.49	30,102,288	40.73
	Alexander Lebed	Congress of Russian Communities	10,974,736	14.73
	Grigory Yavlinsky	Yabloko	5,550,752	7.45
	Vladimir Zhirinovsky	Liberal Democratic Party	4,311,479	5.79
	Svyatoslav Fyodorov	Party of Workers' Self-Government	699,158	0.94
	Mikhail Gorbachev	Independent	386,069	0.52
	Martin Shakkum	Socialist People's Party	277,068	0.37
	Yury Vlasov	Independent	151,282	0.20
	Vladimir Bryntsalov	Russian Socialist Party	123,065	0.17
	Aman Tuleyev^[a]	Independent	308	0.00
Against all			1,163,921	1.56	3,604,462	4.88
Total			74,515,019	100.00	73,910,698	100.00

Valid votes			74,515,019	98.58	73,910,698	98.95
Invalid/blank votes			1,072,120	1.42	780,592	1.05
Total votes			75,587,139	100.00	74,691,290	100.00
Registered voters/turnout			108,495,023	69.67	108,589,050	68.78
Source: Nohlen & Stöver,^[1] Colton,^[2] CEC

^ Withdrew his candidacy before the election but received 308 votes during the early voting (up to the withdrawal of the candidature), which were credited as valid.

By-elections to the State Duma

A by-election took place on 8 December 1996 in the Makhachkala constituency of Dagestan to fill the seat of former member Gamid Gamidov, who was appointed finance minister of Dagestan in April 1996 and was later assassinated on 20 August 1996. Nadirshakh Khachilayev, leader of the Union of Muslims of Russia, won the constituency.^[3]

Gubernatorial elections

The three offices of the heads of federal subjects elected on 12 June 1991, were up for election in first half of the year. President Mintimer Shaymiyev of Tatarstan and Mayor Yury Luzhkov of Moscow re-elected successfully, while Saint Petersburg Mayor Anatoly Sobchak lost to his former deputy Vladimir Yakovlev in runoff.

After Yeltsin secured his second term, the gubernatorial campaign started in more than a half of Russia's federal subjects. In 20 of them heads of administrations appointed by president were defeated by candidates of the People's Patriotic Union of Russia, a left-leaning coalition founded by former presidential candidate Gennady Zyuganov.

Regional legislative elections

Legislature	Date	Seats	Voting system
National Assembly of Chechnya	16 June
Supreme Council of Khakassia	22 December	75	Single Member District Plurality^[4]
State Assembly of Mari El^[5]	6 October	67	Single Member District Plurality
Altai Krai Legislative Assembly^[6]	31 March	50
Arkhangelsk Oblast Assembly of Deputies^[7]	16 June	39	Single Member District Plurality
Bryansk Oblast Duma^[8]	8 December	50	Single Member District Plurality
Legislative Assembly of Chelyabinsk Oblast^[9]	22 December	41
Chita Oblast Duma^[10]	27 October	39
Legislative Assembly of Irkutsk Oblast^[11]	16 June^[12]	45	Single Member District Plurality
Ivanovo Oblast Duma^[13]	1 December	35
Kaliningrad Oblast Duma^[14]	6 October	32	27 SMD + 5 party list
Legislative Assembly of Kaluga Oblast	25 August	40
Legislative Assembly of Kemerovo Oblast	29 December	21
Kostroma Oblast Duma	8 December	21
Kurgan Oblast Duma	24 November	33
Sakhalin Oblast Duma	20 October	27
Legislative Assembly of Sverdlovsk Oblast (bicameral: House of Representatives and Sverdlovsk Oblast Duma)^[15]	14 April	21 of 21 (House), 14 of 28 (Duma)	Single Member District Plurality (House), Proportional representation (Duma)
Tula Oblast Duma	29 September	48
Vladimir Oblast Duma	8 December	37
Legislative Assembly of Vologda Oblast	25 February	15 of 30
State Duma of Yaroslavl Oblast^[16]	25 February	50	Single Member District Plurality
Duma of Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug^[17]	27 October	15
Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug	22 December	15
Legislative Assembly of Evenk Autonomous Okrug	22 December	23	Single Member District Plurality^[18]
Duma of Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug	27 October	23
Duma of Koryak Autonomous Okrug	17 November	12	8 SMD + 4 party list^[19]
Assembly of Deputies of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug	1 December	15
Duma of Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug	1 December	19
Legislative Assembly of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug	21 April	21

