This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. (December 2017) |
The 55th Rescue Squadron is an aviation unit of the United States Air Force. It operates the Sikorsky HH-60W Jolly Green II helicopter and provides rapidly deployable combat search and rescue forces to theater commanders worldwide. 55th used to use the HH-60G Pave Hawk until switching to the HH-60W Jolly Green II. They tactically employ the HH-60W helicopter and its crew in hostile environments to recover downed aircrew and isolated personnel during day, night, or marginal weather conditions. The squadron also conducts military operations other than war including civil search and rescue, disaster relief, international aid, emergency medical evacuation, and counter-drug activities.[4]
| 55th Rescue Squadron | |
|---|---|
 An A-10 Thunderbolt II provides cover for a 55th HH-60 Pave Hawk during an exercise | |
| Active | 1952–1960; 1961–1999; 2003–present |
| Country |  United States |
| Branch |  United States Air Force |
| Role | Search and Rescue |
| Part of | Air Combat Command |
| Garrison/HQ | Davis-Monthan Air Force Base |
| Nickname(s) | Night Hawks[1] Night Wings (1984-1988) |
| Motto(s) | Haec Ago Ut Alii Vivant These Things We Do That Others May Live[citation needed] |
| Engagements | Desert Storm Kosovo War[2] |
| Decorations | Air Force Outstanding Unit Award with Combat "V" Device Air Force Meritorious Unit Award Navy Meritorious Unit Commendation Coast Guard Meritorious Unit Commendation Air Force Outstanding Unit Award[2] |
| Insignia | |
| 55th Rescue Squadron emblem (approved 12 December 1988)[2] |  |
| 55th Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Squadron emblem (approved 12 December 1984)[1][3] |  |
Since 2003, the squadron provided rapidly deployable combat search and rescue forces worldwide; and deployed aircraft and crews in response to national disasters, domestic search and rescue, and medical evacuation ("MEDEVAC") missions.
History
editNorth Atlantic Rescue
editThe 55th Air Rescue Squadron was activated on 14 November 1952, at Thule Air Force Base, Greenland, where it replaced Flight E, 6th Air Rescue Squadron, when Air Rescue Service expanded its squadrons to groups and replaced their flights with new squadrons. It remained at Thule and trained and performed rescue and recovery missions until March 1960, when it moved to Kindley Air Force Base, Bermuda, where it was inactivated on 18 June 1960.[2]
Reactivation
edit
The squadron was reorganized at Kindley on 18 June 1961. Until January 1966 the unit supported crewed spacecraft recovery operations. In January 1966, it was renamed the 55th Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Squadron. It moved to McCoy Air Force Base, Florida in February 1970. From McCoy, and after June 1971, from Eglin Air Force Base, Florida it provided coverage for Apollo missions through the early 1970s.[2]
Special operations
editIn 1988 the rescue role changed to special operations missions. During Operation Just Cause the 55th SOS performed combat search and rescue in Panama between 20 December 1989 and 14 January 1990. This was repeated during the 1991 Gulf War between January and March 1991, and again in the Persian Gulf region and the Kosovo, in 1998-1999. On 25 February 1993, the 55th moved to Hurlburt Field, Florida, where the squadron was inactivated on 11 November 1999.[2]
Return to rescue mission
editOn 22 January 2003, the squadron was reactivated at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, Arizona (USA).[2] Since 2003, the squadron provided rapidly deployable combat search and rescue forces worldwide; and deployed aircraft and crews in response to national disasters, domestic search and rescue, and medical evacuation missions, like during Hurricane Katrina.[2]
The unit has changed to the Sikorsky HH-60W Jolly Green II.[5]
Lineage
edit- Constituted as the 55th Air Rescue Squadron on 17 October 1952
- Activated on 14 November 1952
- Discontinued and inactivated on 18 June 1960
- Activated on 10 May 1961 (not organized)
- Organized on 18 June 1961
- Redesignated 55th Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Squadron on 8 January 1966
- Redesignated 55th Special Operations Squadron on 1 March 1988
- Inactivated on 11 November 1999
- Redesignated 55th Rescue Squadron on 22 January 2003
- Activated on 14 March 2003[2]
Assignments
edit- 6th Air Rescue Group, 14 November 1952
- Air Rescue Service, 18 February 1958 – 18 June 1960
- Military Air Transport Service, 10 May 1961 (not organized)
- Air Rescue Service (later Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Service), 18 June 1961
- 39th Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Wing (later 39th Special Operations Wing), 1 January 1970
- 1st Special Operations Wing, 18 April 1989
- 1st Special Operations Group (later 16th Operations Group), 22 September 1992 – 11 November 1999
- 355th Operations Group, 14 March 2003
- 563d Rescue Group, 1 October 2003 – present[2]
Stations
edit- Thule Air Force Base, Greenland, 14 November 1952
- Kindley Air Force Base, Bermuda, 17 March – 18 June 1960
- Kindley Air Force Base, Bermuda, 18 June 1961
- McCoy Air Force Base, Florida, 27 February 1970
- Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, 25 June 1971
- Hurlburt Field, Florida, 25 February 1993 – 11 November 1999
- Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, Arizona, 14 March 2003 – present[2]
Aircraft
edit- Boeing SB-17 Flying Fortress (1952–1955)
- Douglas SC-47 Skytrain (1952–1954)
- Sikorsky H-19 (later SH-19, HH-19)(1953–1957, 1961–1963)
- Grumman SA-16A Albatross (1953–1959)
- Piasecki YH-21 Work Horse (1953–1955)
- Piasecki SH-21 Work Horse (1956–1960)
- Douglas SC-54 Skymaster (later HC-54) (1956–1957, 1959–1960, 1961–1964)
- Kaman HH-43 Huskie (1963–1964)
- Boeing HC-97 Stratofreighter (1964–1966)
- Lockheed HC-130 Hercules (1966–1988)
- Sikorsky HH-53 Super Jolly Green Giant (1973–1980)
- Sikorsky HH-3 Jolly Green Giant (1980–1982)
- Sikorsky MH-60G Pave Hawk (1982–1999)
- Sikorsky HH-60G Pave Hawk (2003[2] – 2023)[5]
- Sikorsky HH-60W Jolly Green II (2023 -[5]
References
editNotes
edit- ^ a b Endicott, p. 598
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Haulman, Daniel L. (12 May 2017). "Factsheet 55 Rescue Squadron (ACC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 28 December 2017.
- ^ "Approved insignia for: 55th Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Squadron". National Archives Catalog. 4 February 1986. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
- ^ Staff writer, no byline (2 August 2006). "Library: Fact Sheet 563rd Rescue Group (AFSOC)". 355th Wing Public Affairs. Archived from the original on 16 February 2016. Retrieved 28 December 2017.
- ^ a b c AirForces Monthly. Stamford, Lincolnshire, England: Key Publishing Ltd. March 2023. p. 19.
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Bibliography
edit
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency
- Endicott, Judy G. (1998). Active Air Force Wings as of 1 October 1995 and USAF Active Flying, Space, and Missile Squadrons as of 1 October 1995 (PDF). Air Force History and Museums Program. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ASIN B000113MB2. Retrieved 2 July 2014.