Wikipedia

2020 Council of the District of Columbia election

In 2020, a general election for Council of the District of Columbia was held on November 3, and a special election was held on June 27. Elections were held in four of the districts and one at-large. The Democratic Party retained its control of the city council and the council became majority female for the first time since the 1998 election.[1]

2020 Council of the District of Columbia election
← 2018 November 3, 2020[a] 2022 →
5 seats on the Council of the District of Columbia[b]
7 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Phil Mendelson
Party Democratic Independent
Seats won 11 2
Seat change Steady Steady
Chair of the Council before election

Phil Mendelson
Democratic

Elected Chair of the Council

Phil Mendelson
Democratic

Jack Evans resigned from the city council, causing a special election. Evans unsuccessfully ran for his seat which was won by Brooke Pinto. Incumbent councilors Robert White, Pinto, Vincent C. Gray, and Trayon White won reelection. Janeese Lewis George won election to the city council after defeating incumbent councilor Brandon Todd while David Grosso retired and was succeeded by Christina Henderson.

This was the first city council election to have public campaign financing with $3.4 million being given to candidates and George being given the most at $281,055 during the campaign.

Background

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Mayor won reelection in the 2018 election becoming the first mayor to win reelection since 2002.[2] The District of Columbia Home Rule Act states that "not more than two of the at-large members shall be nominated by the same political party" which results in the Democratic Party being unable to run in all at-large districts.[3] David Catania, a member of the city council from 1997 to 2015, was the last member of the Republican Party elected to the council, but changed his political affiliation to independent in 2004.[4]

Campaign

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At-large district

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David Grosso, an independent member of the city council, announced that he would not seek reelection in 2020.[5] Robert White announced that he would seek reelection on October 29, 2019.[6]

Vincent Orange, who had been defeated by White in 2016 and resigned from the city council after taking a job at the United States Chamber of Commerce, announced that he would run in the election.[7][8] Ed Lazere, the head of a left-wing think tank who had unsuccessfully challenged Phil Mendelson in the 2018 election, announced on March 17, 2020, that he would run as an independent candidate.[9][10] Christina Henderson, a former staffer for Grosso and a legislative assistant for Senator Chuck Schumer, announced that she would run as an independent candidate.[11] Marcus Goodwin, the president of the Young Democrats of America in Washington, D.C., announced that he would run as an independent candidate in the election.[12]

Alexander Padro, who had served as a neighborhood commissioner from Central Shaw for twenty years, announced that he would run as an independent candidate.[13] Markus Batchelor, who served as vice-president of the District of Columbia State Board of Education, announced that he would run in the election as an independent candidate.[14] Mónica Palacio, who served as director of the Office of Human Rights in Washington, D.C., ran as an independent candidate in the election.[15]

White won renomination in the Democratic primary without opposition.[16] White and Henderson won in the general election.[17]

2020 Council of the District of Columbia at-large district Democratic primary[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Robert White (incumbent) 93,264 97.22%
Democratic Write-ins 2,669 2.78%
Total votes 95,933 100.00%
2020 Council of the District of Columbia at-large district Republican primary[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Marya Pickering 2,056 90.18%
Republican Write-ins 224 9.82%
Total votes 2,280 100.00%
2020 Council of the District of Columbia at-large district election[18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Robert White (incumbent) 139,208 25.96%
Independent Christina Henderson 79,189 14.77%
Independent Vincent Orange 64,389 12.01%
Independent Ed Lazere 61,882 11.54%
Independent Marcus Goodwin 60,636 11.31%
Independent Markus Batchelor 19,095 3.56%
Republican Marya Pickering 17,883 3.33%
Independent Mónica Palacio 13,635 2.54%
Independent Franklin Garcia 8,972 1.67%
Independent Jeanné Lewis 7,417 1.38%
Independent Chander Jayaraman 7,365 1.37%
Independent Claudia Barragán 5,607 1.05%
Independent A'Shia Howard 5,329 0.99%
Independent Will Merrifield 5,086 0.95%
Independent Kathy Henderson 4,803 0.90%
Independent Alexander M. Padro 3,780 0.70%
Independent Calvin H. Gurley 3,203 0.60%
Independent Michangelo Scruggs 2,874 0.54%
Independent Keith Silver 2,605 0.49%
Independent Mario Cristaldo 2,384 0.44%
Independent Write-ins 2,266 0.42%
Independent Rick Murphree 1,851 0.35%
Independent Eric M. Rogers 1,839 0.34%
Total votes 513,933 100.00%