References

^ Nohlen, D; Stöver, P (2010). Elections in Europe: A data handbook. p. 1642. ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7.
^ Timothy J. Colton (2000). Transitional Citizens: Voters and What Influences Them in the New Russia. Harvard University Press. pp. 234–5. ISBN 9780674029804. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
^ Результаты дополнительных выборов по одномандатному избирательному округу, 1996
^ "История Верховного Совета Республики Хакасия". Supreme Council of the Republic of Khakassia (in Russian).
^ "РЕСПУБЛИКА МАРИЙ ЭЛ, октябрь 1996 года". Institute for Humanities and Political Studies (in Russian).
^ "1996-2000 годы - Алтайское краевое Законодательное Собрание второго созыва". Altai Krai Legislative Assembly (in Russian).
^ "История АОСД". Arkhangelsk Oblast Assembly of Deputies (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2021-04-21. Retrieved 2013-05-11.
^ Gorbachyov, Vladimir. "Многопартийность и парламентаризм в регионе: Брянская областная Дума второго созыва" (PDF). The Bryansk State University Herald (in Russian) (2016–1).
^ "История". Legislative Assembly of Chelyabinsk Oblast.
^ "Областная Дума второго созыва". Legislative Assembly of Zabaykalsky Krai (in Russian).
^ "История парламентаризма Иркутской области". Legislative Assembly of Irkutsk Oblast (in Russian).
^ "Законодательному Собранию Иркутской области - 25 лет!". Komsomolskaya Pravda (in Russian).
^ "Ивановская область в ноябре 1996 года". Institute for Humanities and Political Studies (in Russian).
^ "Историческая справка о Законодательном собрании Калининградской области" (in Russian).
^ Kirillov, Anatoly; Kirillov, Boris (1997). Выборы на Урале, 1995—1996 [Elections in the Urals, 1995–1996] (in Russian).
^ "Историческая справка". Yaroslavl Oblast Duma (in Russian).
^ "Историческая справка: Агинский Бурятский автономный округ". Legislative Assembly of Zabaykalsky Krai (in Russian).
^ "Список депутатов Законодательного Суглана Эвенкийского автономного округа". panorama.ru (in Russian).
^ Kynev, Alexander. "Выборы Думы Корякского округа 19 декабря 2004: Электоральные эксперименты на фоне тотального кризиса систем ЖКХ". democracy.ru (in Russian).

Sources

"Органы представительной власти субъектов Российской Федерации / Общий список регионов" [Legislatures of the subjects of the Russian Federation / Full list of regions]. panorama.ru (in Russian).

[1] Withdrew his candidacy before the election but received 308 votes during the early voting (up to the withdrawal of the candidature), which were credited as valid.

[2] Nohlen, D; Stöver, P (2010). Elections in Europe: A data handbook. p. 1642. ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7.

[3] Timothy J. Colton (2000). Transitional Citizens: Voters and What Influences Them in the New Russia. Harvard University Press. pp. 234–5. ISBN 9780674029804. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

[4] Результаты дополнительных выборов по одномандатному избирательному округу, 1996

[5] "История Верховного Совета Республики Хакасия". Supreme Council of the Republic of Khakassia (in Russian).

[6] "РЕСПУБЛИКА МАРИЙ ЭЛ, октябрь 1996 года". Institute for Humanities and Political Studies (in Russian).

[7] "1996-2000 годы - Алтайское краевое Законодательное Собрание второго созыва". Altai Krai Legislative Assembly (in Russian).

[hist-8] "История АОСД". Arkhangelsk Oblast Assembly of Deputies (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2021-04-21. Retrieved 2013-05-11.

[9] Gorbachyov, Vladimir. "Многопартийность и парламентаризм в регионе: Брянская областная Дума второго созыва" (PDF). The Bryansk State University Herald (in Russian) (2016–1).

[10] "История". Legislative Assembly of Chelyabinsk Oblast.

[11] "Областная Дума второго созыва". Legislative Assembly of Zabaykalsky Krai (in Russian).

[12] "История парламентаризма Иркутской области". Legislative Assembly of Irkutsk Oblast (in Russian).

[13] "Законодательному Собранию Иркутской области - 25 лет!". Komsomolskaya Pravda (in Russian).

[14] "Ивановская область в ноябре 1996 года". Institute for Humanities and Political Studies (in Russian).

[15] "Историческая справка о Законодательном собрании Калининградской области" (in Russian).

[16] Kirillov, Anatoly; Kirillov, Boris (1997). Выборы на Урале, 1995—1996 [Elections in the Urals, 1995–1996] (in Russian).

[17] "Историческая справка". Yaroslavl Oblast Duma (in Russian).

[18] "Историческая справка: Агинский Бурятский автономный округ". Legislative Assembly of Zabaykalsky Krai (in Russian).

[19] "Список депутатов Законодательного Суглана Эвенкийского автономного округа". panorama.ru (in Russian).

[20] Kynev, Alexander. "Выборы Думы Корякского округа 19 декабря 2004: Электоральные эксперименты на фоне тотального кризиса систем ЖКХ". democracy.ru (in Russian).

[a]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]