The 37th Division was a military formation belonging to the Spanish Republican Army that fought during the Spanish Civil War. It was deployed on the Extremadura front during the entire war.
| 37th Division | |
|---|---|
| 37.ª División | |
| Active | May 1937–March 1939 |
| Country |  Spain |
| Allegiance | Republican faction |
| Branch |  Spanish Republican Army |
| Type | Infantry |
| Size | Division |
| Engagements | Spanish Civil War: |
| Commanders | |
| Notable commanders | José Ruiz Farrona José Sabín Pérez |
History
editThe unit was created in May 1937,[1] in the Front of Extremadura. The division, which was made up of the mixed brigades 20th, 63rd, 91st and 109th,[1] was assigned to VII Army Corps.[2] It had its headquarters in Castuera.[3] During the following months, it remained in its positions, without intervening in relevant operations.
In July 1938, it took part in the Battle of Merida pocket, during which he suffered considerable damage. Its 20th and 91st brigades were isolated inside the pocket,[4] suffering heavy losses, although some troops managed to escape the siege. For its part, the 109th Mixed Brigade was completely destroyed,[5] although it was rebuilt later. The division was subjected to a reorganization, with the militia major José Sabín Pérez taking command.[6][7]
It did not take part in major military operations again.
Command
edit- Commanders
- Lieutenant Colonel Juan Arce Mayora[8]
- Lieutenant Colonel José Ruiz Farrona[9]
- Infantry captain Justo López Mejías[10]
- Infantry commander Alejandro Sánchez Cabezudo[11]
- Infantry commander Antonio Cano Chacón[6]
- Militia major José Sabín Pérez;[7]
- Militia major Donato Sánchez Lueño;[6]
- Militia major Olegario Pachón Núñez;
- Commissars
- Benigno Cardeñoso Negrete, of the PSOE;[12]
- Miguel Carnicero, from the PSOE;[13]
- Germán Clemente de la Cruz, from the CNT;
- Chiefs of Staff
- Commander Donato Sánchez Muñoz;
- Captain Pedro Tirado Navarro;
- Commander Manuel Luque Molinello;
Order of battle
edit| Date | Attached Army Corps | Integrated mixed brigades | Battlefront |
|---|---|---|---|
| June 1937 | VII Army Corps | 20th, 63rd, 91st and 109th | Estremadura |
| March-April 1938 | VII Army Corps | 20th, 63rd, 91st | Estremadura |
| July 1938 | VII Army Corps | 20th, 91st and 148th | Estremadura |
| July 20, 1938 | VII Army Corps | 20th, 91st and 109th | Estremadura |
| August 15, 1938 | VII Army Corps | 4th, 20th and 109th | Estremadura |
| October 23, 1938 | VII Army Corps | 4th, 20th and 109th | Estremadura |
References
edit- ^ a b Engel 1999, p. 215.
- ^ Martínez Bande 1981, p. 85.
- ^ Romero García 2001, p. 100.
- ^ Martínez Bande 1981, p. 242.
- ^ Engel 1999, p. 99.
- ^ a b c Engel 1999, p. 216.
- ^ a b Martínez Bande 1981, p. 249.
- ^ Zaragoza 1983, p. 56.
- ^ Martínez Bande 1981, p. 107.
- ^ Elisardo Penas García. AGMAV, Documentation 37 Division, Memories
- ^ Martínez Bande 1981, p. 167.
- ^ Álvarez Gómez 1989, p. 180.
- ^ Álvarez Gómez 1989, p. 188.
Bibliography
edit- Álvarez Gómez, Santiago (1989). Los comisarios políticos en el Ejército Popular de la República (in Spanish). Ediciós do Castro.
- Engel, Carlos (1999). Historia de las Brigadas mixtas del Ejército Popular de la República (in Spanish). Madrid: Almena. ISBN 84-922644-7-0.
- Martínez Bande, José Manuel (1981). La batalla de Pozoblanco y el cierre de la bolsa de Mérida (in Spanish). Madrid: San Martín.
- Romero García, Eladi (2001). Itinerarios de la guerra civil española: guía del viajero curios (in Spanish).
- Zaragoza, Cristóbal (1983). Ejército Popular y Militares de la República, 1936-1939 (in Spanish). Barcelona: Ed. Planeta.