2nd district

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Patrick Kennedy, who has served as the co-chair for Jack Evans' 2016 campaign, announced on April 8, 2019, that he would run in the Democratic primary against Evans with neighborhood commissioner David Bender as his campaign manager.[19] Jordan Grossman, who had worked as a staffer during Barack Obama's presidency and worked for Senator Amy Klobuchar, filed to run in the Democratic primary on May 15.[20] Kishan Putta, a neighborhood commissioner from Georgetown and who had unsuccessfully ran for city council in the at-large in 2014, filed to run in the Democratic primary on June 26.[21] Brooke Pinto, who had worked for Attorney General Karl Racine in his policy office, announced her campaign for the Democratic nomination on February 12, 2020.[22] John Fanning, a neighborhood commissioner from Logan Circle, announced that he would run for the Democratic nomination.[23] Katherine Venice announced that she would run in election as a Republican.[4]

A recall attempt had been made against Evans, but the District of Columbia Board of Elections ruled that the recall campaign couldn't collect signatures due to them not filing the proper campaign finance paperwork.[24] Evans, the longest serving member of the city council who had served from the 2nd district since 1991, resigned on January 17, 2020, while under investigation for ethics violations and after all twelve other members voted unanimously to recommend his expulsion. His resignation caused a special election to be held.[25][26] Evans announced that he would run in the special election on January 28, but later dropped out of the special election while remaining in the Democratic primary.[27][28]

Pinto won in the special election and the Democratic nomination.[29][16] She won in the general election against independent candidates Randy Downs and Martín Miguel Fernandez and Statehood Green nominee Peter Bolton.[18]

2020 Council of the District of Columbia 2nd district special election[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Brooke Pinto 4,554 42.67%
Democratic Patrick Kennedy 2,159 20.23%
Democratic Jordan Grossman 1,563 14.65%
Democratic Kishan Putta 895 8.39%
Republican Katherine Venice 549 5.14%
Democratic John Fanning 488 4.57%
Democratic Yilin Zhang 382 3.58%
Independent Write-ins 82 0.77%
Total votes 10,672 100.00%
2020 Council of the District of Columbia 2nd district Democratic primary[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Brooke Pinto (incumbent) 3,142 28.38%
Democratic Patrick Kennedy 2,763 24.96%
Democratic Jordan Grossman 2,385 21.54%
Democratic Kishan Putta 1,100 9.94%
Democratic John Fanning 695 6.28%
Democratic Yilin Zhang 473 4.27%
Democratic Jack Evans 376 3.40%
Democratic Daniel Hernandez 129 1.17%
Democratic Write-ins 8 0.07%
Total votes 11,071 100.00%
2020 Council of the District of Columbia 2nd district Republican primary[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Katherine Venice 359 84.67%
Republican Write-ins 65 15.33%
Total votes 424 100.00%
2020 Council of the District of Columbia 2nd district election[18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Brooke Pinto (incumbent) 20,364 68.30%
Independent Randy Downs 6,141 20.60%
Independent Martín Miguel Fernandez 2,137 7.17%
DC Statehood Green Peter Bolton 873 2.93%
Independent Write-ins 302 1.01%
Total votes 11,071 100.00%

4th district

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Brandon Todd, who had served on the city council since 2015, was the first incumbent member of the council to file for reelection. Janeese Lewis George, the former assistant attorney general, announced that she would run for the Democratic nomination and focused her campaign on attacking Todd's connection with Mayor Browser.[30][31] George defeated Todd in the Democratic primary and defeated Statehood Green nominee Perry Redd in the general election.[16][18]

2020 Council of the District of Columbia 4th district Statehood Green Party primary[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
DC Statehood Green Perry Redd 44 51.76%
DC Statehood Green Write-ins 41 48.24%
Total votes 85 100.00%
2020 Council of the District of Columbia 4th district Democratic primary[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Janeese Lewis George 10,965 54.76%
Democratic Brandon Todd (incumbent) 8,624 43.07%
Democratic Marlena D. Edwards 411 2.05%
Democratic Write-ins 24 0.12%
Total votes 19,613 100.00%
2020 Council of the District of Columbia 4th district election[18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Janeese Lewis George 38,990 91.76%
DC Statehood Green Perry Redd 2,434 5.73%
Independent Write-ins 1,065 2.51%
Total votes 11,071 100.00%

7th district

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Anthony Lorenzo Green, a neighborhood commissioner, announced on July 12, 2019, that he would run for the Democratic nomination for city council.[32] Vincent C. Gray, who had previously served as mayor and was later elected to the city council, announced during an interview on July 17, that he would seek reelection to the city council.[33] Veda Rasheed, a neighborhood commissioner, announced on September 9, that she would run.[34] Kelvin Brown, who had unsuccessfully ran a write-in campaign for neighborhood commissioner, ran in the election.[35] Gray won in the Democratic primary and faced no opposition in the general election.[16][18]

2020 Council of the District of Columbia 7th district Democratic primary[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Vincent C. Gray (incumbent) 5,254 45.43%
Democratic Veda Rasheed 2,638 22.81%
Democratic Kelvin Brown 2,024 17.50%
Democratic Anthony Lorenzo Green 1,396 12.07%
Democratic Rebecca J. Morris 183 1.58%
Democratic James Leroy Jennings 36 0.31%
Democratic Write-ins 34 0.29%
Total votes 11,565 100.00%
2020 Council of the District of Columbia 7th district election[18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Vincent C. Gray (incumbent) 33,392 94.47%
Independent Write-ins 1,955 5.53%
Total votes 35,347 100.00%

8th district

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Trayon White, who had served on the city council since 2017, announced that he would seek reelection on January 20, 2020.[36] Stuart Anderson, who had previously worked as White's campaign manager, and Mike Austin, a neighborhood commissioner, ran in the primary.[37] White won in the Democratic primary and in the general election.[16][18]

2020 Council of the District of Columbia 8th district Democratic primary[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Trayon White (incumbent) 5,063 58.22%
Democratic Mike Austin 2,376 27.32%
Democratic Yaida Ford 656 7.54%
Democratic Stuart Anderson 405 4.66%
Democratic Write-ins 197 2.27%
Total votes 8,697 100.00%
2020 Council of the District of Columbia 8th district Republican primary[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Nate Derenge 43 60.56%
Republican Write-ins 28 39.44%
Total votes 71 100.00%
2020 Council of the District of Columbia 8th district election[18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Trayon White (incumbent) 25,340 78.84%
Independent Fred Hill 4,745 14.76%
Independent Christopher Cole 1,023 3.18%
Republican Nate Derenge 717 2.23%
Independent Write-ins 316 0.98%
Total votes 32,141 100.00%

Campaign finance

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This was the first city council election to have public campaign financing and during the campaign $3.4 million was given to candidates. Fifty-six candidates attempted to receive public campaign financing and thirty-six qualified for the financing. Seven candidates who received public campaign financing won their elections including George who received the most at $281,055 during the campaign.[38]

Candidate Campaign committee
Raised Spent COH L&D District
Claudia Barragán[39] $5,134.05 $4,727.23 $0.00 $0.00 At-large district
Nate Derenge[40] $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 8th district
Yaida Ford[41] $69,445.97 $79,696.95 $0.00 $55,077.45 4th district
Marcus Goodwin[42] $411,582.39 $382,690.52 $0.00 $0.00 At-large district
Calvin H. Gurley[43] $1,479.00 $1,449.89 $0.00 $0.00 At-large district
Vincent C. Gray[44] $210,406.47 $201,515.74 $0.00 $0.00 7th district
Kathy Henderson[45] $3,130.00 $1,953.37 $0.00 $0.00 At-large district
Rick Murphree[46] $103,767.65 $44,355.52 $0.00 $32,039.44 At-large district
Alex Padro[47] $50,190.00 $48,180.79 $0.00 $3,461.34 At-large district
Marya Pickering[48] $30,073.91 $30,073.91 $0.00 $0.00 At-large district
Brooke Pinto[49] $210,927.40 $197,785.97 $0.00 $25,000.00 2nd district
Perry Redd[50] $400.00 $40.00 $0.00 $0.00 4th district
Eric M. Rogers[51] $1,241.88 $2,588.88 $0.00 $0.00 At-large district
Brandon Todd[52] $499,570.99 $497,618.61 $0.00 $0.00 4th district
Robert White[53] $417,189.43 $401,057.36 $0.00 $0.00 At-large district

Endorsements

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At-large district

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Batchelor endorsements
Federal officials
Local officials
Goodwin endorsements
Federal officials
Local officials
Newspapers
Henderson endorsements
Local officials
Newspapers
Lazere endorsements
Local officials
Organizations
White endorsements
Local officials
Organizations

2nd district

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Downs endorsements
Local officials
Kennedy endorsements
Organizations
Pinto endorsements
Federal officials
Local officials
Organizations
Newspapers

4th district

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George endorsements
Local officials
Organizations

7th district

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Gray endorsements
Organizations

8th district

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White endorsements
Organizations

Notes

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  1. ^ Special election on June 27, 2020
  2. ^ Excluding special election

References

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  1. ^ "These Women Will Turn The D.C. Council Majority-Female For The First Time In Decades". WAMU. November 19, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  2. ^ "D.C. elections: Bowser becomes the first D.C. mayor to win reelection since 2002". The Washington Post. November 7, 2018. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  3. ^ "Why Are Two Of The D.C. Council's At-Large Seats Off Limits For Democrats?". WAMU. November 5, 2018. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  4. ^ a b "A Republican Candidate Joins The Crowded Ward 2 Race". DCist. January 15, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  5. ^ "At-Large Councilmember David Grosso Isn't Running For Reelection". DCist. November 5, 2019. Archived from the original on November 6, 2019. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  6. ^ "D.C. ELECTION ROUNDUP: Robert White Set for Reelection Bid". The Washington Informer. October 23, 2019. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  7. ^ "Vincent Orange to resign from D.C. Council after fury over Chamber of Commerce job". The Washington Post. August 5, 2016. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  8. ^ "At-Large Race Now Has Nearly 20 Candidates, Including Ex-Lawmaker Vincent Orange". DCist. June 24, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  9. ^ "Ed Lazere, left-leaning think tank leader, joins crowded at-large D.C. Council race". The Washington Post. March 17, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  10. ^ "Head of influential think tank to challenge D.C. Council chairman". The Washington Post. January 24, 2018. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  11. ^ a b "Former Grosso Staffer Christina Henderson Announces Candidacy For Open At-Large Council Seat". DCist. November 8, 2019. Archived from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  12. ^ "Real Estate Developer Marcus Goodwin Announces Bid For Grosso's Vacant At-Large Seat". DCist. January 16, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  13. ^ "Gay candidate enters At-Large D.C. Council race". Washington Blade. June 18, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  14. ^ "Markus Batchelor announces he will run for D.C. Council". The Washington Post. September 21, 2019. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  15. ^ "Former Director of D.C. Office For Human Rights Announces At-Large Candidacy". DCist. February 20, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "Primary Election 2020 - Certified Results". District of Columbia Board of Elections. June 2, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  17. ^ "Christina Henderson declares victory in race for open at-large D.C. Council seat". The Washington Post. November 4, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h i "General Election 2020 - Certified Results". District of Columbia Board of Elections. November 3, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  19. ^ "Patrick Kennedy to run against embattled D.C. Council member Jack Evans in 2020". The Washington Post. April 8, 2019. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  20. ^ "D.C. Council member Jack Evans faces second challenger in Ward 2". The Washington Post. May 16, 2019. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  21. ^ "D.C. Council member Jack Evans draws his fifth Democratic primary challenger". The Washington Post. June 26, 2019. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  22. ^ "Jack Evans draws seventh opponent in D.C. Council comeback bid: Brooke Pinto". The Washington Post. February 13, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  23. ^ "A Third Candidate Jumps In The Race To Unseat Jack Evans In Ward 2". DCist. June 5, 2019. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  24. ^ "Election officials halt recall effort against D.C. Council member Jack Evans". The Washington Post. April 3, 2019. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  25. ^ "D.C. Council member Jack Evans to resign over ethics violations". The Washington Post. January 10, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  26. ^ "Embroiled In Scandal And Facing Expulsion, Jack Evans Resigns From D.C. Council". WAMU. January 7, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  27. ^ "'Tremendous chutzpah': D.C. voters reeling as Jack Evans says he's running again". The Washington Post. January 28, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  28. ^ "Jack Evans Is Out Of The Special Election For His Old Seat, But He's Still Seeking Reelection". WAMU. March 18, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  29. ^ a b "Special Election 2020 - Certified Results". District of Columbia Board of Elections. June 16, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  30. ^ "Janeese Lewis George, the democratic socialist who beat one of the D.C. mayor's allies, says she'll be a pragmatic council member". The Washington Post. June 19, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  31. ^ "Former D.C. Assistant Attorney General Is Running Against Brandon Todd In Ward 4". DCist. August 1, 2019. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  32. ^ "ANC Commissioner Anthony Lorenzo Green Announces Run For Vincent Gray's Ward 7 Seat". DCist. July 12, 2019. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  33. ^ "As Ward 7 DC Council race shapes up, Gray confirms he will seek re-election". The DC Line. July 17, 2019. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  34. ^ "Another Ward 7 ANC Commissioner Will Challenge Vincent Gray For His D.C. Council Seat". DCist. September 9, 2019. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  35. ^ "Army Veteran Who Lost Write-In ANC Campaign Will Run For Ward 7 Councilmember". DCist. September 26, 2019. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  36. ^ "D.C. Council member White announces re-election bid". Washington Blade. January 21, 2020. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  37. ^ "Trayon White's Ex-Campaign Manager And A Former LaRuby May Staffer Are Running In Ward 8". DCist. January 9, 2020. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  38. ^ "In first D.C. election with public financing, candidates and donors bumped up against rules". The Washington Post. December 15, 2020. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  39. ^ "Claudia Barragán campaign finance". Office of Campaign Finance. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  40. ^ "Nate Derenge campaign finance". Office of Campaign Finance. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  41. ^ "Yaida Ford campaign finance". Office of Campaign Finance. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  42. ^ "Marcus Goodwin campaign finance". Office of Campaign Finance. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  43. ^ "Calvin H. Gurley campaign finance". Office of Campaign Finance. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  44. ^ "Vincent C. Gray campaign finance". Office of Campaign Finance. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  45. ^ "Kathy Henderson campaign finance". Office of Campaign Finance. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  46. ^ "Rick Murphree campaign finance". Office of Campaign Finance. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  47. ^ "Alex Padro campaign finance". Office of Campaign Finance. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  48. ^ "Marya Pickering campaign finance". Office of Campaign Finance. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  49. ^ "Brooke Pinto campaign finance". Office of Campaign Finance. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  50. ^ "Perry Redd campaign finance". Office of Campaign Finance. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  51. ^ "Eric M. Rogers campaign finance". Office of Campaign Finance. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  52. ^ "Brandon Todd campaign finance". Office of Campaign Finance. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  53. ^ "Robert White campaign finance". Office of Campaign Finance. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  54. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab "An overview of endorsements in DC Council, State Board of Education races". The DC Line. October 19, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  55. ^ a b c "Opinion: The Post's endorsements for D.C. elections". The Washington Post. September 26, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  56. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Ed Lazere Endorsements". Ed Lazere. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  57. ^ a b c "Planned Parenthood Announces Endorsements, Ratings in 2020 DC Council Elections". Planned Parenthood. September 30, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  58. ^ a b c d e "Sierra Club Endorses Robert White, Patrick Kennedy, Janeese Lewis George, Vince Gray and Trayon White for DC Council". Sierra Club. April 9, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  59. ^ "DC COUNCILMEMBER AT-LARGE ELISSA SILVERMAN ENDORSES JANEESE LEWIS GEORGE FOR WARD 4". Janeese Lewis George. May 15, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  60. ^ "DC COUNCILMEMBER AT-LARGE ELISSA SILVERMAN ENDORSES JANEESE LEWIS GEORGE FOR WARD 4". Janeese Lewis George. May 15, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  61. ^ a b "DC COUNCILMEMBER AT-LARGE ELISSA SILVERMAN ENDORSES JANEESE LEWIS GEORGE FOR WARD 4". Janeese Lewis George. May 15, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
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